Acylation stimulating protein Protein in humans
Complement 3 (C3) through its interaction with factors B and D (adipsin ) generates C3a . In the human body, C3a is rapidly cleaved by carboxypeptidase B or carbxyopeptidase N , that remove the carboxyl-terminal arginine to generate C3adesArg.[ 1] ASP or acylation-stimulating-protein due to its marked stimulating action on triacylglycerol synthesis in human adipocytes and skin fibroblasts .[ 2] glucose transport and inhibiting action on hormone-sensitive lipase . Because of these actions, it is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity ,[ 3] [ 4] diabetes mellitus type 2 [ 5] coronary artery disease .[ 6]
ASP lis a ligand for C5L2 , a G-protein -coupled receptor.[ 7]
The view of C3a/C3adesArg as an acylation stimulating activity is not universally accepted. The evidence is discussed in a recent review.[ 8]
References
^ Baldo et al. 1993 , pp. 1543–1547^ Cianflone et al. , pp. 426–430^ (Sniderman, Maslowska & Cianflone 2000 , pp. 291–296)
^ Maslowska et al. 1999 , pp. 679–686^ Koistinen et al. 2001 , pp. 1034–1039^ Cianflone et al. 1997 , pp. 1239–1244^ Cui et al. 2009 , pp. 3207–3217^ Klos A, Wende E, Wareham KJ, Monk PN (2013). "International Union of Pharmacology. LXXXVII. Complement peptide C5a, C4a, and C3a receptors" . Pharmacol. Rev . 65 (1): 500– 43. doi :10.1124/pr.111.005223 PMID 23383423 .
Further reading
Baldo, A; Sniderman, A D; St-Luce, S; Avramoglu, R K; Maslowska, M; Hoang, B; Monge, J C; Bell, A; Mulay, S; Cianflone, K (1993). "The adipsin-acylation stimulating protein system and regulation of intracellular triglyceride synthesis" . Journal of Clinical Investigation . 92 (3): 1543– 1547. doi :10.1172/JCI116733 . PMC 288301 PMID 8376604 . Cianflone, Katherine M.; Sniderman, Allan D.; Walsh, Mark J.; Vu, Hai T.; Gagnon, Jean; Rodriguez, Miguel A. (1989). "Purification and Characterization of Acylation Stimulating Protein" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 264 (1): 426– 30. doi :10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31275-9 PMID 2909530 . Cianflone, K.; Zhang, XJ; Genest Jr, J; Sniderman, A (July 1997). "Plasma acylation-stimulating protein in coronary artery disease" . Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 17 (7): 1239– 44. doi :10.1161/ATVB.17v07.1239 PMID 9261252 . Cui, Wei; Lapointe, Marc; Gauvreau, Danny; Kalant, David; Cianflone, Katherine (October 2009). "Recombinant C3adesArg/acylation stimulating protein (ASP) is highly bioactive: a critical evaluation of C5L2 binding and 3T3-L1 adipocyte activation". Mol Immunol . 46 (16): 3207– 17. doi :10.1016/j.molimm.2009.08.013 . PMID 19767107 . Sniderman, Allan D.; Maslowska, Magdalena; Cianflone, Katherine (2000). "Of mice and men (and women) and the acylation-stimulating protein pathway". Current Opinion in Lipidology . 11 (3): 291– 6. doi :10.1097/00041433-200006000-00010 . PMID 10882345 . Maslowska, M; Vu, H; Phelis, S; Sniderman, AD; Rhode, BM; Blank, D; Cianflone, K (1999). "Plasma acylation stimulating protein, adipsin and lipids in non-obese and obese populations". European Journal of Clinical Investigation . 29 (8): 679– 86. doi :10.1046/j.1365-2362.1999.00514.x . PMID 10457151 . S2CID 19694467 . Koistinen, Heikki A.; Vidal, Hubert; Karonen, Sirkka-Liisa; Dusserre, Eric; Vallier, Paulette; Koivisto, Veikko A.; Ebeling, Pertti (2001). "Plasma Acylation Stimulating Protein Concentration and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue C3 mRNA Expression in Nondiabetic and Type 2 Diabetic Men" . Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology . 21 (6): 1034– 9. doi :10.1161/01.atv.21.6.1034 PMID 11397716 .
