Lord of Glyndyfrdwy and Lord of Cynllaith Owain
Coat of arms of Glyndyfrdwy , from which Gruffudd Fychan II inherited the barony and estates Gruffudd Fychan II was Lord of Glyndyfrdwy and Lord of Cynllaith Owain c.1330–1369. As such, he had a claim to be hereditary Prince of Powys Fadog ,[ 1] : 134 House of Mathrafal . His son, Owain Glyndwr , started the Welsh Revolt and became Prince of Wales .
Ancestry
Gruffydd Fychan II was born to Lord Gruffydd ap Madog of Rhythallt , and Elizabeth Lestrange, daughter of baron John le Strange of Knockin Castle , a direct descendant of Charlemagne .[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] Alice de Lacy , the widow of Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster , member of the royal House of Lancaster , and one of the richest man of his time.[ 2]
Gruffudd's great-granduncles were crusader Hamo le Strange , who was protected by the Sultan of Egypt Baybars ; he also married the Queen of Cyprus, Isabella , of the House of Ibelin , while the other was Roger le Strange, Baron Strange , who was a royal advisor to king Edward I of England , and Constable of Castle Dinas Bran , Gruffudd's family ancestral seat.[ 2] [ 5]
His great-grandaunt, Lady Hawise , married his third cousin, prince Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn , member of the House of Mathrafal and builder of Powis Castle .[ 6]
Gruffudd's grandfather or great-grandfather was the hereditary prince Madog Crypl of Powys Fadog , son of prince Gruffudd Fychan I .[ 7] [ 3] [ 4] Glyndyfrdwy and Cynllaith Owain in Powys Fadog, once held in its entirety by his ancestor, prince Gruffydd Maelor II .[ 4]
Marriage
Plas Newydd, near Llangollen , in Denbighshire, with Powys Fadog's Castell Dinas Bran at the top of the hill Gruffudd Fychan II was married to Elen (Eleanor), great-granddaughter of Eleanor Plantagenet , the daughter of King Edward Longshanks and Queen Eleanor of Castile , members of the Royal House of Plantagenet and Ivrea .[ 8] [ 9] Eleanor of Provence , she was a descendant of Frozza Orseolo , member of the Venetian House of Orseolo , which included Orso Ipato , the first Doge of Venice historically known.
Elen's father, Thomas ap Llywelyn, Representative of the last sovereign Princes of South Wales, was Lord of South Wales .[ 10] [ 11] [ 12] Marged ferch Tomos , became the wife of Tudur ap Goronwy , of the Tudors of Penmynydd , and the grandmother of Sir Owen Tudor , who gave his name to the House of Tudor .
Her father's cousins included Eleanor (died 1332), who married to Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine , son of Elisabeth of Habsburg . Their son and grandson married with the House of Este and the House of Visconti , through the powerful Lord of Milan, Bernabò Visconti .
Her grandmother, Eleanor of Bar , was a niece of Isabelle of Lorraine and Matthias of Lorraine, members of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine .[ 13] [ 14] [ 15] Robert II, Duke of Burgundy , and Princess Agnes of France , Eleanor's in-laws included the Royal families of Edward, Count of Savoy , of the House of Savoy , King Louis X of the House of Capet , and King Philip VI of the House of Valois , among others.[ 16]
Children
View towards Llansanfraid Bridge in Glyndyfrdwy in Wales Gruffudd Fychan II and Elen (Eleanor) had issue:
Madog, died young
Owain ap Gruffudd , later known as Owain Glyndŵr , proclaimed Prince of Wales and leader of the Welsh Revolt in September 1400 which lasted to 1412 or 1416. He married Margaret Hanmer , daughter of Sir David Hanmer and had issue. Their daughter Catrin married Sir Edmund Mortimer , member of the Royal family of England. His great-uncle was prince John of Gaunt , son of King Edward of Windsor .Lowry, married Robert Puleston , and had issue. Their son Roger became Deputy Constable of Denbigh Castle to Jasper Tudor , Duke of Bedford, member of the House of Tudor . Jasper Tudor was his first cousin.
Isabel ferch Gruffudd, married Adda ap Iorwerth Ddu, and had issue.
Gruffudd
Tudur ap Gruffudd , Lord of Gwyddelwern, was a leader and Commander in the Welsh Revolt against Henry V and his father , members of the House of Lancaster . His daughter became the heir of his brother Owain, Prince of Wales, and his grandson Baron Ellis ap Griffith , became the founder of the House of Yale (Yale family).[ 17] [ 18] [ 19] The children of Gruffudd Fychan II and Elen were all first cousins of Sir Owen Tudor , Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond , Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford , and the first Tudor monarch, King Henry VII of England .[ 20]
Death
He was buried at the Church of St. Asaph & St Cyndeyrn in Llanasa where the remains of his tomb can be seen today.
References
^ Gower, Jon (9 February 2012). The Story of Wales ISBN 978-1-4464-1710-2 ^ a b c LeStrange records; a chronicle of the early LeStranges of Norfolk and the March of Wales A.D. 1100-1310 , London, New York, 1916, p. 254^ a b Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families, with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire, and Other Parts , John Edwards Griffith, Bridge Books, W. K. Morton & Sons, Loncolnshire, England, January 1914, p. 282^ a b c Pierce, T. J., (1959). from OWAIN GLYNDWR (c. 1354 - 1416), 'Prince of Wales' . Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 4 Mar 2024
^ Calendar of Welsh Rolls, p.183.
^ Linda Mitchell, Portraits of Medieval Women, p. 69
^ J. E. Lloyd, Owen Glendower: Owen Glyn Dŵr (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1931), 9-15.
^ "The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with Pedigrees of Royal Descents in Illustration" (PDF) . Sir Bernard Burke, C.B., LL.D., Ulster King of Arms. 1876. p. 51.^ Burke, John Bernard (1844). "Heraldic illustrations, by J. And J. B. Burke" . p. 23. ^ Lloyd, 16-17
^ "The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with Pedigrees of Royal Descents in Illustration" (PDF) . Sir Bernard Burke, C.B., LL.D., Ulster King of Arms. 1876. p. 51.^ Burke, John Bernard (1844). "Heraldic illustrations, by J. And J. B. Burke" . p. 23. ^ Vale, Malcolm (2001). The Princely Court: Medieval Courts and Culture in North-West Europe, 1270–1380. Oxford University Press.
^ (FR)Jean-Luc Fray, Villes et bourgs de Lorraine: réseaux urbains et centralité au Moyen Âge, (Presses Universitaires Blaise-Pascal, 2007), 270.
^ Bubenicek, Michelle (2002). Quand les femmes gouvernent: droit et politique au XIVe siècle (in French). Ecole de Chartes.
^ Bubenicek, Michelle (2002). Quand les femmes gouvernent: droit et politique au XIVe siècle:Yolande de Flandre, Droit et politique au XIV siecle. Ecole des Chartes. page 54-55
^ Rodney Horace Yale (1908). "Yale genealogy and history of Wales. The British kings and princes. Life of Owen Glyndwr. Biographies of Governor Elihu Yale" . Milburn and Scott company. p. 7. ^ Burke, Bernard (1852). "A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland for 1852" . ^ Burke, Bernard (1886). "A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland" . pp. 2060– 2061. ^ What is a Second Cousin , "see House of Tudor#Patrilineal_descent , First cousin once removed to First cousin thrice removed
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