1976年查爾斯·拉達(Charles J. Lada)和馬克·里德(Mark J. Reid)在大犬座VY東方15角分處發現一個分子雲。該分子雲的邊緣有一個明亮的環,在環處有明顯的一氧化碳譜線強度大幅下降,且 12 CO 譜線強度上升狀況被觀測到,這兩個狀況可能分別代表分子的破壞和環與分子雲之間有加熱現象。拉達和里德假設分子雲和地球的距離與疏散星團NGC 2362和地球的距離相同,因此星團中的恆星將環中的分子電離了。NGC 2362和地球的距離以顏色-星等圖判定是1500 ± 500秒差距[11]。
明尼蘇達大學教授蘿勃塔·韓福瑞(Roberta M. Humphreys)預測大犬座VY CMa 的直徑大約是1800到2100太陽半徑[9]。如果將大犬座VY放在太陽系中心,它的直徑將超過土星軌道(約9天文單位)。假設它的半徑是太陽的2100倍,光繞行它一周的時間要8.5小時,而光繞行太陽一周時間為14.5秒。而它的體積相當於7015700000000000000♠7×1015個地球[17]或平均體積為7037105000000000000♠1.05×1037立方公尺。
^ 7.07.17.2Wittkowski, M.; Langer, N.; Weigelt, G. Diffraction-limited speckle-masking interferometry of the red supergiant VY CMa. Astronomy and Astrophysics (European Southern Observatory). October 27, 1998, 340: 39–42.
^ 13.013.113.2Robinson, L. J. Three somewhat overlooked facets of VY Canis Majoris. Commission 27 of the I. A. U., Information Bulletin on Variable Stars (Konkoly Observatory, Budapest). December 7, 1971, (599).
^Pogge, Richard W. Stellar distances. Astronomy 162: Introduction to Stars, Galaxies and the Universe. Ohio State University. October 31, 2006 [March 20, 2009]. (原始内容存档于1999-09-01).
^Lada, C. J.; Reid, M. The discovery of a molecular cloud associated with VY CMa. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society (American Astronomical Society). March 1976, 8: 322.
^
Choi, Y. K.; Hirota, Tomoya; Honma, Mareki; Kobayashi, Hideyuki; Bushimata, Takeshi; Imai, Hiroshi; Iwadate, Kenzaburo; Jike, Takaaki; Kameno, Seiji; Kameya, O.; Kamohara, R.; Kan-Ya, Y.; Kawaguchi, N.; Kijima, M.; Kim, M. K.; Kuji, S.; Kurayama, T.; Manabe, S.; Maruyama, K.; Matsui, M.; Matsumoto, N.; Miyaji, T.; Nagayama, T.; Nakagawa, A.; Nakamura, K.; Oh, C. S.; Omodaka, T.; Oyama, T.; Sakai, S.; et al. Distance to VY VMa with VERA. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (Publications Astronomical Society of Japan). 2008, 60 (5): 1007. Bibcode:2008PASJ...60.1007C. arXiv:0808.0641. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.5.1007.