第二次世界大战 Operation Crossbow 十字弓行動Strategic bombing campaigns in Europe 的一部分 The La Coupole V-2 launch site at Wizernes in France was a "Heavy Crossbow" target日期 August 1943 – May 2, 1945 地点 结果
Delayed use but "limited effect" on production
参战方
英国 美国 加拿大
納粹德國 兵力
Sorties/bomb tonnage:
Total : 68,913/122,133[ 3]
RAF : 19,584/72,141
USAAF : 17,211/30,350
V-1 launches: 9,251 [ 5]
(8000 targeting London,[ 6] 2,448 targetting Antwerp)
V-2 launches: 1664 , 1402 , 76 , 19 , 11 (Ludendorff Bridge ) 伤亡与损失
Airmen/aircraft:
British civilians killed/ seriously injured:
V-1: 6,184/17,981
V-2: 2,754/6,523[ 5]
French civilians: 3,600 killed, about 10,000 wounded by Allied bombing
V-1: 4,261 destroyed by AA guns (1,878),barrage balloons (231), and fighters (1,846):[ a]
V-2: 51/117 killed/wounded, 48/69 rockets/vehicles damaged
十字弓行動 (Operation Crossbow )是英國皇家空軍 在二戰 中的行動,他們拍下歐洲淪陷區 內所有地貌,再藉著3D立體定位、辨識後,有效摧毀納粹 的導彈,使英軍在後續諾曼地登陸 時更具威脅,也縮短整個戰爭的時程。 [ 12]
注釋
参考资料
^ Krause, Merric E. From theater missile defense to anti-missile offensive actions: A near-term strategic approach for the USAF (PDF) (学位论文). School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University : 11. June 1988 [2008-10-23 ] . (原始内容存档 (PDF) 于2008-10-29).
^ 5.0 5.1 Charman, Terry, The V Weapons Campaign Against Britain 1944–1945 (PDF) , Imperial War Museum, [April 9, 2013] , (原始内容 (PDF) 存档于2014-03-19)
^ von Braun, Wernher (Estate of) ; Ordway III, Frederick I. & Dooling, David Jr. Space Travel: A History 1st. New York: Harper & Row. 1985: 105 [1975]. ISBN 0-06-181898-4 .
^ Russell, Edward T, Leaping the Atlantic Wall: Army Air Forces Campaigns in Western Europe, 1942–1945 (PDF) , The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II, United States Air Force History and Museums Program: 27, 1999 [March 19, 2014] , (原始内容 (PDF) 存档于2004-06-27)
^ 二戰「十字弓行動」 小小立體鏡粉碎希特勒的致命導彈 | 新奇新聞|NOWnews 今日新聞網 . [2013-06-12 ] . (原始内容存档 于2012-01-11).
參考文獻
Collier, Basil. The Battle of the V-Weapons, 1944–1945. Yorkshire: The Emfield Press. 1976 [1964]. ISBN 0-7057-0070-4 .
Cooksley, Peter G. Flying Bomb . New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. 1979. ISBN 0-684-16284-9 .
D'Olier, Franklin, The Secondary Campaigns , United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Summary Report (European War): 12, September 30, 1945 [March 23, 2020] , (原始内容 存档于2013-11-05) –通过Hyperwar Foundation
Zaloga, Steven J. Operation Crossbow 1944: Hunting Hitler's V-weapons. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. 2018. ISBN 978-1-4728-2614-5 .
Total Crossbow Offensive Effort by Air Forces . V-Weapons (Crossbow) Campaign. AllWorldWars.com. [2009-03-22 ] . (原始内容 存档于2019-08-30).
Hillson, Franklin J. (Maj). Barrage Balloons for Low-Level Air Defense . Air Chronicles; Airpower Journal. Summer 1989 [2007-05-07 ] . (原始内容 存档于2007-05-01).
V-1飛行炸彈 V-2火箭 生產地與發射存放地 盟軍 對策戰後發展
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