Comechingón language

Comechingón
Comechingón
Native to	Argentina
Region	Cordoba Province (Argentina), San Luis Province
Ethnicity	Comechingón
Extinct	(date missing)
Language family	unclassified (Huarpean?; Cacán?) Comechingón;
Dialects	Henia; Camiare;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	None
	Pre-contact distribution of Comechingón

Comechingón is an extinct language, formerly spoken in Argentina by the Comechingón. It is poorly attested, with only a few words known with confidence.^[2] It is believed to be either a member of the Huarpean languages,^[1] or be related to Cacán.^[2] Links have also been made with the supposed language isolate Sanavirón.^[3] The absence of Comechingón language data makes determination of its true linguistic affinity impossible.^[4]

Comechingón is considered to have two dialects, corresponding to the two subdivisions of the Comechingón people, Henia and Camiare.^[3]

Comechingón is believed to have exerted an influence on the Cordobés Spanish dialect currently found where it once was spoken.^[5]^[6]

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists one vocabulary word for the Henia dialect:^[3]

English	Henia
bird	lemin^[a]

The following are some roots without any known meaning:^[7]^[8]

Henia	Camiare
	canta
	chita
cavi
quili	cala
tala, cala	olma
	chili
	chira
toc, toco^[b]	loc, toc
pitin
	pira
canta	canta, cante
pichi
	toc

Some more Comechingón words with meanings:^[2]^[7]

English	Henia	Camiare
village^[c]	henen, henin,^[d] hen, pitin
cacique	naguan, acan, nave	nave, navira
fish	lemin	luimin
house	butos
landmark ?	tica
river	san
nipple ?	chi
boulder ?	cara
irrigation ditch	mampa

Notes

^ actually the word for '(caught) fish'
^ because loc toc was a surname in Guaypulo
^ Not in the sense of city, but rather in that of an ayllu.
^ with different dialectal forms

References

^ ^a ^b Canals Frau, Salvador (1944-04-18). "El grupo Huarpe-Comechingón". Anales del Instituto de Etnografía Americana (Año 1944, Tomo 5).
^ ^a ^b ^c "Lenguas Comechingona y Sanavirona". pueblosoriginarios.com. Retrieved 2025-02-27.
^ ^a ^b ^c Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Internet Archive. Los Angeles : University of California, Latin American Center.
^ Campbell, Lyle (2024-06-25), "Indigenous Languages of South America", The Indigenous Languages of the Americas (1 ed.), Oxford University PressNew York, pp. 182–279, doi:10.1093/oso/9780197673461.003.0004, ISBN 978-0-19-767346-1, retrieved 2025-05-25
^ Álvarez, Luis Rodolfo (December 2003). "6". The aboriginal languages (testimony of our roots). Córdoba, Argentina: Alción Editora. p. 136. OCLC 56013441.
^ "The Córdoba tune and its Comechingón origin". La Mañana de Córdoba. July 6, 2011. Archived from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
^ ^a ^b Serrano, Antonio (1944). "EL IDIOMA DE LOS COMECHINGONES y SANAVIRONES" (PDF). Boletin de la Academia Argentina de Letras.
^ Serrano, Antonio (1945). Los Comechingones (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. p. 322.

[7] tually the word for '(caught) fish'

[10] use loc toc was a surname in Guaypulo

[11] Not in the sense of city, but rather in that of an ayllu.

[12] with different dialectal forms

[:9-1] Canals Frau, Salvador (1944-04-18). "El grupo Huarpe-Comechingón". Anales del Instituto de Etnografía Americana (Año 1944, Tomo 5).

[:4-2] "Lenguas Comechingona y Sanavirona". pueblosoriginarios.com. Retrieved 2025-02-27.

[:5-3] Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Internet Archive. Los Angeles : University of California, Latin American Center.

[4] Campbell, Lyle (2024-06-25), "Indigenous Languages of South America", The Indigenous Languages of the Americas (1 ed.), Oxford University PressNew York, pp. 182–279, doi:10.1093/oso/9780197673461.003.0004, ISBN 978-0-19-767346-1, retrieved 2025-05-25

[5] Álvarez, Luis Rodolfo (December 2003). "6". The aboriginal languages (testimony of our roots). Córdoba, Argentina: Alción Editora. p. 136. OCLC 56013441.

[6] "The Córdoba tune and its Comechingón origin". La Mañana de Córdoba. July 6, 2011. Archived from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved April 6, 2014.

[:6-8] Serrano, Antonio (1944). "EL IDIOMA DE LOS COMECHINGONES y SANAVIRONES" (PDF). Boletin de la Academia Argentina de Letras.

[9] Serrano, Antonio (1945). Los Comechingones (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. p. 322.

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Comechingón language

Vocabulary

Notes

References

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