二疊紀—三疊紀滅絕事件(英語:Permian–Triassic extinction event,簡稱:P-Tr)是一個大規模物种滅絕事件,發生於古生代二疊紀與中生代三疊紀之間,距今大約2億5140萬年[1][2]。若以消失的物種來計算,當時地球上70%的陸生脊椎動物,以及高達96%的海中生物消失[3];這次滅絕事件也造成昆蟲的唯一一次大量滅絕。計有57%的科與83%的屬消失[4][5]。在滅絕事件之後,陸地與海洋的生態圈花了數百萬年才完全恢復,比其他大型滅絕事件的恢復時間更長久[3]。此次滅絕事件是地質年代的五次大型滅絕事件中,規模最龐大的一次,因此又被正式稱為大死亡(The Great Dying)[6],或是大規模滅絕之母(Mother of all mass extinctions)[7]。
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