Graph database

Graph database (Basis data graf) dalam dunia ilmu komputer adalah basis data yang menggunakan struktur data graf yg memiliki komponen simpel (node), tepi (edge) dan atribut (properties) untuk merepresentasikan penyimpanan data. Basis data graf menyediaakan index-free adjacency, konsep yang memungkinkan penyimpanan dan Pemrosesan graf secara efisien.^[1] Dalam sistem ini, setiap simpul langsung terhubung dengan simpul-simpul yang ada di sekitarnya tanpa perlu menggunakan indeks tambahan untuk mencari simpul-simpul tersebut. Artinya, hubungan antar simpul disimpan langsung di dalam simpul itu sendiri, sehingga akses ke simpul terrait bisa dilakukan secara cepas tanpa pencarían melalui indeks yang terpisah. Pendekatan ini sangat berguna dalam aplikasi yang membutuhkan performa tinggi, seperti rekomendasi atau analisis jaringan sosial.

Berikut struktur dari graph database:

Setiap simpul melambangkan suatu entitas seperti orang, bisnis, akun, atau item lain yang hendak dilacak.

Sifat

Dibanding dengan relational database, graph database sering lebih cepat untuk himpunan data asosiatif, dan memetakan lebih langsung ke struktur aplikasi berorientasi objek (object-oriented application). Database ini dapat diskala lebih alamiah ke himpunan data lebih besar karena umumnya tidak membutuhkan operasi "join" yang mahal. Karena kurang tergantung dari skema kaku, mereka lebih cocok untuk dikelola secara ad hoc dan data yang berubah-ubah dengan skema yang terus diperbarui. Sebaliknya, relational database umumnya lebih cepat dalam mengerjakan operasi yang sama dengan jumlah elemen data yang lebih banyak.

Proyek-proyek graph database

Berikut adalah daftar sejumlah proyek graph database yang terkenal:

Nama	Versi	Lisensi	Bahasa	Pemerian
AllegroGraph	4.14.1 (September 2014)	Proprietary, Clients - Eclipse Public License v1	C#, C, Common Lisp, Java, Python	A RDF and graph database.
ArangoDB Diarsipkan 2014-10-07 di Wayback Machine.	2.2.1 (July 2014)	Apache 2	C, C++ & Javascript	A distributed multi-model document store and graph database. Highly scalable supporting ACID and full transaction support. Including a built-in graph explorer.
Bigdata Diarsipkan 2023-06-10 di Wayback Machine.	1.3.1 (May 2014)	GPLv2, evaluation license, or commercial license.	Java	A RDF/graph database capable of clustered deployment. Bigdata supports high availability (HA) mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., embedded mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., single server mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine.. As of version 1.3.1, it supports the Blueprints API Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine. and Reification Done Right (RDR) Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine..
Bitsy Diarsipkan 2023-08-08 di Wayback Machine.	1.5.0	AGPL, Enterprise license (unlimited use, annual/perpetual)	Java	A small, embeddable, durable in-memory graph database
BrightstarDB Diarsipkan 2023-06-06 di Wayback Machine.		MIT License ^[2]	C#	An embeddable NoSQL database for the .NET platform with code-first data model generation.
Cayley Diarsipkan 2016-02-03 di Wayback Machine.	0.4.0 (August 2014)	Apache 2	Go	An open-source graph inspired by the graph database behind Freebase and Google's Knowledge Graph.
DEX/Sparksee^[3]	5.1.0 (2014)	evaluation, research or development use (free) / commercial use	C++	A high-performance and scalable graph database management system from Sparsity Technologies Diarsipkan 2017-05-04 di Wayback Machine., a technology transition company from DAMA-UPC Diarsipkan 2015-02-23 di Wayback Machine.. Its main characteristics is its query performance for the retrieval & exploration of large networks. Sparksee 5 mobile is the first graph database for mobile devices.
Filament Diarsipkan 2023-05-17 di Wayback Machine.		BSD	Java	A graph persistence framework and associated toolkits based on a navigational query style.
GraphBase Diarsipkan 2017-06-26 di Wayback Machine.	1.0.03a	Proprietary	Java	A customizable, distributed, small-footprint graph store with a rich tool set from FactNexus Diarsipkan 2023-06-10 di Wayback Machine..
Graphd		Proprietary		The proprietary back-end of Freebase.
Horton Diarsipkan 2016-06-09 di Wayback Machine.		Proprietary	C#	A graph database from Microsoft Research Extreme Computing Group (XCG) Diarsipkan 2014-03-28 di Wayback Machine. based on the cloud programming infrastructure Orleans Diarsipkan 2016-06-20 di Wayback Machine..
HyperGraphDB Diarsipkan 2023-05-29 di Wayback Machine.	1.2 (2012)	LGPL	Java	A graph database supporting generalized hypergraphs where edges can point to other edges.
IBM System G Native Store Diarsipkan 2018-05-21 di Wayback Machine.	v1.0 Diarsipkan 2018-05-21 di Wayback Machine. (July 2014)	Proprietary	C, C++, Java	A high performance graph store using natively implemented graph data structures and primitives for achieving superior efficiency. IBM System G Native Store can handle various simple graphs, property graphs, and RDF graphs, in terms of storage, analytics, and visualization. Native Store is accessible from most programming languages by providing APIs in C++, Java (Tinkerpop/Blueprints), and Python. Its gShell graph command collection and the Native Store REST APIs provide language-free interfaces.
InfiniteGraph Diarsipkan 2023-06-01 di Wayback Machine.	3.0 (January 2013)	Proprietary	Java	A distributed and cloud-enabled commercial product with flexible licensing.
InfoGrid Diarsipkan 2010-06-09 di Wayback Machine.	2.9.5 (2011)	AGPLv3, free for small entities^[4]	Java	A graph database with web front end and configurable storage engines (MySQL, PostgreSQL, Files, Hadoop).
JanusGraph Diarsipkan 2022-01-11 di Wayback Machine.	0.6.1 (2022)	Apache 2	Java	Open source, scalable, distributed across a multi-machine cluster graph database under The Linux Foundation; supports various storage backends (Apache Cassandra, Apache HBase, Google Cloud Bigtable, Oracle BerkeleyDB);^[5] supports global graph data analytics, reporting, and ETL through integration with big data platforms (Apache Spark, Apache Giraph, Apache Hadoop); supports geo, numeric range, and full-text search via external index storages (Elasticsearch, Apache Solr, Apache Lucene).^[6]
jCoreDB Graph Diarsipkan 2014-08-09 di Wayback Machine.				An extensible database engine with a graph database subproject.
MapGraph Diarsipkan 2023-06-28 di Wayback Machine.	v3 (2014)	Apache 2	CUDA	MapGraph is Massively Parallel Graph processing on GPUs. The MapGraph API makes it easy to develop high performance graph analytics on GPUs. The API is based on the Gather-Apply-Scatter (GAS) model as used in GraphLab.^[7] MapGraph is up to two orders of magnitude faster than parallel CPU implementations on up 24 CPU cores and has performance comparable to a state-of-the-art manually optimized GPU implementation. New algorithms can be implemented in a few hours that fully exploit the data-level parallelism of the GPU and offer throughput of up to 3.3 billion traversed edges per second on a single GPU.^[8] and up to 30 billion traversed edges per second on a cluster with 64 GPUs ^[9]
Neo4j	2.1.6 Diarsipkan 2014-10-15 di Wayback Machine. (November 2014)	GPLv3 Community Edition. Commercial & AGPLv3 options for Enterprise and Advanced editions^[10]	Java	A highly scalable open source graph database that supports ACID, has high-availability clustering for enterprise deployments, and comes with a web-based administration tool that includes full transaction support and visual node-link graph explorer.^[11] Neo4j is accessible from most programming languages using its built-in REST web API interface. Neo4j is the most popular graph database in use today.^[12]
Orly	[4] Diarsipkan 2022-05-28 di Wayback Machine. (March 2014)	Apache 2^[10]	C++	A highly scalable open source graph database.^[13] Orly is accessible from most programming languages using its built-in REST web API interface. Orly is a popular graph database in use today.
OpenLink Virtuoso	7.1 (March 2014)	GPLv2 for Open Source Edition Diarsipkan 2016-10-21 di Wayback Machine.. Proprietary for Enterprise Edition Diarsipkan 2016-10-15 di Wayback Machine..	C, C++	A hybrid database server handling RDF and other graph data, RDB/SQL data, XML data, filesystem documents/objects, and free text. May be deployed as a local embedded instance (as used in the Nepomuk Semantic Desktop), a single-instance network server, or a shared-nothing elastic-cluster multiple-instance networked server.^[14]
Oracle Spatial and Graph Diarsipkan 2013-11-06 di Wayback Machine.	11.2 (2012)	Proprietary	Java, PL/SQL	1) RDF Semantic Graph: comprehensive W3C RDF graph management in Oracle Database with native reasoning and triple-level label security. 2) Network Data Model property graph: for physical/logical networks with persistent storage and a Java API for in-memory graph analytics.
Oracle NoSQL Database Diarsipkan 2013-11-22 di Wayback Machine.	2.0.39 (2013)	Proprietary	Java	RDF Graph for Oracle NoSQL Database is a feature of Enterprise Edition providing W3C RDF graph capabilities in NoSQL Database.
OrientDB	1.7.10 Diarsipkan 2014-12-16 di Wayback Machine. (November 2014)	Community Edition Apache 2, Enterprise Edition is Commercial	Java	OrientDB is a 2nd Generation Distributed Graph Database with the flexibility of Documents in one product with an Open Source commercial friendly license (Apache 2 license). It has a multi-master replication and sharding. Supports schema-less, schema-full and schema-mixed modes. Has a strong security profiling system based on user and roles and supports SQL amongst the query languages. Thanks to the SQL layer, it's straightforward to use for those skilled in the relational database world.
OQGRAPH		GPLv2		A graph computation engine for MySQL, MariaDB and Drizzle.
Ontotext OWLIM Diarsipkan 2014-08-19 di Wayback Machine.	5.3	OWLIM Lite is free OWLIM SE and Enterprise are commercially licenced	Java	A graph database engine, based entirely on Semantic Web standards from W3C: RDF, RDFS, OWL, SPARQL. OWLIM Lite is an "in memory" engine. OWLIM SE is robust standalone database engine. OWLIM Enterprise is a clustered version which offers horizontal scalability and failover support and other enterprise features.
R2DF				R2DF framework for ranked path queries over weighted RDF graphs.
ROIS Diarsipkan 2015-02-13 di Wayback Machine.		Freeware	Modula-2	A programmable knowledge server that supports inheritance and transitivity. Used in OpenGALEN as a Terminology Server.
sones GraphDB		AGPLv3^[15]	C#	A graph database and universal access layer (funded by Deutsche Telekom).
SPARQLCity Diarsipkan 2014-02-02 di Wayback Machine.	v1.0.95 (October 2014)	GPLv3	C, C++ & Javascript	SPARQLCity produces SPARQLVerse: A standards and Hadoop based analytic graph engine for performing rich business analytics on structured and semi-structured data.
Sqrrl Enterprise Diarsipkan 2014-06-05 di Wayback Machine.	v1.5.1 (August 2014)	Proprietary	Java	Distributed, real-time graph database featuring cell-level security and massive scalability.
Stardog	v2.2 (July 2014)	Proprietary	Java	Fast, scalable, pure Java semantic graph database.
Teradata Aster Diarsipkan 2020-09-19 di Wayback Machine.	v6 (2013)	Proprietary	Java, SQL, Python, C++, R	A high performance, multi-purpose, highly scalable and extensible MPP database incorporating patented engines supporting native SQL, MapReduce and Graph data storage and manipulation. An extensive set of analytical function libraries and data visualization capabilities are also provided.
Titan Diarsipkan 2018-07-31 di Wayback Machine.	0.5.2 (2014)	Apache 2	Java	A distributed, real-time, scalable transactional graph database developed by Aurelius Diarsipkan 2016-04-02 di Wayback Machine..
Trinity Diarsipkan 2023-08-08 di Wayback Machine.			C#, C, X64 Assembly	A distributed general purpose graph engine on a memory cloud.
TripleBit Diarsipkan 2019-01-27 di Wayback Machine.			C/C++	A centralized RDF store.
VelocityGraph Diarsipkan 2018-08-07 di Wayback Machine.		Open source with proprietary back-end	C#	High performance, scalable & flexible graph database build with VelocityDB Diarsipkan 2021-03-01 di Wayback Machine. object database.
VertexDB Diarsipkan 2011-11-06 di Wayback Machine.		Revised BSD	C	A graph database server that supports automatic garbage collection.
Weaver Diarsipkan 2020-01-20 di Wayback Machine.	0.1 (December 2014)	BSD licenses	C, Python	A fast, scalable, ACID transactional graph database with replication and migration.
WhiteDB Diarsipkan 2023-05-30 di Wayback Machine.	0.7.0 (October 2013)	GPLv3 and a free commercial licence	C	A graph/N-tuples shared memory database library.
OhmDB Diarsipkan 2023-04-09 di Wayback Machine.	1.0.0 (August 2014)	Apache 2	Java	RDBMS + NoSQL Database for Java.

Graph database features

The following table compares the features of the above graph databases.

Name	Graph Model	API	Query Methods	Visualizer	Consistency	Backend	Scalability
AllegroGraph	RDF	Java, Java:Sesame, JavaJena, Python, Ruby, Perl, C#, Clojure, Lisp, Scala, REST	SPARQL 1.1, Prolog, JIG, JavaScript	Gruff - View Graphs, Visual Query Builder for SPARQL and Prolog	ACID	Native Graph Storage	1 Trillion RDF triples
ArangoDB Diarsipkan 2014-10-07 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph Diarsipkan 2022-10-07 di Wayback Machine.	JavaScript, Blueprints, REST	Graph Traversals via JavaScript, Gremlin	Built-in graph explorer	MVCC/ACID	native C/C++	Replication and Sharding
Bigdata Diarsipkan 2012-03-10 di Wayback Machine.	RDF	Java, Sesame, Blueprints, Gremlin, SPARQL, REST	SPARQL, Gremlin	Bigdata Workbench UI	MVCC/ACID	Native Java	Embedded Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., Client/Server Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., High Availability (HA) Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine.
Bitsy Diarsipkan 2023-08-08 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph	Blueprints	Gremlin, Pixy Diarsipkan 2022-12-05 di Wayback Machine.		ACID with optimistic concurrency control	Human-readable JSON-encoded text files with checksums and markers for recovery
DEX/Sparksee^[3]	Labeled and directed attributed multigraph	Java, C++, .NET, Python	Native Java, C#, Python and C++ APIs, Blueprints, Gremlin	Exporting functionality to visualization formats	Consistency, durability and partial isolation and atomicity	Native graph. light and independent data structures with a small memory footprint for storage	Master/Slave replication
Filament Diarsipkan 2023-05-17 di Wayback Machine.
GraphBase Enterprise(1) Diarsipkan 2014-11-25 di Wayback Machine. GraphBase Agility(2) Diarsipkan 2014-11-29 di Wayback Machine.	(1) mixed, (2) Framework-managed Simple Graph	Java	Bounds Language, embedded java	GraphPad, BoundsPad, Navigator	ACID, graph-based transactions	proprietary native	(1) shared nothing distributed, (2) simple replication, 100+ Billion arcs per server
Graphd
Horton Diarsipkan 2016-06-09 di Wayback Machine.	Attributed multigraph		Horton Query Language (Regular Language Expression + SQL)			C#, .Net Framework, Asynchronous communication protocols
HyperGraphDB Diarsipkan 2023-05-29 di Wayback Machine.	Object-oriented multi-relational labeled hypergraph	Custom,Java			MVCC/STM
IBM System G Native Store Diarsipkan 2018-05-21 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph, RDF*	C++, Java, Python	Native Store gShell, Gremlin, SPARQL	Built-in Visualizer	ACID	Native Graph Storage	Both scale-up (using multithreading) and scale-out (using IBM PAMI)
InfiniteGraph Diarsipkan 2023-06-01 di Wayback Machine.	Labeled and directed multi-property graph	Java, Blueprints (Read Only)	Java (with parallel, distributed queries), Gremlin (Read Only)	Graph browser for developers. Plugins to allow use of external libraries.	ACID. There is also a parallel, loosely synchronized batch loader.	Objectivity/DB on standard filesystems	Distributed & Sharded. Objectivity/DB was the first DBMS to store a Petabyte of objects.
InfoGrid Diarsipkan 2010-06-09 di Wayback Machine.	Dynamically typed, object-oriented graph, multigraphs, semantic models
JanusGraph Diarsipkan 2022-01-11 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph Diarsipkan 2022-10-07 di Wayback Machine.	Java, C#, Python, REST (any language)	Gremlin Diarsipkan 2023-04-27 di Wayback Machine.	Arcade Analytics, Cytoscape, Gephi plugin for Apache TinkerPop, Graphexp, Graph Explorer, Gremlin-Visualizer, G.V() - Gremlin IDE, KeyLines by Cambridge Intelligence, Linkurious, Tom Sawyer Perspectives	ACID	Native Java server on top of column oriented database and optionally plugged in search engine	Horizontal linear scalability with multi data-center support.
jCoreDB Graph Diarsipkan 2014-08-09 di Wayback Machine.
Neo4j	Property Graph	Java, Python, JPython, Ruby, JRuby, JavaScript (Node.js), PHP, .NET, Django, Clojure, Spring, Scala, or REST (any language)	Cypher (native/preferred), Native Java APIs (special cases), Traverser API, REST, Blueprints, Gremlin	Data Browser included. Supports a variety of 3rd party tools: Gephi, Linkurio.us, Cytoscape, Tom Sawyer, Keylines, etc.	ACID	Native graph storage with native graph processing engine	Horizontal read scaling via master-slave clustering with cache sharding.
OpenLink Virtuoso	RDF graph: Triple & Quad (named graphs); expandable column store	SPARQL, XMLA, ODBC, JDBC, ADO.NET, OLE DB, Jena, Sesame, Virtuoso PL/SQL, Java, Python, Perl, PHP, HTTP, etc.	SPARQL 1.1; SPARQL web service endpoint; SQL; others	Pivot Viewer (Silverlight or HTML5); OpenLink Data Explorer; SPARQL-compliant tools; Apache Jena-based tools; XML & JSON-based tools; SQL based tools	ACID	Internal column-store or row-store (depending on licensure), hybrid RDF/SQL/RDB engine	Infinite via Commercial Edition's Cluster Module elastic cluster functionality; simple master-slave clustering of single-server instances also an option.
Oracle Spatial and Graph Diarsipkan 2013-11-06 di Wayback Machine.	RDF graph: Triple & Quad (named graphs); Network Data Model property graph	Java; Apache Jena; PL/SQL	SPARQL 1.1; SPARQL web service end point; SQL	SPARQL-compliant tools; Apache Jena-based tools; XML & JSON-based tools; SQL based tools	ACID	Efficient, compressed, partitioned graph storage; Native persisted in-database inferencing; SPARQL 1.1 & SQL integration; Triple-level label security; Semantic indexing of documents	Parallel load, query, inference; Query controls; Scales from PC to Oracle Exadata; Supports Oracle Real Application Clusters and Oracle Database 8 exabytes
Oracle NoSQL Database Diarsipkan 2013-11-22 di Wayback Machine.	RDF graph: Triple default graph, Triple & Quad named graphs	Java (Apache Jena)	SPARQL 1.1; SPARQL web service end point	SPARQL-compliant tools; Apache Jena-based tools; XML & JSON-based tools	ACID; Configurable consistency & durability policies	Key/value store; W3C SPARQL 1.1 & Update; In-memory RDFS/OWL inferencing	Parallel load/query; Query controls for: parallel execution, timeout, query optimization hints
OrientDB	Property Graph	Java, Python, JPython, Ruby, JRuby, JavaScript (Node.js), PHP, .NET, Clojure, Spring, Scala, or REST (any language)	Own SQL-like Query Language, REST, Blueprints, Gremlin, SparQL (via Blueprints)	Console and Studio Web tool Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine. supporting also graph editor	ACID, MVCC	Custom on disc or in memory	Horizontal read and write scaling via multi-master replication + sharding.
OQGRAPH
R2DF
ROIS Diarsipkan 2015-02-13 di Wayback Machine.
sones GraphDB
Sqrrl Enterprise Diarsipkan 2014-06-05 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph	Thrift, Blueprint	Own SQL-like query language and Java API	Integrates with 3rd party tools	Fully Consistent and ACID (transactions limited to a single graph node)	Apache Accumulo	Distributed cluster with tens of trillions of edges Diarsipkan 2023-07-29 di Wayback Machine.
Stardog	RDF	Java, Sesame, Jena, SNARL, HTTP/REST, Python, Ruby, Node.js, C#, Clojure, Spring	SPARQL 1.1	Stardog Web, Pelorus Diarsipkan 2014-07-15 di Wayback Machine.	ACID	Native Graph Storage	50 billion RDF triples on $10,000 server
Titan Diarsipkan 2013-02-12 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph	Java, Blueprints, REST, RexPro binary protocol, Python, Clojure (any language)	Gremlin, SPARQL ^{[butuh rujukan]} \|\| Integrates with 3rd party tools \|\| ACID or Eventually Consistent \|\| Apache Cassandra, Apache HBase, MapR M7 Tables, Berkeley DB, Persistit, Hazelcast \|\| Distributed cluster (120 billion+ edges) or single server.
Trinity Diarsipkan 2023-08-08 di Wayback Machine.	Cell Based Graph Model Diarsipkan 2016-03-14 di Wayback Machine.	C#	Trinity Query Language		Cell level Atomicity Diarsipkan 2016-03-14 di Wayback Machine.	Native graph store and processing engine	billion node in-memory graph
TripleBit Diarsipkan 2019-01-27 di Wayback Machine.	Labeled direct graph Diarsipkan 2019-01-27 di Wayback Machine.	C, C++	SPARQL		ACID or Eventually Consistent]	Native graph store and processing engine	billion triples
VertexDB Diarsipkan 2011-11-06 di Wayback Machine.
Weaver Diarsipkan 2020-01-20 di Wayback Machine.	Property Graph	C, Python	Node programs		ACID	HyperDex	Automatic replication and migration

Pemrosesan graf yang didistribusi

Angrapa Diarsipkan 2016-12-30 di Wayback Machine. - graph package in Hama Diarsipkan 2012-06-18 di Wayback Machine., a bulk synchronous parallel (BSP) platform
Apache Hama Diarsipkan 2012-06-18 di Wayback Machine. - a pure BSP(Bulk Synchronous Parallel) computing framework on top of HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) for massive scientific computations such as matrix, graph and network algorithms.
Bigdata Diarsipkan 2012-03-10 di Wayback Machine. - A RDF/graph database capable of clustered deployment. Bigdata supports high availability (HA) mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., embedded mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine., single server mode Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine. and has available commercial licenses Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine.. As of version 1.3.1, it supports the Blueprints API Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine. and Reification Done Right (RDR) Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine..
Faunus Diarsipkan 2013-01-29 di Wayback Machine. - a Hadoop-based graph computing framework that uses Gremlin as its query language. Faunus provides connectivity to Titan, Rexster-fronted graph databases, and to text/binary graph formats stored in HDFS. Faunus is developed by Aurelius Diarsipkan 2016-04-02 di Wayback Machine..
FlockDB - an open source distributed, fault-tolerant graph database based on MySQL and the Gizzard framework for managing Twitter-like graph data (single-hop relationships) FlockDB on GitHub Diarsipkan 2017-01-16 di Wayback Machine..
Giraph Diarsipkan 2013-03-29 di Wayback Machine. - a Graph processing infrastructure that runs on Hadoop (see Pregel).
GraphBase Diarsipkan 2014-11-25 di Wayback Machine. - Enterprise Edition supports embedding of callable Java Agents within the vertices of a distributed graph.
GoldenOrb Diarsipkan 2023-06-30 di Wayback Machine. - Pregel implementation built on top of Apache Hadoop
GraphLab Diarsipkan 2011-10-27 di Wayback Machine. - A framework for machine learning and data mining in the cloud
GraphX Diarsipkan 2022-12-21 di Wayback Machine. - GraphLab built on the Spark Diarsipkan 2023-07-03 di Wayback Machine. cluster computing system. Dr. Joseph Gonzalez is the project lead, the creator of GraphLab.
HipG Diarsipkan 2013-06-03 di Wayback Machine. - a library for high-level parallel processing of large-scale graphs. HipG is implemented in Java and is designed for distributed-memory machine
IBM System G Graph Analytics Toolkit Diarsipkan 2015-02-26 di Wayback Machine. - A comprehensive graph analytics library consisted of network topological analysis tools, graph matching and search tools, and graph path and flow tools. It has been applied to various use cases and industry solutions.
InfiniteGraph Diarsipkan 2023-06-01 di Wayback Machine. - a commercially available distributed graph database that supports parallel load and parallel queries.
JPregel Diarsipkan 2013-01-27 di Wayback Machine. - In-memory java based Pregel implementation
KDT Diarsipkan 2012-01-07 di Wayback Machine. - An open-source distributed graph library with a Python front-end and C++/MPI backend (Combinatorial BLAS Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine.).
OpenLink Virtuoso - the shared-nothing Cluster Edition supports distributed graph data processing.
Oracle Spatial and Graph Diarsipkan 2013-11-06 di Wayback Machine. - loading, inferencing, and querying workloads are automatically and transparently distributed across the nodes in an Oracle Real Application Cluster, Oracle Exadata Database Machine, and Oracle Database Appliance.
Phoebus Diarsipkan 2022-11-30 di Wayback Machine. - Pregel implementation written in Erlang
Pregel - Google's internal graph processing platform, released details in ACM paper.
Powergraph Diarsipkan 2014-02-09 di Wayback Machine. - Distributed graph-parallel computation on natural graphs.
PowerLyra Diarsipkan 2022-10-05 di Wayback Machine. - A distributed graph analytics based on GraphLab using differentiated graph computation and partitioning on skewed (e.g. power-law and bipartite) graphs (dynamically applying different computation and partition strategies for different vertices).
Cyclops Diarsipkan 2021-06-15 di Wayback Machine. - A computation and communication efficient graph processing system with significantly low communication cost.
Imitator Diarsipkan 2022-05-27 di Wayback Machine. - A reliable distributed graph processing system with replication-based fault-tolerance.
Sedge Diarsipkan 2015-02-25 di Wayback Machine. - A framework for distributed large graph processing and graph partition management (including an open source version of Google's Pregel)
Signal/Collect Diarsipkan 2016-06-12 di Wayback Machine. - a framework for parallel graph processing written in Scala
Sqrrl Enterprise - distributed graph processing utilizing Apache Accumulo and featuring cell-level security, massive scalability, and JSON support
Titan Diarsipkan 2013-02-12 di Wayback Machine. - A distributed, disk-based graph database developed by Aurelius Diarsipkan 2016-04-02 di Wayback Machine..
Trinity Diarsipkan 2016-06-05 di Wayback Machine. - Distributed in-memory graph engine under development at Microsoft Research Labs.
Parallel Boost Graph Library (PBGL) Diarsipkan 2023-03-25 di Wayback Machine. - a C++ library for graph processing on distributed machines, part of Boost framework.
Mizan Diarsipkan 2022-12-26 di Wayback Machine. - An optimized Pregel clone that can be deployed easily on Amazon EC2, local clusters, stand-alone Linux systems and supercomputers (IBM BlueGene/P). It utilizes runtime graph repartitioning between iterations to provide dynamic load balancing for better algorithm performance.^[16]
Weaver Diarsipkan 2020-01-20 di Wayback Machine. - A fast and scalable graph store designed specifically for dynamically-changing graphs

GPGPU Graph Processing

Medusa Diarsipkan 2016-01-24 di Wayback Machine. - A framework for graph processing using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) on both shared memory and distributed environments. Medusa allows users with no GPU programming expertise to leverage GPUs for graph processing.

APIs and Graph Query/Programming Languages

Bounds Language Diarsipkan 2014-11-28 di Wayback Machine. - terse C-style syntax which initiates concurrent traversals in GraphBase and supports interaction between them.
Blueprints Diarsipkan 2013-01-14 di Wayback Machine. - a Java API for Property Graphs from TinkerPop Diarsipkan 2017-07-10 di Wayback Machine. and supported by a few graph database vendors.
Blueprints.NET Diarsipkan 2023-08-08 di Wayback Machine. - a C#/.NET API for generic Property Graphs.
Bulbflow Diarsipkan 2022-01-20 di Wayback Machine. - a Python persistence framework for Rexster, Titan, and Neo4j Server.
Cypher Query Language Diarsipkan 2014-01-08 di Wayback Machine. - a declarative graph query language for Neo4j that enables ad hoc as well as programmatic (SQL-like) access to the graph
Gremlin Diarsipkan 2013-01-16 di Wayback Machine. - an open-source graph programming language that works over various graph database systems.
Neo4jClient Diarsipkan 2014-12-19 di Wayback Machine. - a .NET client for accessing Neo4j.
Neography Diarsipkan 2023-06-02 di Wayback Machine. - a thin Ruby wrapper that provides access to Neo4j via REST.
Neo4jPHP Diarsipkan 2022-06-21 di Wayback Machine. - a PHP library wrapping the Neo4j graph database.
NodeNeo4j Diarsipkan 2023-04-26 di Wayback Machine. - a Node.js driver for Neo4j that provides access to Neo4j via REST
Pacer Diarsipkan 2023-05-23 di Wayback Machine. - a Ruby dialect/implementation of the Gremlin graph traversal language.
Pipes Diarsipkan 2016-03-21 di Wayback Machine. - a lazy dataflow framework written in Java that forms the foundation for various property graph traversal languages.
Pixy Diarsipkan 2022-12-05 di Wayback Machine. - a declarative graph query language that works on any Blueprints-compatible graph database
PYBlueprints Diarsipkan 2016-03-04 di Wayback Machine. - a Python API for Property Graphs.
Pygr Diarsipkan 2016-08-09 di Wayback Machine. - a Python API for large-scale analysis of biological sequences and genomes, with alignments represented as graphs.
Rexster Diarsipkan 2013-12-21 di Wayback Machine. - a graph database server that provides a REST or binary protocol API (RexPro). Supports Titan, Neo4j, OrientDB, Dex, and any TinkerPop/Blueprints-enabled graph.
RDFSharp Diarsipkan 2017-12-23 di Wayback Machine. - a .NET API for modeling RDF graphs, storing them on many SQL databases (Firebird, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, SQLite) and querying them with SPARQL.
SPARQL - a query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework format.
SPASQL Diarsipkan 2023-06-01 di Wayback Machine. - an extension of the SQL standard, allowing execution of SPARQL queries within SQL statements, typically by treating them as subquery or function clauses. This also allows SPARQL queries to be issued through "traditional" data access APIs (ODBC, JDBC, OLE DB, ADO.NET, etc.)
Spring Data Neo4j Diarsipkan 2013-09-03 di Wayback Machine. - an extension to Spring Data Diarsipkan 2013-09-10 di Wayback Machine. (part of the Spring Framework), providing direct/native access to Neo4j
Oracle SQL and PL/SQL APIs Diarsipkan 2013-11-06 di Wayback Machine. - have graph extensions for Oracle Spatial and Graph.
Styx (previously named Pipes.Net) - a data flow framework for C#/.NET for processing generic graphs and Property Graphs.
Thunderdome Diarsipkan 2020-11-21 di Wayback Machine. - a Titan Rexster Object-Graph Mapper for Python (no longer maintained)
Mogwai Diarsipkan 2014-10-06 di Wayback Machine. - a Titan Rexster Object-Graph Mapper for Python - Forked from Thunderdome
Rexpro-Python Diarsipkan 2022-04-20 di Wayback Machine. - a Titan Rexpro connection handler for Python.

Lihat pula

NoSQL
Document-oriented database
Structured storage
Object database
Resource Description Framework (RDF) - framework to express node-edge graphs
Graph transformation for a complementary topic (rule based in memory manipulation of graphs instead of transaction safe persistence).
RDF Database

Referensi

^ Robinson, Ian (2015). Graph Databases: New Opportunities for Connected Data. ISBN 978-1-491-93200-1.{{cite book}}: Pemeliharaan CS1: Status URL (link)
^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2013-03-02. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-19. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ ^a ^b "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2017-05-04. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-19. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2012-01-01. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-19. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ "JanusGraph storage backends". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-10-02. Diakses tanggal 2018-10-01.
^ "JanusGraph index storages". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-10-02. Diakses tanggal 2018-10-01.
^ [1] Diarsipkan 2022-01-20 di Wayback Machine. Retrieved Aug 7, 2014.
^ [2] Retrieved Aug 7, 2014.
^ [3] Diarsipkan 2023-06-03 di Wayback Machine. Retrieved Aug 7, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "neo4j.org". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2014-10-15. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-19. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ Neo4j, World’s Leading Graph Database Diarsipkan 2014-08-31 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
^ DB-Engines Ranking of Graph DBMS Diarsipkan 2019-03-08 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
^ Orly, Graph Database Diarsipkan 2022-05-28 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
^ OpenLink Software. "Clustering Deployment Architecture Diagrams for Virtuoso (Release 6 and later, Commercial Edition only)". Virtuoso Open-Source Wiki. OpenLink Software. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2023-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2014-05-01. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2023-08-03. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-19. {{cite web}}: ( )
^ http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2465369