Tanzania's first president, Julius Nyerere also was one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement, and, during the Cold War era, Tanzania played an important role in regional and international organisations, such as the Non-Aligned Movement, the front-line states, the G-77, and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) (now the African Union). One of Africa's best-known elder statesmen, Nyerere was personally active in many of these organisations, and served chairman of the OAU (1984–85) and chairman of six front-line states concerned with eliminating apartheid in Southern Africa. Nyerere was also involved with peace negotiations in Burundi until his death. Nyerere's death, on 14 October 1999, is still commemorated annually.
Tanzania, officially known as the United Republic of Tanzania, enjoys good relations with its neighbours in the region and in recent years has been an active participant in efforts to promote the peaceful resolution of disputes. Tanzania is helping to broker peace talks to end conflict in Burundi and supports the Lusaka agreement concerning the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In March 1996, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya revived discussion of economic and regional cooperation. These talks culminated with the signing of an East African Cooperation Treaty in September 1999, which should in time lead to economic integration through the development of the East African Community. Tanzania is the only country in East Africa which also is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC).
Historically, Tanzania has played an active role in hosting refugees from neighbouring countries including Mozambique, DR Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda. This normally has been done in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Tanzania maintains diplomatic relations with:
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965 when accredited first Ambassador of Rwanda to Tanzania (resident in Kampala) Mr. Musabyimana Malachie[29]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[134]
The U.S. Government provides assistance to Tanzania to support programs in the areas of health, environment, democracy, and development of the private sector. The U.S. Agency for International Development's program in Tanzania averages about $20 million per year. The Peace Corps program, revitalised in 1979, provides assistance in education through the provision of teachers. Peace Corps also is assisting in health and environment sectors. Currently, about 147 volunteers are serving in Tanzania. First Lady Laura Bush visited Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar in mid-July 2005.
China established diplomatic relations with Tanganyika and Zanzibar on 9 December 1961 and 11 December 1963 respectively.[2] When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, it is natural for China to extend its diplomatic ties with it.[137] Tanzania has had good relations with the People's Republic of China over the past 30 years, recently receiving the Chinese president (February 2009). This relationship is linked with bi-lateral co-operation including the TAZARA Railway project on the Tanzanian mainland.
China has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Zanzibar.
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 December 1961.[141] Tanzania broke off diplomatic relations with Israel 19 October 1973.[142] Diplomatic relations were re-establish on 24 February 1995.[143]
Israel is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
Diplomatic relations between Japan and Tanganyika were established on Tanganyika independence of 9 December 1961 . When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, diplomatic ties were automatically extended to cover the union.
Tanzania officially recognised Palestine as a sovereign state on 24 November 1988.[145] In October 2011, Tanzanian Foreign Minister Bernard Membe affirmed that his country would give everything required to support Palestine in gaining membership within the United Nations and any other international organisation.[146]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1992[147]
High-level Exchanges 1994 May Special Envoy of the President Han Wan-sang 1994 October Special Envoy of the President Hong Soon-young 1999 April Minister for Trade Han Duck-soo 2005 January Minister of Foreign Affairs and TradeBan Ki-moon 2005 December Special Envoy oh the President Kwon Jin-ho 2006 May Minister of Foreign Affairs and TradeBan Ki-moon 2009 March Chairman of Korea Foundation Lim Sung-jun 2009 August Chairman of Truth and Reconciliation Commission Ahn Byung-wook 2010 May Deputy Prime Minister Park Young-joon.[148]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1963 when accredited first Ambassador of Turkey to Tanganyika (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Mehmed Osman Dostel.[149]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 March 1962 when first Ambassador of the Netherlands to Tanganyika (resident in Khartoum) presented his credentials[16]
The United Kingdom is accredited to Tanzania through its high commission in Dar es Salaam.[155]
The UK governed Tanganyika from 1916 to 1961, when Tanganyika achieved full independence; the UK governed Zanzibar from 1890 to 1963, when Zanzibar achieved full independence. Both countries unified on 26 April 1964 to become Tanzania.
Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,[156] and a High Level Prosperity Partnership.[157]
International trips made by presidents of Tanzania
Countries by Magufuli visited during his presidency 2015-2021
John Magufuli made a 10 International trips to 8 countries during his presidency. Magufuli famously was the first Tanzania president to not travel outside of Africa. The president cracked down on large foreign delegations and usually sent his Vice-President Samia Suluhu Hassan to represent him. The president served six years and made the least international official visits than any of his predecessors.
All his visits were bilateral except he attended one African Union Heads of State Summit in Ethiopia and another East African Community heads of state summit in Uganda.
Countries visited by Samia Suluhu during her presidency
Samia Suluhu made her first international trip in April 2021 since she began her presidency on 19 March 2021. Once president she aimed to regain the country's former position in the international community and began to embark on foreign trips.
^ abcList of Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1967. p. 2.
^Directory of Officials of the People's Republic of Albania. CIA. 1974. pp. 5–7.
^Cahiers de l'Orient contemporain Volume 23 (in French). G.P. Maisonneuve. 1966. p. 45. ... 13 septembre ETABLISSEMENT DE RELATIONS DIPLOMATIQUES, au rang d'ambassade, avec la Tanzanie et le Niger ( Ba'th, 14 septembre )
^"Diplomatic and Consular List"(PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. March 2020. pp. 4–8. Archived from the original(PDF) on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^List of Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1967. p. 2. Pakistan H.E. Mr. M. R. Ahmed 20.2.67
^Maghreb: Documents: Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie - Issues 31-35 (in French). Centre d'étude des relations internationales (France). Section Afrique du nord, France. Direction de la documentation. 1969. p. 27.
^Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Protocol Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1970. p. 2.
^ abSummary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3269-3342. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1970.
^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1970. p. 1636.
^Trinidad and Tobago Gazette - Volume 12, Issues 1-172. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973. p. 213.
^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1971. p. 2279.
^Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1976. p. 1. Botswana H.E. MR. E.M. Ontumetse 29.11.71 (Resident in Lusaka)
^Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1976. p. 1. Greece H.E. MR. Michael Mouzas 29.11.71 (Resident in Nairobi)
^D.G. Lavroff (1973). L'Afrique dans le monde (in French). Editions A. Pedone. p. 665. 8 janvier. — La Tanzanie et Etat des Emirats arabes unis ont décidé de nouer des relations diplomatiques au niveau des ambassadeurs.
^ARR Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1973. p. 32.
^Enciclopedia de México (in Spanish). Vol. 13. 1987. p. 7553.
^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1973. p. 2834.
^Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1976. p. 2. Swaziland H.E. MR. S.M. Kunene 20.2.74
^Le Mois en Afrique - Issues 170-179 (in French). 1980. p. 121.
^Schwartz, Richard, 1954- (2001). Coming to terms : Zimbabwe in the international arena. London; New York : I.B. Tauris. p. 65.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"Etat des Relations". Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti (in French). Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
^Studia diplomatica Volume 35 (in English, French, and Dutch). Institut royal des relations internationales, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche indépendant. 1982. p. 161. Tanzanie - United Republic of Tanzania B - E H.E.Mr. MULOKOZI , Ernest Abel , Amb . to Brussels ( Oct. 7 , 1980- ) ... to Luxembourg ( Dec. 14 , 1980 )
^"Hungary to Support Tanzania Industry". tanzaniainvest.com. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2025. Other ambassadors who presented their credentials are ... the Ambassador of Niger Hon. Adam Maiga Zakariaoum ...