System composed of non-physical objects, i.e. ideas or concepts
A conceptual system is a system of abstract concepts, of various kinds.[A] The abstract concepts can range "from numbers, to emotions, and from social roles, to mental states ..".[A] These abstract concepts are themselves grounded in multiple systems.[A][a] In psychology, a conceptual system is an individual's mental model of the world; in cognitive science the model is gradually diffused to the scientific community; in a society the model can become an institution.[b] In humans, a conceptual system may be understood as kind of a metaphor for the world.[3] A belief system is composed of beliefs; Jonathan Glover, following Meadows (2008)[a] suggests that tenets of belief, once held by tenants, are surprisingly difficult for the tenants to reverse, or to unhold, tenet by tenet.[14][15][9][10]
Example of a conceptual system: Earth and its Moon (as seen from Mars).[c]
In technology, Chiplets are tiny hardware subsystem implementations of SoCs (systems on a chip) which can be interconnected into larger, or more responsive surroundings.
Packaging SoCs into small hardware multi-chip packages allows more effective functions which confer a competitive advantage in economics, wars, or politics.[26]
The thermohaline circulation can occur from the deep oceans to the ocean's surface.[citation needed] But the waters can mix; the thermohaline circulation from surface of the ocean to the deep ocean occurs only in restricted parts of the world ocean in a thousand-year cycle.[citation needed]
^ abcThe theme of the issue on Varieties of abstract concepts (18 June 2018) is "grounded in sensorimotor systems, linguistic, emotional, and social experiences".[1] Section 3a of the 5 Aug 2018 issue is "grounding of abstract concepts in multiple systems" (such as sociality, linguistics, perceptionaction, interoception, and metacognitionSee figure 1).[1]
^Geoffrey Hodgson calls institutions "integrated systems of rules that structure social interactions".[2]
^Earth and Moon form a binary system whose barycenter lies within Earth itself. The effect on Earth's trajectory is observed as a "wobble" of an otherwise elliptical orbit of Earth around the Sun.
^Large language models (LLMs) are allowing mathematicians to revisit mathematical proofs which they have already written. These LLMs are mechanical 'proof whiners'; the LLMs provide line-by-line feedback to the mathematicians, which highlight the parts of the proof which the mathematicians need to rewrite so that the proof assistants can get past roadblocks.[23] This deep introspection allows the mathematicians deeper insight into their proofs.[23][24]
^Meadows (2008)[9][10] noted that systems could be resilient, and surprising. They can display §emergent abilities which can confer a relative advantage, temporarily. Terence Tao noted that it helps when the robots are cute and non-threatening.[24]
