動眼神經副核

動眼神經副核
Section through superior colliculus (unlabeled) showing path of oculomotor nerve. ("Edinger–Westphal nucleus" is not on diagram, but would be near oculomotor nuclei.)
Figure showing the different groups of cells, which constitute, according to Perlia, the nucleus of origin of the oculomotor nerve. 1. Posterior dorsal nucleus. 1’. Posterior ventral nucleus. 2. Anterior dorsal nucleus. 2’. Anterior ventral nucleus. 3. Central nucleus. 4. Nucleus of Edinger and Westphal. 5. Antero-internal nucleus. 6. Antero-external nucleus. 8. Crossed fibers. 9. Trochlear nerve, with 9’, its nucleus of origin, and 9", its decussation. 10. Third ventricle. M, M. Median line.
基本信息
組成	Provides input to Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion
标识字符
拉丁文	nuclei accessorii nervi oculomotorii
MeSH	D065839
NeuroNames（英语：NeuroNames）	498
NeuroLex（英语：NeuroLex） ID	birnlex_822
《神經解剖學術語》 [在维基数据上编辑]

動眼神經副核^[1]（accessory oculomotor nucleus^[2]）又稱埃丁格-韦斯特法尔核^[3]（Edinger–Westphal nucleus）或內臟動眼神經核（visceral oculomotor nucleusSonne, James; Lopez-Ojeda, Wilfredo, Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve, StatPearls (Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing), 2022 [2022-08-08], PMID 29261885, （原始内容存档于2021-10-20） ），屬於副交感神經節前神經元，支配虹膜括約肌和睫狀肌的運動。

有時候，艾偉二氏核特別指該神經核未投射至睫狀神經核而投射至其他區域的部分^[4]，如脊髓、背中縫核（英语：dorsal raphe nucleus）、外中隔區（英语：septal nuclei）^[5]、lateral hypothalamic area（英语：lateral hypothalamic area），和杏仁核中央核（英语：central nucleus of the amygdala）。

動眼神經副核的原文命名來自於法蘭克福科學家Ludwig Edinger（英语：Ludwig Edinger）和柏林內科醫生Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal（英语：Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal）。埃丁格在1885年闡明了該核的胚胎發育學，而韦斯特法尔則在1887年發現了其在成人體內的機制^[6][7][8]。

• 
  The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue.
• 
  Nuclei of origin of cranial motor nerves schematically represented; lateral view.
• 
  Primary terminal nuclei of the afferent (sensory) cranial nerves schematically represented; lateral view.

1. ^ https://www.termonline.cn/search?searchText=accessory+oculomotor+nucleus
2. ^ Joyce, Christopher; Le, Patrick H.; Peterson, Diana C., Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve 3 (Oculomotor), StatPearls (Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing), 2022 [2022-08-08], PMID 30725811, （原始内容存档于2023-11-19） 
3. ^ https://www.termonline.cn/search?searchText=Edinger-Westphal+nucleus
4. ^ Dos Santos Junior, ED, Da Silva AV, Da Silva KR, Haemmerle CA, Batagello DS, Da Silva JM, Lima LB, Da Silva RJ, Diniz GB, Sita LV, Elias CF, Bittencourt JC. The centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus-I: Efferents in the rat brain. J. Chem. Neuroanat. 2015. PMID 26206178. doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.002. .
5. ^ Kozicz T, Bittencourt JC, May PJ, Reiner A, Gamlin PD, Palkovits M, Horn AK, Toledo CA, Ryabinin AE. The Edinger–Westphal nucleus: A historical, structural and functional perspective on a dichotomous terminology. J. Comp. Neurol. In press. 2011, 519 (8): 1413–34. PMID 21452224. doi:10.1002/cne.22580. 
6. ^ synd/893 - Who Named It?
7. ^ L. Edinger, in: Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, Berlin, 1885; 16: 858-889. (17) Neurologisches Centralblatt, Leipzig, 1885, 4: 309. (41)
8. ^ C. F. O. Westphal: Ueber einen Fall von chronischer progressiver Lähmung der Augenmuskeln (Ophthalmoplegia externa) nebst Beschreibung von Ganglienzellengruppen im Bereiche des Oculomotoriuskerns. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, Berlin, 1887, 18: 846-871.

• -248184792 於 GPnotebook
• Diagram at Columbia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Stained brain slice images which include the "Edinger–Westphal nucleus" at the BrainMaps project
• MedEd at Loyola Neuro/frames/nlBSs/nl18fr.htm
• 耶魯大學醫學院（英语：Yale School of Medicine）提供的腦神經教材 3-12

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