SageMath
SageMath(과거 명칭: Sage 또는 SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation"[1])는 대수학, 조합론, 그래프 이론, 수치해석, 수론, 미적분학, 통계학 등 수학의 다양한 분야의 기능을 갖춘 컴퓨터 대수학 시스템이다. SageMath의 첫 버전은 2005년 2월 24일 GNU 일반 공중 사용 허가서를 따르는 오픈 소스 자유 소프트웨어로 배포되었다.[2] SageMath는 마그마, 메이플, 매스매티카, MATLAB을 대체하는 오픈 소스 소프트웨어를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 개발되었다. 사용 예제대수 및 미적분x, a, b, c = var('x, a, b, c')
# Note that IPython also supports a faster way to do this, by calling
# this equivalent expression starting with a comma:
# ,var x a b c
log(sqrt(a)).simplify_log() # returns 1/2*log(a)
log(a / b).expand_log() # returns log(a) - log(b)
sin(a + b).simplify_trig() # returns sin(a)*cos(b) + sin(b)*cos(a)
cos(a + b).simplify_trig() # returns -sin(a)*sin(b) + cos(a)*cos(b)
(a + b)^5 # returns (a + b)^5
expand((a + b) ^ 5) # a^5 + 5*a^4*b + 10*a^3*b^2 + 10*a^2*b^3 + 5*a*b^4 + b^5
limit((x ^ 2 + 1) / (2 + x + 3 * x ^ 2), x=Infinity) # returns 1/3
limit(sin(x) / x, x=0) # returns 1
diff(acos(x), x) # returns -1/sqrt(-x^2 + 1)
f = exp(x) * log(x)
f.diff(x, 3) # returns e^x*log(x) + 3*e^x/x - 3*e^x/x^2 + 2*e^x/x^3
solve(a * x ^ 2 + b * x + c, x) # returns [x == -1/2*(b + sqrt(-4*a*c + b^2))/a,
# x == -1/2*(b - sqrt(-4*a*c + b^2))/a]
f = x ^ 2 + 432 / x
solve(f.diff(x) == 0, x) # returns [x == 3*I*sqrt(3) - 3,
# x == -3*I*sqrt(3) - 3, x == 6]
미분 방정식t = var('t') # define a variable t
x = function('x')(t) # define x to be a function of that variable
de = (diff(x, t) + x == 1)
desolve(de, [x, t]) # returns (c + e^t)*e^(-t)
선형 대수A = matrix([[1, 2, 3], [3, 2, 1], [1, 1, 1]])
y = vector([0, -4, -1])
A.solve_right(y) # returns (-2, 1, 0)
A.eigenvalues() # returns [5, 0, -1]
B = matrix([[1, 2, 3], [3, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1]])
B.inverse() # returns
[ 0 1/2 -1/2]
[-1/4 -1/4 1]
[ 1/2 0 -1/2]
# same matrix, but over the ring of doubles (not rationals, as above)
sage: B = matrix(RDF, [[1, 2, 3], [3, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1]])
sage: B.inverse()
[-5.55111512313e-17 0.5 -0.5]
[ -0.25 -0.25 1.0]
[ 0.5 0.0 -0.5]
# The Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse
sage: C = matrix([[1 , 1], [2 , 2]])
sage: C.pseudoinverse()
[1/10 1/5]
[1/10 1/5]
# Alternatively, call NumPy for the pseudo-inverse
# (only numerical)
import numpy
C = matrix([[1 , 1], [2 , 2]])
matrix(numpy.linalg.pinv(C)) # returns
[0.1 0.2]
[0.1 0.2]
정수론prime_pi(1000000) # returns 78498, the number of primes less than one million
E = EllipticCurve('389a') # construct an elliptic curve from its Cremona label
P, Q = E.gens()
7 * P + Q # returns (24187731458439253/244328192262001 :
# 3778434777075334029261244/3819094217575529893001 : 1)
sage: E2 = EllipticCurve(CC, [0,0,-2,1,1])
sage: E2
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + (-2.00000000000000)*y =
x^3 + 1.00000000000000*x + 1.00000000000000 over
Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: E2.j_invariant()
61.7142857142857
가환대수sage: P.<x, y, z> = PolynomialRing(QQ) # polynomial ring in x, y, z over the rationals
sage: (x**3 + y**3 + z**3 - 3*x*y*z).factor()
(x + y + z) * (x^2 - x*y + y^2 - x*z - y*z + z^2)
sage: I = P.ideal(x**2, x*y - y**2) # ideals defined by generators
sage: I.groebner_basis()
[y^3, x^2, x*y - y^2]
같이 보기각주
외부 링크
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