叠氮化氟

叠氮化氟
识别
CAS号	14986-60-8
PubChem	23235952
SMILES	[N-]=[N+]=NF;
InChI	1S/FN3/c1-3-4-2;
InChIKey	AJXWEJAGUZJGRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
性质
化学式	FN3
摩尔质量	61.019 g·mol⁻¹
外观	黄绿色气体
熔点	-152 °C（121 K）
沸点	-82 °C（191 K）
爆炸性
撞击感度	极高
摩擦感度	极高
危险性
主要危害	极易爆炸
相关物质
相关化学品	叠氮化氯; 叠氮化溴; 叠氮化碘
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

叠氮化氟是一种无机化合物，化学式为FN₃，它是一种黄绿色的气体。^[2]

叠氮化氟在–82℃液化，在–152°C变为固体。^[2]^[3]

它在1942年由John F. Haller首次合成。^[4]

制备

叠氮化氟由氟气和叠氮酸反应得到：^[1]^[5]

2 F₂ + 4 HN₃ → FN₃ + N₂ + NH₄F

用叠氮化钠和氟气反应也能得到叠氮化氟。^[6]

性质

化学性质

在室温下，叠氮化氟分解而不发生爆炸：

2 FN₃ → F₂N₂ + 2N₂.^[2]

而在高温下（例如1000℃），发生爆炸：

FN₃ → FN{a¹Δ} + N₂. ^[6]

固体或液体FN₃发生爆炸时放出热量，它的薄膜可以以1.6 km/s的速度燃烧。^[7]

光谱性质

parameter	value^[8]	单位
A	48131.448	MHz
B	5713.266	MHz
C	5095.276	MHz
μ_a	1.1
μ_b	0.7

物理性质

FN₃的密度是1.3 g/cm³。^[9]

FN₃可以在氟化钾的表面吸附，但却不能在氟化锂或氟化钠的表面吸附，这种性质被研究以便FN₃可以增加固体推进剂的能量。^[9]

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 《无机化学丛书》.第四卷氮磷砷分族. 科学出版社. 6.2 叠氮化物. P₁₀₈
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Gipstein, Edward; John F. Haller. Absorption Spectrum of Fluorine Azide. Applied Spectroscopy. 1966, 20 (6): 417–418. ISSN 0003-7028. doi:10.1366/000370266774386470.
^ Saxena, P. B. Chemistry of Interhalogen Compounds. Discovery Publishing House. 2007-01-01: 96 [2014-06-16]. ISBN 9788183562430.
^ Lowe, Derek. Things I Won't Work With: Triazadienyl Fluoride.. In the Pipeline. 2008-10-21 [2014-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2014-06-13）.
^ Gholivand, Khodayar; Gabriele Schatte, Helge Willner. Properties of triazadienyl fluoride, N3F. Inorganic Chemistry. 1987, 26 (13): 2137–2140. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic00260a025.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Benard, D. J.; B. K. Winker, T. A. Seder, R. H. Cohn. Production of nitrogen monofluoride (a1Δ) by dissociation of fluorine azide. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 1989, 93 (12): 4790–4796. ISSN 0022-3654. doi:10.1021/j100349a022.
^ Seder, T.A.; D.J. Benard. The decomposition of condensed phase fluorine azide. Combustion and Flame. 1991, 85 (3-4): 353–362. ISSN 0010-2180. doi:10.1016/0010-2180(91)90139-3.
^ Christen, Dines.; H. G. Mack, G. Schatte, H. Willner. Structure of triazadienyl fluoride, FN3, by microwave, infrared, and ab initio methods. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1988, 110 (3): 707–712. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00211a007.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Brener, Nathan E.; Kestner, Neil R.; Callaway, Joseph. Theoretical Studies of Highly Energetic CBES Materials: Final Report for the Period 2 March 1987 to 31 May 1987 (PDF). Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy. December 1990: 21–27 [2014-06-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-03）.

[w-1] 1.0 ^1.1 《无机化学丛书》.第四卷氮磷砷分族. 科学出版社. 6.2 叠氮化物. P₁₀₈

[Gipstein1966-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Gipstein, Edward; John F. Haller. Absorption Spectrum of Fluorine Azide. Applied Spectroscopy. 1966, 20 (6): 417–418. ISSN 0003-7028. doi:10.1366/000370266774386470.

[Saxena2007-3] Saxena, P. B. Chemistry of Interhalogen Compounds. Discovery Publishing House. 2007-01-01: 96 [2014-06-16]. ISBN 9788183562430.

[Lowe-4] Lowe, Derek. Things I Won't Work With: Triazadienyl Fluoride.. In the Pipeline. 2008-10-21 [2014-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2014-06-13）.

[Gholivand1987-5] Gholivand, Khodayar; Gabriele Schatte, Helge Willner. Properties of triazadienyl fluoride, N3F. Inorganic Chemistry. 1987, 26 (13): 2137–2140. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic00260a025.

[Benard1989-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Benard, D. J.; B. K. Winker, T. A. Seder, R. H. Cohn. Production of nitrogen monofluoride (a1Δ) by dissociation of fluorine azide. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 1989, 93 (12): 4790–4796. ISSN 0022-3654. doi:10.1021/j100349a022.

[Seder1991-7] Seder, T.A.; D.J. Benard. The decomposition of condensed phase fluorine azide. Combustion and Flame. 1991, 85 (3-4): 353–362. ISSN 0010-2180. doi:10.1016/0010-2180(91)90139-3.

[Christen1988-8] Christen, Dines.; H. G. Mack, G. Schatte, H. Willner. Structure of triazadienyl fluoride, FN3, by microwave, infrared, and ab initio methods. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1988, 110 (3): 707–712. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00211a007.

[brener-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Brener, Nathan E.; Kestner, Neil R.; Callaway, Joseph. Theoretical Studies of Highly Energetic CBES Materials: Final Report for the Period 2 March 1987 to 31 May 1987 (PDF). Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy. December 1990: 21–27 [2014-06-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-03）.

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叠氮化氟

制备

性质

化学性质

光谱性质

物理性质

参考资料

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