A horizontal bicolor of equal bands of blue and red, with a white equilateral chevron spanning the width of the hoist. Within the chevron are three five-pointed stars (fixed on each of the vertices), and a sun with eight major rays (set in the center), all in yellow.
The Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines (Republic Act. 8491, s. 1998) specifies the colors for the blue field Cable No. 80173; the white field, Cable No. 80001; the red field, Cable No. 80108; and the golden-yellow Stars and Sun, Cable No. 80068. The colors were introduced in the same year that the Centennial celebrations were to take place.[1][2][3]
Coat of arms of the Armed Forces of the Philippines on a triband field that consists the color: navy blue, dark blue, and army green that represents the 3 main branches of the Philippine Armed Forces.
White flag with a blue and red star on the horizontal median line.
Regional flags
Among the country's 17 regions, only the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao has its own officially legislated regional flag. The purported flag of the Cordillera Administrative Region — which has no elected regional government that could legally specify the details of the reported emblem — has not been attested.[4]
A horizontal tricolor of equal blue (top), white (middle) and red (bottom) stripes. Top stripe bears one yellow five-pointed star; the middle stripe, a green circle filled with yellow elements — a tilted crescent moon nearly enclosing four smaller five-pointed stars; the bottom stripe, a silver kris.[5] The number of smaller stars, meant to represent the number of the region's constituent provinces, has de facto varied from four (1992–2001), to five (2001–2006), to six (2006–2008) to five again (2006–2019), but because the flag specifications contained within the 1992 law (Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 12) were not amended the original flag remained the only de jure official design.[6]
A horizontal tricolor of equal green (top), white (middle) and red (bottom) stripes. Charge in the center of the middle stripe is a yellow crescent moon enclosing a seven-pointed star.[7]
A horizontal bicolor of green (top) and yellow (bottom), centered upon which is a charge consisting of a Cordillera warrior shield bearing the CAR Regional Development Council (RDC) logo adopted in 1988, when Kalinga–Apayao was still a single province.[4]
Like the flags of most Philippine provinces, flags of cities and municipalities usually just bear the seal of the municipality or city on a single or multi colored field, but there are some municipal or city flags that differ from the standard. All municipalities in the province of Camarines Norte and Aklan bear flags that differ from the standard.
Blue and green horizontal stripes with a white canton bearing a sun surrounded by 14 stars. Adopted on June 9, 2003 through Municipal Council Resolution No. 2003-315.[8]
The flag of the British East India Company before 1810: A flag with red and white stripes with the Kingdom of Great Britain's Union Flag as a canton. The Union flag bears red cross on a white field, commonly called St George's Cross, superimposed on a white saltire on a blue field, known as St Andrew's Cross. Also known as the "King's Colours".
Three horizontal stripes of red, weld-yellow and red, the centre stripe being twice as wide as each red stripe with arms in the first third of the weld-yellow stripe. The arms are crowned and vertically divided, the left red field with a tower representing Castille, the right white field with a lion representing León.
Three horizontal stripes: red, weld-yellow and red, the yellow strip being twice as wide as each red stripe with arms in the first third of the yellow stripe. Royal crown removed from arms.
The flag of the Kingdom of Spain used prior to the First Spanish Republic was reinstated.
Philippine Revolution – First Philippine Republic
1898–1901
The flag design was conceived by PresidentEmilio Aguinaldo. The exact shade of blue is debated; many variants were used by subsequent governments.
Sewn by Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad in Hong Kong and first flown in battle on May 28, 1898. It was formally unfurled during the Proclamation of Philippine Independence and the flag of the First Philippine Republic, on June 12, 1898 by President Aguinaldo. It contains a mythical sun (with a face) similar to the Sun of May in other former Spanish colonies; the triangle of Freemasonry; the eight rays representing eight rebellious provinces of the Philippines first placed under martial law by the Governor-General. Some flags carry the Spanish texts: Fuerzas Expedicionarias del Norte de Luzon on its obverse and Libertad Justicia e Ygualdad on its reverse, which means "Northern Luzon Expeditionary Forces" and "Liberty, Justice, and Equality" respectively.
American and Commonwealth Period (1898–1946)
1898–1908
Used while under direct administration from the United States of America.
The Philippine Commission, passed Act No. 1697 or the Flag Law of 1907, which outlawed the display of the Philippine flag and replaced the country's flag to the stars and stripes of the United States of America. The same law prohibited the playing of the national anthem. Thirteen horizontal stripes of alternating red and white representing the original Thirteen Colonies; in the canton, white stars on a blue field, the number of stars increased as the United States expanded its territory.
From October 30, 1919,[9] two flags were flown in the Philippines: the American flag and the flag conceived by Emilio Aguinaldo which was made the national flag of the Philippines with the repealing of Act No. 1697.[10]
The American flag remained unchanged since 1919. For the Philippine flag, the design conceived by Emilio Aguinaldo remained but the shades of blue and red were adopted from the American flag. The sun's face was removed, but its stylized rays were retained. There existed many versions of the flag as no official design had been codified.
1936–1946
Specifications standardized; Defined under Executive Order No. 23, s. 1936 which was signed on March 25, 1936. The de facto shade of blue used was Cable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" by the Reference Guide of the Textile Color Card Association of the United States.[11] The triangle was made equilateral and the sun's rays were also further simplified, achieving its present form. Also used by the Commonwealth government-in-exile from 1942 to 1945.
Emilio Aguinaldo's flag was hoisted upon proclamation of the Second Republic. However, the design as used by the Commonwealth remained.
Sovereignty (1946–present)
1946–1985
Following independence, the 1936 design specifications standardized by President Manuel L. Quezon sported a shade of blue currently called National Flag Blue. Initially having de facto standing, it was officially adopted in 1955. In 1985, the shade of blue was updated to Oriental Blue, this change would later be rescinded in favor of pre-1985 National Flag Blue.[12] In 1998, the flag gained its present definitive shade of blue currently called Royal Blue.
Defined under Executive Order No. 23, s. 1936 dated March 25, 1936. The shade of blue used here is Cable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" by the Reference Guide of the Textile Color Card Association of the United States. The particular shade of blue had de facto standing until January 24, 1955, when President Ramón Magsaysay upon the recommendation of the Philippine Heraldry Committee (PHC) officially adopted Cable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" as the official shade of blue to be used.[13][14]
1985–1986
Executive Order No. 1010, s. 1985 was issued by President Ferdinand E. Marcos on February 25, 1985 instructing the National Historical Institute (NHI) "to restore the original color of the First Philippine Flag" amidst debate on the shade used in the original flag. The executive order declared that "the shade of the color blue was lighter than the present dark blue". The executive order did not specify a shade of blue to be adopted. A de facto version of the flag which featured a light blue was used in April 1985 despite NHI not having announced its recommendation. The NHI in May 1985, adopted Cable No. 80176 or "Oriental Blue" for the new national flag.[15]
1986–1998
1936 version of the flag restored after the 1986 People Power Revolution. President Corazon C. Aquino restored the pre-1985 National Flag Blue specifications of the flag through Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987 which was signed on July 25, 1987.[16]
The coat of arms of the Philippine Commonwealth against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1946–1947
The coat of arms of the Philippines against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1947–1951
The presidential arms (minus the circle of stars) against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1951–1979
The 1948 design, with the four golden stars replaced by a ring of golden stars. The number of stars theoretically changed as the number of provinces changed.[17]
1980–1986
The flag's shade became a lighter blue, and the red triangle was inverted. The sea-lion was replaced by a golden eagle, bearing three branches and arrows, and the ring of stars were changed to white.
1986–2004
The coat of arms of the president of the Philippines with white as the color of the stars against a light blue field.
"...it was two "varas" long and a trifle more narrow; at each corner it had a two-headed eagle, and in the center an escutcheon with its border, and within it the Arms of the Dominican Order..."[18]
^"The Philippine National Flag"(PDF). Monuments and Heraldry division, National Historical institute. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from the original(PDF) on January 27, 2012.
^"Today in History". Presidential Museum and Library. October 30, 2013. Archived from the original on May 10, 2016. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
^"Act No. 1696, s. 1907". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Supreme Court Library. August 23, 1907. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021). "1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021). "1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021). "1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021). "1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
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