ഇന്ത്യൻ രൂപയുടെ നാണയങ്ങൾ ആദ്യം 1950- ൽ അച്ചടിക്കുകയുണ്ടായി. അതിനു ശേഷം വർഷം തോറും പുതിയ നാണയങ്ങൾ നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെടുകയും . ഇന്ന്, ₹ 1, ₹ 2, ₹ 5, ₹ 10 എന്നീ വിഭാഗങ്ങളിൽ നാണയങ്ങൾ പ്രചരിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്. കൊൽക്കത്ത, മുംബൈ, ഹൈദരാബാദ്, നോയ്ഡ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിലാണ് ഇവയെല്ലാം നിർമ്മിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്.
1947 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 15 മുതൽ 1950 ജനുവരി 26 വരെ ഉള്ള ഇന്ത്യൻ നാണയ ഘടന താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു. (bold അച്ചടിച്ച വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ)[1]
Rupee and its fractions
അണ
പൈസ
Pies (demonetized after 1947)
രൂപ
16 അണ
64 പൈസ
192 pies
Half രൂപ
8 അണ
32 പൈസ
96 pies
Quarter രൂപ
4 അണ
16 പൈസ
48 pies
1/8 രൂപ
2 അണ
8 പൈസ
24 pies
1/16 രൂപ
1 അണ
4 പൈസ
12 pies
1/32 രൂപ
Half അണ
2 പൈസ
6 pies
1/64 രൂപ
1/4 അണ
1 പൈസ
3 pies
ഇത് ഇന്ത്യൻ റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കിന്റെ രൂപവത്കരണത്തിലേക്കുള്ള പരിവർത്തന കാലഘട്ടത്തിലെ കറൻസിയുടെ ക്രമീകരണങ്ങളെ പ്രതിനിധാനം ചെയ്തു.
റിപ്പബ്ളിക് ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ രൂപീകരണം വരെ 1947 നുശേഷം ഉപയോഗിച്ചിരുന്ന നാണയങ്ങൾ - പ്രീ ഡെസിമെലൈസേഷൻ സീരീസ് താഴെ പറയുന്നവയാണ്:
George VI series (Independent India) (1947 - 1950)
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
One രൂപ
നിക്കൽ
Circular
28 mm
1947
Half രൂപ
24 mm
1946 - 1947
Quarter രൂപ
19 mm
1946 - 1947
2 അണ
Nickel - Brass
Square
25.1 mm
1945
Copper - Nickel
22 mm
1946 - 1947
1 അണ
Nickel - Brass
12 Scalloped
21 mm
1945
Copper - നിക്കൽ
21 mm
1946 - 1947
1/2 Anna
Square
19.7 mm
1946 - 1947
1 Pice
Bronze
Circular with a hole
21.32 mm
1943 - 1947
റിപ്പബ്ളിക് ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ 1950-1957
1950 ജനുവരി 26 ന് ഇന്ത്യ ഒരു പരമാധികാര റിപ്പബ്ലിക്കായി മാറി. 1950 ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 15-ന് ഈ പരമ്പര അവതരിപ്പിച്ചു. റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ആദ്യത്തെ നാണയത്തെ പ്രതിനിധാനം ചെയ്തു. ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് കിങ് ചിത്രം മാറ്റി അശോകസ്തംഭത്തിന്റെയും സിംഹത്തിന്റെയും ചിഹ്നം സ്ഥാപിച്ചു .ഒരു രൂപ നാണയത്തിൽ ഒരു ധാന്യക്കതിർ മാറ്റി പകരം ടൈഗർ ആക്കി. ഇന്ത്യൻ മോട്ടിഫ്സ് മറ്റ് നാണയങ്ങളിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരുന്നു.കഴിഞ്ഞ പണവ്യവസ്ഥകളും പഴയ കറൻസി യൂണിറ്റുകളും മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ തുടരുകയാണ്.
Republic of India Pre-decimalization series (1950 - 1957)
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
One Rupee
നിക്കൽ
Circular
27.9 mm
1950 - 1954
Half Rupee
24 mm
1950 - 1956
Quarter രൂപ
19 mm
1950 - 1956
Two അണ
Cupro-നിക്കൽ
Square
25.4 mm
1950 - 1955
One അണ
12 Scalloped
21 mm
1950 - 1955
Half അണ
Square
19.5 mm
1950 - 1955
One പൈസ
Bronze
Circular
21 mm
1950 - 1955
ഡെസിമലൈസേഷൻ
ഒരു നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലേറെയായി ദശവൽക്കരണത്തിലേക്കുള്ള നീക്കം നടന്നു. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, 1955 സെപ്തംബറിലായിരുന്നു ഇന്ത്യൻ കോയിൻയേജ് ആക്ട് ഭേദഗതി ചെയ്യാൻ മെട്രിക് സംവിധാനം നടപ്പാക്കി. 1957 ഏപ്രിൽ 1 മുതൽ ഈ നിയമം പ്രാബല്യത്തിൽ വന്നു. രൂപയുടെ മൂല്യവും നാമ പദവിയും രൂപയിൽ മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ തുടർന്നു. എന്നിരുന്നാലും, ഇപ്പോൾ അത് നൂറുകണക്കിന് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ പൈസയ്ക്ക് പകരം 100 പൈസയായി തിരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. 2011 ജൂൺ 30 മുതൽ പ്രാബല്യത്തിൽ വന്ന 25 പൈസയുടെയും അതിനു താഴെയുമുള്ള എല്ലാ നാണയങ്ങളും ഔദ്യോഗികമായി പ്രദർശിപ്പിച്ചിരുന്നു.[2]
Pre-decimal currency (1950-1957; minting ceased in 1955)
Decimal currency replacement (1957–present)
Decimal currency (dates minted)
N/A
10 രൂപ
2006–present
N/A
5 രൂപ
1992–present
N/A
2 രൂപ
1982–present
രൂപ
രൂപ(divided into 100 new paisa 1957-1964; divided into 100 paisa 1964–present.
1962–present
Half രൂപ
50 പൈസ
1960–present
Quarter രൂപ
25 പൈസ
1957-2002. Demonetized from 2011.
N/A
20 പൈസ
1968-1994. Demonetized from 2011.
2 അണ
10 പൈസ
1957-1998. Demonetized from 2011.
അണ
5 പൈസ
1957-1994. Demonetized from 2011.
N/A
3 പൈസ
1964-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.
Half അണ
2 പൈസ
1957-1979; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011.
Pice
പൈസ
1957-1972; proofs minted until 1981. Demonetized from 2011, but retained as a unit of currency.
കോയിൻ സീരീസ് 1957-present (decimal)
നയാ പൈസ സീരീസ് 1957–1963
"പൈസ്" എന്ന പഴഞ്ചൻ പെർഫക്ഷൻ മാറി ബഹുവചനരൂപത്തിൽ "പൈസ" എന്ന പദം വന്നു. പൊതുജന അംഗീകാരത്തോടെ 1964 ജൂൺ 1 വരെ ആയിരുന്ന 'നയാ പൈസ' (പുതിയ പൈസ) മാറി പൈസ എന്ന പേരിൽ അറിയപ്പെട്ടു.. 50p, 25p, 10p, 5p, 2p, 1p എന്നീ നാണയങ്ങൾ ഒരു നാണയത്തിന്റെ മൂല്യം വിവരിക്കുന്ന ഐതിഹ്യത്തിലുള്ള ദേവനാഗരി ലിപിയിൽ മാറ്റി..
Paisa series I with Devanagari Legend 1964 onwards
In June 1964, the term 'Naya' was dropped and the coins were reminted. The legend in Devanagari script explaining the value of coin in terms of fraction of a Rupee continued till it was finally dropped from the new design minted 1964 onwards.
Paisa Series I with Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1980s)
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
50 പൈസ
Nickel
Circular
24 mm
1964 - 1971
25 പൈസ
Nickel
19 mm
1964 - 1972
10 paisa
Copper Nickel
8 Scalloped
23 mm
1964 - 1967
Nickel Brass
1968 - 1971
5 പൈസ
Copper നിക്കൽ
Square
22 mm
1964 - 1966
Aluminium
1967 - 1971
2 പൈസ
Copper നിക്കൽ
8 Scalloped
18 mm
1964
1 paisa
നിക്കൽ Brass
Circular
16 mm
1964
Series II without the Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1983)
The coin minted from 1965 did not have the legend in Devanagari, explaining the value of the coin as a fraction of the rupee. Small denomination coins which were made of bronze, nickel-brass, cupro-nickel, and aluminium-bronze were gradually minted in aluminium.The first coin minted in such type was the 3 Paisa coin in 1964, which was a new denomination, and continued to be minted till 1971. One and Two paisa coins were changed to Aluminium and were minted without the Devanagari legend from 1965. 20 paisa coin was introduced in 1968, which continued to be minted till 1971.
Series II without Devanagari Legend (1964 - 1983)
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
1 രൂപ
Copper നിക്കൽ
Circular
28 mm
1975 - 1982
50 paisa
24 mm
1972 - 1973
1974 - 1983
25 പൈസ
19 mm
1972 - 1990
20 paisa
Nickel Brass
22 mm
1968 - 1971
10 പൈസ
Aluminium
12 Scalloped
25.91 mm
1971 - 1982
5 പൈസ
Square
22 mm
1972 - 1984
3 പൈസ
Hexagonal
21 mm
1964 - 1971
2 പൈസ
8 Scalloped
20 mm
1965 - 1981
1 പൈസ
Square
17 mm
1965 - 1981
Series III 1982 Onwards
From 1982, New series was launched. the 20 paisa coin which was last minted in 1971, was reintroduced again, but in Aluminium. The size and the design of 10 paisa, 50 paisa and 1 rupee was changed, though they continued to be minted in the same metal. Coins of 3p, 2p and 1p were discontinued but continued to be the legal tender.
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
1 രൂപ
Copper - നിക്കൽ
Circular
26 mm
1983 - 1991
50 പൈസ
24 mm
1984 - 1990
20 പൈസ
Aluminium
Hexagonal
26 mm
1982 - 1997
10 പൈസ
8 Scalloped
23 mm
1983 - 1993
5 പൈസ
Square
22 mm
1984 - 1994
Series IV 1988 Onwards
In Series IV, 5 paisa and 20 paisa coins were discontinued though they continued to be minted in Series III till 1994 and 1997 respectively. 10 paisa, 25 paisa and 50 paisa coins were minted in Stainless Steel. 1992 onwards, 1 Re coin was also minted in Steel and Rs. 2 and Rs. 5 coins in Copper Nickel were introduced. The very considerable costs of managing note issues of Re 1, Rs 2, and Rs 5 led to the gradual coinage of these denominations. These coins continued to be minted till 2004, when the Unity in diversity series was launched.
Cupro-Nickel coins are not minted anymore. Ferritic Stainless Steel coins of Two and Five Rupee denominations are currently in production.[3]
2004 Unity in diversity Series
In 2004, RBI issued a series in denominations of 1 rupee, followed by 2 rupee and 10 rupee in 2005. These issues however came into circulation in 2006, and created a controversy over their design. 10 rupee coins were the first bimetallic coins issued in India, and because of the controversy and being minted in only one mint, most of the coinage never found its way into circulation. The ones which did were hoarded by Coin collectors and Coin hoarders.
2004 Unity in Diversity Series
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
10 രൂപ
Bimetallic
Copper നിക്കൽ Center in
Aluminium Bronze ring
Circular
27 mm
2005 - 2007
2 രൂപ
Stainless Steel
26.75 mm
1 രൂപ
25 mm
2004 - 2006
2007 Hasta Mudra Series
in 2007 RBI issued a new series of Coins, The Hasta Mudra Series, in coins of 50 paisa, 1 rupee and 2 rupee denominations. These coins are stainless steel and feature various Hasta Mudras (hand gestures in Indian Classical dance). The 5 rupee piece that features waves in its design was also issued in 2007, along with a new 10 rupee coin. However, the design of the 10 rupee piece changed in 2008. The 5 rupee coin design was again reverted to the previous design, though it was issued in Nickel-brass instead of Copper-nickel. However, these 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were not the part of the Hasta Mudra series.
2007 Hasta Mudra Series
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
2 രൂപ
Stainless Steel
Circular
27 mm
2007 - 2011
1 രൂപ
25 mm
50 പൈസ
22 mm
2008 - 2010
The 5 rupee and 10 rupee coins were issued for common circulation in 2007, 2008, 2009 with changed designs and continued to be minted until the introduction of the Rupee Symbol series in 2011.
2007 - 2010 Common Circulation Coins for 5 rupee and 10 rupee
Denomination
Image
Metal
Shape
Diameter
Minted in Year
Obverse
Reverse
5 രൂപ
Stainless Steel
Circular
23 mm
2007 - 2008
10 രൂപ
Bimetallic
Copper നിക്കൽ Center in Aluminium Bronze ring
27 mm
2008 - 2010
5 രൂപ
Nickel - Brass
23 mm
2009 - 2010
2011 New Series with the Rupee Symbol (₹)
In 2011, RBI issued a series in denominations of 50p, ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, and ₹10. The 50p, ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 designs are identical except the absence of the rupee symbol in 50p coin. The ₹10 coin continued to be issued in bimetallic issues as previously.
Kolkata - either no mint mark beneath the date of coin or a C is seen at 6'o clock position in British India coins.
Mumbai - diamond mint mark under the date of the coin.
Hyderabad - split diamond or a dot in diamond or five pointed star under the date of coin.
Noida - a small or thick dot under the date of the Coin.
Because of the increasing demand for coins, the Indian government was forced to mint coins in foreign countries at various points in the country's history.
Seoul - a five pointed star under the date of the coin but exactly below the first or Last Digits of dates 1985 and 1997.
Birmingham (Royal Mint, UK) - small dot under the date of the coin but exactly below the first digit of date 1985.
Heaton Press - Ornamental/decorated letter "H" under the last digit of the date 1985.
Ottawa - a "C" mint mark under the date of the coin.
Mexico City - "M" mint mark under the date of the coin.
Mints in Daegu, Korea, Slovakia (Kremnca), and Russia (Moscow) have also been used.
Commemorative coins
The first Indian commemorative coin was issued in 1964 to mourn the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. Since then, numerous coins of these type on almost all denomination from 5 paisa to 10 rupees have been issued. These coins based on famous personalities (usually issued on their birth or death centenary, or in rare cases on their death), government programmes and social messages.
Mints
Commemorative coins are made at various mints across India including the ones at Mumbai, Noida, Kolkata and Hyderabad.
The First Commemorative Coins
The first commemorative coins was dated 1964 and had a bust of Jawaharlal Nehru on observe and was issued in one and half rupee.
List of Commemorative Coins
Commemorative
Year
5P
10P
20P
25P
50P
1₹
2₹
5₹
10₹
20₹
25₹
50₹
60₹
75₹
100₹
125₹
150₹
200₹
500₹
1000₹
Jawaharlal Nehru
1964
KM
KM
Mahatma Gandhi
1969
KHM
KM
KM
KM
Food For All
1970
KM
KM
Food For All
1971
KM
M
25th Independence
1972
KM
KM
Grow More Food
1973
KM
M
M
M
Planned Families Food for All
1974
KHM
Women Year
1975
KHM
M
M
Food & Work For All
1976
KHM
KM
M
M
Save for Development
1977
KHM
KM
M
M
Food & Selter For All
1978
KHM
KHM
M
M
International Year of the Child (P)
1978
M
International Year of the Child
1979
KHM
KHM
M
M
M
Rural Women's Advancement
1980
KHM
KHM
M
M
World Food Day
1981
KM
KHM
M
M
IX Asian Games
1982
KHM
KHM
KM
M
M
World Food Day
1982
KHM
KH
National Integration
1982
KM
KM
M
M
Fisheries
1983
KH
Forestry for Development
1985
KHM
Reserve Bank of India
1985
KHM
KM
M
Indira Gandhi
1985
KHM
HM
M
International Youth Year
1985
KHM
K
M
Fisheries
1986
KHM
M
M
Small Farmer
1987
KHM
M
M
Rainfed Farming
1988
KHM
Jawaharlal Nehru
1989
KHM
HM
M
M
World Food Day
1989
KHM
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
1990
HM
ICDS
1990
HM
SAARC Year - Girl Child
1990
HM
Food For the Future
1990
KH
Rajiv Gandhi
1991
HM
Commonweath Parliamentary
1991
M
M
M
Tourism Year
1991
HM
M
M
Food & Nutrition
1992
K
Land Vital Resource
1992
K
Quit India Movement
1993
KHM
M
M
M
Inter Parliamentary Union
1993
M
Small Family Happy Family
1993
HM
Bio Diversity
1993
HM
International Year of the Family
1994
MN
Water for Life
1994
KHM
ILO
1994
HMN
M
M
World Tamil Conference
1995
KHMN
M
MN
Globalizing Indian Agriculture
1995
KM
UNO
1995
MN
FAO
1995
HMN
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
1995
M
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
1996
KHMN
M
M
M
Mother's Health is Child's Health
1996
KHMN
International Crop Science
1996
K
Subhash Chandra Bose
1996
KN
Subhash Chandra Bose
1997
KHMN
M
M
M
50 year of Independence
1997
KHMN
M
Cellular Jail
1997
KHMN
Sri Aurobindo
1998
KMN
M
M
M
Deshbandhu Chittranjan Das
1998
KHN
K
Saint Dnyaneshwar
1999
KMN
M
Chattrapati Shivaji
1999
KHMN
M
M
Suprime Court of India
2000
KMN
M
Dr. Syama Prasad
2001
KHN
K
M
K
Bhagwan Mahabir
2001
MN
M
Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan
2002
HM
Saint Tukaram
2002
KHMN
K
M
M
Maharana Pratap
2003
HM
M
M
Veer Durgadas
2003
HM
M
M
Indian Railway
2003
KHMN
K
Dadabhai Naoraji
2003
KHM
Kumarasami Kamraj
2003
KHM
M
India Post
2004
K
K
Telecommunication
2004
K
K
Lal Bahadur Sastri (CuNi)
2004
K
K
Lal Bahadur Sastri (SS)
2004
KHM
Dandi March (CuNi)
2005
M
M
Dandi March (SS)
2005
M
Mahatma Basaveshwara (CuNi)
2006
M
M
Mahatma Basaveshwara (SS)
2006
M
ONGC (CuNi)
2006
K
M
ONGC (SS)
2006
KH
Sree Narayan Gurudev (CuNi)
2006
M
M
Sree Narayan Gurudev (SS)
2006
M
SBI (CuNi)
2006
K
K
SBI (CuNi)
2006
KH
Indian Airforce
2007
K
K
Lokamanya Bal Gandhar Tilak (CuNi)
2007
M
K
Lokamanya Bal Gandhar Tilak (SS)
2007
M
Tilakji Error (CuNi)
2007
M
First War of Independence
2007
M
M
Khadi & Village Industries (CuNi)
2007
M
M
Khadi & Village Industries (SS)
2007
M
Bhagat Singh
2007
KH
K
Shri Guru Granth Sahib
2008
HM
M
Saint Alphonsa
2009
KHM
M
Louis Braille
2009
KHM
K
Perarignar Anna
2009
KHM
K
60 years of Commonwealth
2009
KHM
M
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
2009
KHMN
K
Homi Bhaba
2009
MN
M
Reserve Bank of India
2010
HM
KHM
HM
HMN
KMHN
XIX Commonwealth Games
2010
KHN
KHMN
C. Subramaniam
2010
KHMN
HM
Brihadeswarar Temple Thanjaveer
2010
KHMN
M
Mother Teresa
2010
KHMN
K
Comptroller & Auditor General
2010
KHMN
K
Income Tax - Chanakya
2010
KHM
K
Income Tax - Chanakya
2011
KN
Civil Aviation
2010
H
Civil Aviation
2011
KHMN
M
Rabindra Nath Tegore
2011
KHMN
K
Indian Council of Medical Research
2011
KHMN
HM
Madan Mohan Malviya
2011
KHMN
M
Parliament of India
2012
KHMN
Shree Mata Vaishno Devi
2012
HMN
HMN
M
Kolkata Mint
2012
KHMN
K
Motilal Nehru
2012
KHMN
M
Kuka Movement
2013
KHMN
M
Swami Vivekananda
2013
KHMN
K
Coir Board
2013
KHMN
M
Acharya Tulsi
2014
KHMN
M
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
2014
KHMN
K
Jawaharlal Nehru
2014
KHMN
K
Komagata Maru Incident
2014
HMN
Jamshetji Nusserawanji Tata
2015
KM
Begum Aktar
2015
KM
K
Rani Gaidiliu
2015
K
1965 Operation
2015
M
M
BHEL
2015
KM
K
Allahabad High Court
2015
HM
M
Biju Patnaik
2015
K
K
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
2015
HM
K
Dr. Sarvapalli Radha Krishnan
2015
M
K
3rd Indo Africa Forum
2015
K
K
Maharana Pratap
2015
M
M
Swami Chimayananda
2015
KM
K
Gandhi Return from Africa
2015
KHMN
International Yoga Day
2015
MN
Nabakalebar Rath Yatra
2015
M
M
University of Mysore
2016
M
M
Lala Lajpat Rai
2016
K
Tatya Tope
2016
K
K
Banaras Hindu University
2016
M
M
National Archive of India
2016
K
K
Pt Dindayal Upadhyai
2016
M
M
Biju Patnik
2016
M
M
Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
2016
M
M
Shrimad Rajchandra
2017
M
M
Note: Bold Marks are Silver Coins, Mint index: K = Kolkata (no mark), H = Hyderabad (⋆), M = Mumbai (◆ or B), Noida = (●).