Write once, run anywhere

Write once, run anywhere (WORA), or sometimes Write once, run everywhere (WORE), was a 1995^[1] slogan created by Sun Microsystems to illustrate the cross-platform benefits of the Java programming language.^[2]^[3] Ideally, this meant that a Java program could be developed on any device, compiled into standard bytecode, and be expected to run on any device equipped with a Java virtual machine (JVM). The installation of a JVM or Java interpreter on chips, devices, or software packages became an industry standard practice.

The catch is that since there are multiple JVM implementations, on top of a wide variety of different operating systems, there could be subtle differences in how a program executes on each JVM/OS combination, possibly requiring an application to be tested on each target platform. This gave rise to a joke among Java developers: Write once, debug everywhere.^[4]

In comparison, the Squeak Smalltalk programming language and environment boasts of being truly write once, run anywhere,^[5] because it runs bit-identical images across its wide portability base.^[6]

References

^ "Write once, run anywhere?". ComputerWeekly.com. Retrieved 2022-10-05.
^ "JavaSoft ships Java 1.0". Sun Microsystems. 1996-01-23. Archived from the original on 2007-03-10. Java's write-once-run-everywhere capability along with its easy accessibility have propelled the software and Internet communities to embrace it as the de facto standard for writing applications for complex networks
^ "Write once, run anywhere?". Computer Weekly. 2002-05-02. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
^ Wong, William (2002-05-27). "Write Once, Debug Everywhere". electronicdesign.com. Retrieved 2013-02-04. So far, the "Write-once, run-everywhere" promise of Java hasn't come true. The bulk of a Java application will migrate between most Java implementations, but taking advantage of a VM-specific feature causes porting problems.
^ "Welcome To Squeak". Squeak. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
^ "Back to the Future The Story of Squeak, A Practical Smalltalk Written in Itself". Dan Ingalls Ted Kaehler John Maloney Scott Wallace Alan Kay. Retrieved 5 May 2015.

[1] "Write once, run anywhere?". ComputerWeekly.com. Retrieved 2022-10-05.

[2] "JavaSoft ships Java 1.0". Sun Microsystems. 1996-01-23. Archived from the original on 2007-03-10. Java's write-once-run-everywhere capability along with its easy accessibility have propelled the software and Internet communities to embrace it as the de facto standard for writing applications for complex networks

[3] "Write once, run anywhere?". Computer Weekly. 2002-05-02. Retrieved 2009-07-27.

[4] Wong, William (2002-05-27). "Write Once, Debug Everywhere". electronicdesign.com. Retrieved 2013-02-04. So far, the "Write-once, run-everywhere" promise of Java hasn't come true. The bulk of a Java application will migrate between most Java implementations, but taking advantage of a VM-specific feature causes porting problems.

[5] "Welcome To Squeak". Squeak. Retrieved 5 May 2015.

[6] "Back to the Future The Story of Squeak, A Practical Smalltalk Written in Itself". Dan Ingalls Ted Kaehler John Maloney Scott Wallace Alan Kay. Retrieved 5 May 2015.

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Write once, run anywhere

See also

References

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