ਵੋਟਰ ਮਤਦਾਨ

ਰਾਜਨੀਤੀ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ, ਵੋਟਰ ਮਤਦਾਨ ਇੱਕ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਗਈ ਚੋਣ ਦੀ ਭਾਗੀਦਾਰੀ ਦਰ (ਅਕਸਰ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਚੋਣ ਪਰਚੀ ਪਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ) ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਆਮ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਰਜਿਸਟਰਡ ਵੋਟਰਾਂ, ਯੋਗ ਵੋਟਰਾਂ, ਜਾਂ ਵੋਟ ਪਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਉਮਰ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਸ਼ਤਤਾ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਸਟੈਨਫੋਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਦੇ ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨੀ ਐਡਮ ਬੋਨਿਕਾ ਅਤੇ ਮਾਈਕਲ ਮੈਕਫੌਲ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਸਹਿਮਤੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ "ਜਦੋਂ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਲੋਕ ਵੋਟ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਤਾਂ ਲੋਕਤੰਤਰ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।"^[1]

ਸੰਸਥਾਗਤ ਕਾਰਕ ਮਤਦਾਨ ਦਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਅੰਤਰ ਨੂੰ ਚਲਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।^[2] ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਸਰਲ ਪਾਰਲੀਮਾਨੀ ਲੋਕਤੰਤਰ ਜਿੱਥੇ ਵੋਟਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਘੱਟ ਵੋਟਾਂ ਮਿਲਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ, ਘੱਟ ਚੋਣਾਂ ਮਿਲਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ, ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਬਹੁ-ਪਾਰਟੀ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ ਜੋ ਜਵਾਬਦੇਹੀ ਨੂੰ ਆਸਾਨ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ, ਜਾਪਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਸਵਿਟਜ਼ਰਲੈਂਡ ਦੀਆਂ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀਆਂ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਮਤਦਾਨ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹਨ।^[2]

ਨੋਟ

↑ "Opinion | Want Americans to vote? Give them the day off". Washington Post (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 2018-10-11.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Michael McDonald and Samuel Popkin. "The Myth of the Vanishing Voter" in American Political Science Review. December 2001. p. 970.

ਹਵਾਲੇ

Franklin, Mark N. "Electoral Engineering and Cross National Turnout Differences." British Journal of Political Science. 1999.
Kanazawa, Satoshi. "A Possible Solution to the Paradox of Voter Turnout." The Journal of Politics.
Lijphart, Arend. "Unequal Participation: Democracy's Unresolved Dilemma." American Political Science Review. vol. 91 (March 1997): 1–14. p. 12
McDonald, Michael and Samuel Popkin. "The Myth of the Vanishing Voter." American Political Science Review. 2001.
Niemi, Richard G. and Herbert F. Weisberg. eds. Controversies in Voting Behavior. Washington, D.C: CQ Press, 2001.
Norris, Pippa. Elections and Voting Behaviour: New Challenges, New Perspectives. Aldershot: Ashgate, Dartmouth, 1998.
Rose, Richard, ed. Electoral Participation: A Comparative Analysis. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1980.
Wolfinger, Raymond E. and Steven J. Rosenstone. 1980. Who Votes? New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Wolfinger, R., Glass, D., Squire, P. (1990). Predictors of electoral turnout:an international comparison. Policy Studies Review, 9(3), p551–574, 24p
Highton, B. (1997). "Easy registration and voter turnout". The Journal of Politics. 59 (2): 565–575. doi:10.1017/s0022381600053585. S2CID 154699757.

ਹੋਰ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ

Charles Q. Choi (November 2007). "The Genetics of Politics". Scientific American (Print). Scientific American, Inc. pp. 18, 21. ...the desire to vote or abstain from politics might largely be hardwired into our biology
Philip Lampi (2008-05-29). "A New Nation Votes: American Elections Returns 1787–1825". Digital Collections and Archives. Tufts University. Archived from the original on 2011-02-02. Retrieved 2008-06-24. A New Nation Votes is a searchable collection of election returns from the earliest years of American democracy.
"The Power Report". makeitanissue.org.uk. The Power Inquiry. 2007-01-19. Archived from the original on 2007-12-08. Retrieved 2008-06-24. The Power Commission was established to discover what is happening to our democracy. It sought to establish why people were disengaging from formal democratic politics in Britain and how these trends could be reversed.
"Voter Turnout". ElectionGuide. International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Archived from the original on 2008-06-07. Retrieved 2008-06-24. ...ElectionGuide is the most comprehensive and timely source of verified election information and results available online.
"Voter Turnout". FairVote. Voting and Democracy Research Center. Archived from the original on 2021-03-10. Retrieved 2008-06-24. Voter Turnout is a fundamental quality of fair elections and is generally considered to be a necessary factor for a healthy democracy.
"Voter Turnout". International IDEA website. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. 2008-06-16. Archived from the original on 2008-12-10. Retrieved 2008-06-23. The International IDEA Voter Turnout Website contains the most comprehensive global collection of political participation statistics available.
Michael McDonald (2008-04-01). "Voter Turnout". United States Elections Project. Archived from the original on 2008-05-14. Retrieved 2008-06-24. Statistics on voter turnout presented here show that the much-lamented decline in voter participation is an artifact of the way in which it is measured.
Rhonda Parkinson (2007-03-01). "Voter Turnout in Canada". Maple Leaf Web. Archived from the original on 2008-06-14. Retrieved 2008-06-23. Since the 1980s, voter turnout in federal elections has fallen sharply.

[1] "Opinion | Want Americans to vote? Give them the day off". Washington Post (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 2018-10-11.

[Samuel_Popkin_2001._P._970-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Michael McDonald and Samuel Popkin. "The Myth of the Vanishing Voter" in American Political Science Review. December 2001. p. 970.

[1]

[2]

ਵੋਟਰ ਮਤਦਾਨ

ਨੋਟ

ਹਵਾਲੇ

ਹੋਰ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ

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