GRADEアプローチ(Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation)は、医療におけるエビデンスの確実性(エビデンスの質や推定効果量の信頼性とも呼ばれる)と推奨の強さを評価する手法である[1]。この手法では、代替的な管理戦略の結果の重要性を構造的かつ透明に評価し、患者や一般市民の価値観や好みを認識し、エビデンスの確実性を上げ下げするための包括的な基準を提供する。システマティック・レビュー、医療技術評価、診療ガイドラインのためにエビデンスを要約する人や、その他の意思決定者にとって重要な意味を持つ[2]。
^Schünemann, HJ; Best, D; Vist, G; Oxman, AD (2003). “Letters, numbers, symbols, and words: How best to communicate grades of evidence and recommendations?”. Canadian Medical Association Journal169 (7): 677–80.
^Guyatt, GH; Oxman, AD; Schünemann, HJ; Tugwell, P; Knotterus, A (2011). “GRADE guidelines: A new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology”. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology64 (4): 380–382. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.011. PMID21185693.
^Brozek, JL; Akl, EA; Jaeschke, R; Lang, DM; Bossuyt, P; Glasziou, P; Helfand, M; Ueffing, E et al. (2009). “Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines: part 2 of 3. The GRADE approach to grading quality of evidence about diagnostic tests and strategies”. Allergy64 (8): 1109–16. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02083.x. PMID19489757.
^Iorio, A; Spencer, FA; Falavigna, M; Alba, C; Lang, E; Burnand, B; McGinn, T; Hayden, J et al. (2015). “Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognosis: rating confidence in estimates of event rates in broad categories of patients”. BMJ350: h870. doi:10.1136/bmj.h870. PMID25775931.
^Spencer, FA; Iorio, A; You, J; Murad, MH; Schünemann, HJ; Vandvik, PO; Crowther, MA; Pottie, K et al. (2012). “Uncertainties in baseline risk estimates and confidence in treatment effects”. BMJ14: 345. doi:10.1136/bmj.e7401. PMID23152569.
^Puhan, MA; Schünemann, HJ; Murad, MH; Li, T; Brignardello-Petersen, R; Singh, JA; Kessels, AG; Guyatt, GH (2014). “A GRADE Working Group approach for rating the quality of treatment effect estimates from network meta-analysis”. BMJ24: 349. doi:10.1136/bmj.g5630. PMID25252733.
^Burford, BJ; Rehfuess, E; Schünemann, HJ; Akl, EA; Waters, E; Armstrong, R; Thomson, H; Doyle, J et al. (2012). “Assessing evidence in public health: the added value of GRADE”. J Public Health34 (4): 631–5. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fds092. PMID23175858.