标准电极电势表 主条目：标准电极电势 建議此條目或章節與标准电极电势合并。（討論） 建議将此條目或章節併入標準電極電勢。（討論） 标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。 标准电极电位是以标准氢原子作为参比电极，即氢的标准电极电位值定为0，与氢标准电极比较，电位较高者为正，电位较低者为负。 表中电极电势以以下條件測得（(s)：固體；(l)：液體；(g)：氣體；(aq)：水溶液；(Hg)：汞齊）： 參比電極：標準氫電極，所有離子的數據都在水溶液測得[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] 活性度：統一為純固體、純液體或水溶液 溫度：298.15K／25攝氏度 水溶液或汞齊之有效離子濃度：每公升1摩 氣體反應物分壓：1大氣壓／101325帕 单击頂栏箭咀可将数据按元素符号、反應物、產物或标准电极电势值排序。 元素 氧化劑 半反應 還原劑 E°（V）[註 1] 來源 -9 9 鋇 Ba+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ba(s) −4.38 [10][11][12] 鍶 Sr+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Sr(s) −4.10 [13][10][11][14] 鈣 Ca+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ca(s) −3.8 [13][10][11][14] 釷 Th⁴⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Th³⁺ −3.6 [15] 鐠 Pr³⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Pr²⁺ −3.1 [13] 氮 3N 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2HN 3(aq) −3.09 [16] 锂 Li+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Li(s) −3.0401 [17] 氮 N 2(g)＋4H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2NH 2OH(aq)＋2OH⁻ −3.04 [16] 铯 Cs+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Cs(s) −3.026 [17] 鈣 Ca(OH) 2(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ca(s)＋2OH⁻ −3.02 [13] 鉺 Er3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Er2+ −3.0 [13] 鋇 Ba(OH) 2(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ba(s)＋2OH⁻ −2.99 [13] 铷 Rb+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Rb(s) −2.98 [18] 钾 K+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ K(s) −2.92 [17] 鎂 Mg+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Mg(s) −2.93 [12] 钡 Ba2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ba(s) −2.912 [17] 镧 La(OH) 3(s)＋3e⁻ ⇌ La(s)＋3OH⁻ −2.90 [17] 鈁 Fr+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Fr(s) −2.9 [13] 锶 Sr2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sr(s) −2.899 [17] 鍶 Sr(OH) 2(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sr(s)＋2OH⁻ −2.88 [13] 钙 Ca2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ca(s) −2.868 [17] 銨 NH+ 4＋e⁻ ⇌ NH 4• −2.85 铕 Eu2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Eu(s) −2.812 [17] 镭 Ra2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ra(s) −2.8 [17] 鐿 Yb2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Yb(s) −2.76 [13][10] 钠 Na+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Na(s) −2.71 [17][19] 釤 Sm2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sm(s) −2.68 [13][10] 锘 No2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ No(s) −2.50 [13] 鉿 HfO(OH) 2(s)＋H₂O＋4e⁻ ⇌ Hf(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.50 [13] 釷 Th(OH) 4(s)＋4e⁻ ⇌ Th(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.48 [13] 鍆 Md2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Md(s) −2.40 [13] 镧 La3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ La(s) −2.379 [17] 钇 Y3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Y(s) −2.372 [17] 镁 Mg2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Mg(s) −2.372 [17] 鋯 ZrO(OH) 2(s)＋H₂O＋4e⁻ ⇌ Zr(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.36 [17] 镨 Pr3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Pr(s) −2.353 [13] 鈰 Ce3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ce(s) −2.336 [13] 鉺 Er3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Er(s) −2.331 [13] 鈥 Ho3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ho(s) −2.33 [13] 鋁 Al(OH)− 4＋3e⁻ ⇌ Al(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.33 鋁 Al(OH) 3(s)＋3e⁻ ⇌ Al(s)＋3OH⁻ −2.31 鋱 Tb3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Tb(s) −2.28 氢 H 2(g)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2H− −2.25 锕 Ac3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ac(s) −2.20 鈹 Be+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Be(s) −2.12 [12] 鉲 Cf2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Cf(s) −2.12 [13] 鋂 Am3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Am(s) −2.048 [13] 鉲 Cf3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Cf(s) −1.94 [13] 钙 Ca2+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ca+ −1.936 [17][13] 鋂 Am2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Am(s) −1.9 [13] 鐨 Fm3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Fm(s) −1.89 [13] 铍 Be2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Be(s) −1.85 鑪 Rf4+ ＋4e⁻ ⇌ Rf(s) −1.67 [20] 铀 U3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ U(s) −1.66 [21] 铝 Al3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Al(s) −1.66 [19] 钛 Ti2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ti(s) −1.63 [19] 鉳 Bk2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Bk(s) −1.6 [13] 锆 ZrO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ Zr(s)＋2H₂O −1.553 [17] 鉿 Hf4+ ＋4e⁻ ⇌ Hf(s) −1.55 [13] 锆 Zr4+ ＋4e⁻ ⇌ Zr(s) −1.45 [17] 鈦 Ti3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ti(s) −1.37 [22] 鈦 TiO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ti(s)＋H₂O −1.31 鈦 Ti 2O 3(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2TiO(s)＋H₂O −1.23 鋅 Zn(OH)2− 4＋2e⁻ ⇌ Zn(s)＋4OH⁻ −1.199 [23] 錳 Mn2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Mn(s) −1.185 [23] 鐵 Fe(CN)4− 6＋6H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Fe(s)＋6HCN(aq) −1.16 [24] 釩 V2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ V(s) −1.175 [25] 碲 Te(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Te²⁻ −1.143 [25] 鈮 Nb3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Nb(s) −1.099 錫 Sn(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ SnH 4(g) −1.07 銦 In(OH) 3(s)＋3e⁻ ⇌ In(s)＋3OH⁻ −0.99 [13] 矽 SiO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ Si(s)＋2H₂O −0.91 硼 B(OH) 3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ B(s)＋3H₂O −0.89 鐵 Fe(OH) 2(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Fe(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.89 [24] 鐵 Fe₂O₃(s)＋3H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Fe(OH) 2(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.86 [24] 鈦 TiO2+ ＋2H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ Ti(s)＋H₂O −0.86 氢 2H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2(g)＋2OH⁻ −0.8277 [17] 鉍 Bi(s)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ BiH 3 −0.8 [23] 锌 Zn2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Zn(Hg) −0.7628 [17] 锌 Zn2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Zn(s) −0.7618 [17] 钽 Ta 2O 5(s)＋10H⁺＋10e⁻ ⇌ 2Ta(s)＋5H₂O −0.75 铬 Cr3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Cr(s) −0.74 金 [Au(CN)− 2]＋e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋2CN− −0.60 鉭 Ta3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ta(s) −0.6 鉛 PbO(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.58 鈦 2TiO 2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ti 2O 3(s)＋H₂O −0.56 镓 Ga3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ga(s) −0.53 鈾 U4+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ U3+ −0.52 [21] 磷 H 3PO 2(aq)＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ P（白）[26]＋2H₂O −0.508 [17] 磷 H 3PO 3(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 3PO 2(aq)＋H₂O −0.499 [17] 磷 H 3PO 3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ P（红）[26]＋3H₂O −0.454 [17] 铁 Fe2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Fe(s) −0.44 [19] 碳 2CO 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ (HO₂C)₂(aq) −0.43 鉻 Cr3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Cr2+ −0.42 镉 Cd2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Cd(s) −0.40 [19] 硒 SeO2− 3＋4e⁻＋3H₂O ⇌ Se＋6OH⁻ −0.37 [27] 锗 GeO 2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ GeO(s)＋H₂O −0.37 铜 Cu 2O(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Cu(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.360 [17] 铅 PbSO 4(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb(s)＋SO2− 4 −0.3588 [17] 铅 PbSO 4(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb(Hg)＋SO2− 4 −0.3505 [17] 铕 Eu3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Eu2+ −0.35 [21] 铟 In3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ In(s) −0.34 [25] 铊 Tl+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Tl(s) −0.34 [25] 硼 B3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ B(s) −0.31 锗 Ge(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ GeH 4(g) −0.29 钴 Co2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Co(s) −0.28 [17] 磷 H 3PO 4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 3PO 3(aq)＋H₂O −0.276 [17] 釩 V3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ V2+ −0.26 [19] 镍 Ni2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ni(s) −0.25 砷 As(s)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ AsH 3(g) −0.23 [25] 银 AgI(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋I− −0.15224 [23] 钼 MoO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ Mo(s)＋2H₂O −0.15 硅 Si(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ SiH 4(g) −0.14 錫 Sn2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sn(s) −0.13 氧 O 2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ HO 2•(aq) −0.13 铅 Pb2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb(s) −0.13 [19] 钨 WO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ W(s)＋2H₂O −0.12 磷 P（红）＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ PH 3(g) −0.111 [17] 碳 CO 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ HCOOH(aq) −0.11 硒 Se(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2Se(g) −0.11 碳 CO 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ CO(g)＋H₂O −0.11 锡 SnO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sn(s)＋H₂O −0.10 锡 SnO 2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ SnO(s)＋H₂O −0.09 钨 WO 3(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ ⇌ W(s)＋3H₂O −0.09 [25] 磷 P（白）＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ PH 3(g) −0.063 [17] 氘 2D+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ D 2(g) −0.044 鐵 Fe3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Fe(s) −0.04 [24] 碳（甲酸） HCO₂H(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ HCHO(aq)＋H₂O −0.03 氫 2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2(g) −0.00 ≡0 銀 AgBr(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋Br⁻ +0.07133 [23] 硫 S 4O2− 6＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2S 2O2− 3 +0.08 铁 Fe 3O 4(s)＋8H⁺＋8e⁻ ⇌ 3Fe(s)＋4H₂O +0.085 [28] 氮 N 2(g)＋2H₂O＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ ⇌ 2NH 4OH(aq) +0.092 汞 HgO(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ Hg(l)＋2OH⁻ +0.0977 銅 Cu(NH 3)2+ 4＋e⁻ ⇌ Cu(NH 3)+ 2＋2NH 3 +0.10 [25] 钌 Ru(NH₃)₆³⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Ru(NH₃)₆²⁺ +0.10 [21] 肼 N 2H 4(aq)＋4H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2NH+ 4＋4OH⁻ +0.11 [16] 钼 H 2MoO 4(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ ⇌ Mo(s)＋4H₂O +0.11 鍺 Ge4+ ＋4e⁻ ⇌ Ge(s) +0.12 碳 C(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ CH 4(g) +0.13 [25] 碳 HCHO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ CH 3OH(aq) +0.13 硫 S(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2S(g) +0.14 錫 Sn4+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sn2+ +0.15 铜 Cu2+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Cu+ +0.159 [25] 硫 HSO− 4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ SO 2(aq)＋2H₂O +0.16 铀 UO2+ 2＋e⁻ ⇌ UO+ 2 +0.163 [21] 硫 SO2− 4＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ SO 2(aq)＋2H₂O +0.17 鈦 TiO2+ ＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Ti3+＋H₂O +0.19 鉍 Bi3+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Bi+ +0.2 銻 SbO+ ＋2H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ Sb(s)＋H₂O +0.20 碳 CO 2(g)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ C(s)＋2H₂O +0.205 銀 AgCl(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋Cl− +0.22233 [23] 砷 H 3AsO 3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ As(s)＋3H₂O +0.24 鍺 GeO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ge(s)＋H₂O +0.26 鈾 UO+ 2＋4H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ U4+ ＋2H₂O +0.273 [21] 砹 At 2＋e⁻ ⇌ 2At− +0.3 [13] 錸 Re3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Re(s) +0.300 鉍 Bi3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Bi(s) +0.32 钒 VO2+ ＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ V3+ ＋H₂O +0.34 銅 Cu2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Cu(s) +0.340 [25] 鐵氰 [Fe(CN) 6]3− ＋e⁻ ⇌ [Fe(CN)₆]₄⁻ +0.36 鎝 Tc2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Tc(s) +0.40 [13] 氧 O 2(g)＋2H₂O＋4e⁻ ⇌ 4OH⁻(aq) +0.40 [19] 鉬 H 2MoO 4＋6H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ Mo3+ ＋2H₂O +0.43 釕 Ru2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ru(s) +0.455 [13] 鉍 Bi+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Bi(s) +0.50 碳 CH 3OH(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ CH 4(g)＋H₂O +0.50 硫 SO 2(aq)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ S(s)＋2H₂O +0.50 銅 Cu+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Cu(s) +0.520 [25] 碳 CO(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ C(s)＋H₂O +0.52 碘 I− 3＋2e⁻ ⇌ 3I− +0.53 [19] 碘 I 2(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2I− +0.54 [19] 金 [AuI− 4]＋3e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋4I− +0.56 砷 H 3AsO 4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 3AsO 3(aq)＋H₂O +0.56 金 [AuI 2]− ＋e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋2I− +0.58 錳 MnO− 4＋2H₂O＋3e⁻ ⇌ MnO 2(s)＋4OH⁻ +0.59 銠 Rh+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Rh(s) +0.600 [13] 硫 S 2O2− 3＋6H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ 2S(s)＋3H₂O +0.60 鐵（二茂鐵） Fe(C 5H 5) 2＋e⁻ ⇌ Fe(C 5H 5) 2(s) +0.641 [29] 银 CH₃CO₂Ag＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag＋CH₃CO₂⁻ +0.643 [13] 鉬 H 2MoO 4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ MoO 2(s)＋2H₂O +0.65 苯醌 ＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ +0.6992 [23] 氧 O 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2O 2(aq) +0.70 鉈 Tl3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Tl(s) +0.72 鉑氯 PtCl2− 6＋2e⁻ ⇌ PtCl2− 4＋2Cl− +0.726 [21] 硒 H 2SeO 3(aq)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ Se(s)＋3H₂O +0.74 銠 Rh3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Rh(s) +0.758 [13] 鉑 PtCl2− 4＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pt(s)＋4Cl− +0.758 [21] 鐵 Fe3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Fe2+ +0.77 銀 Ag+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s) +0.7996 [17] 汞 Hg2+ 2＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Hg(l) +0.80 氮（硝） NO− 3(aq)＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ NO 2(g)＋H₂O +0.80 鐵 FeO2− 4＋5H₂O＋6e⁻ ⇌ Fe 2O 3(s)＋10OH⁻ +0.81 [24] 金 [AuBr 4]− ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋4Br− +0.85 汞 Hg2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Hg(l) +0.85 錳 MnO− 4＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ HMnO− 4 +0.90 汞 2Hg2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Hg2+ 2 +0.91 [25] 鈀 Pd2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pd(s) +0.915 [21] 金 [AuCl 4]− ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋4Cl− +0.93 錳 MnO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Mn3+ ＋2H₂O +0.95 金 [AuBr 2]− ＋e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋2Br− +0.96 氙 [HXeO 6]3− ＋2H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ [HXeO 4]− ＋4OH⁻ +0.99 [30] 氮（硝） HNO 2＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ NO(g)＋H₂O +0.996 碲 H 6TeO 6(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ TeO 2(s)＋4H₂O +1.02 [31] 溴 Br 2(l)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Br− +1.065 溴 Br 2(aq)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Br− +1.087 [19] 氮（硝） NO 2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ HNO 2 +1.093 碘 IO− 3＋5H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ HIO(aq)＋2H₂O +1.13 [AuCl− 2]＋e⁻ ⇌ Au(s)＋2Cl− +1.15 硒 HSeO− 4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H 2SeO 3(aq)＋H₂O +1.15 銥 Ir3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Ir(s) +1.156 [13] 銀 Ag 2O(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Ag(s)＋H₂O +1.17 氯 ClO− 3＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ ClO 2(g)＋H₂O +1.18 氙 [HXeO 6]3− ＋5H₂O＋8e⁻ ⇌ Xe(g)＋11OH⁻ +1.18 [30] 铂 Pt2+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pt(s) +1.188 [21] 氯 ClO 2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ HClO 2(aq) +1.19 碘 2IO− 3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ ⇌ I 2(s)＋6H₂O +1.20 氯 ClO− 4＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ ClO− 3＋H₂O +1.20 氧 O 2(g)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ 2H₂O +1.229 [19] 錳 MnO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Mn2+ ＋2H₂O +1.23 氙 [HXeO 4]− ＋3H₂O＋6e⁻ ⇌ Xe(g)＋7OH⁻ +1.24 [30] 鉈 Tl3+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Tl+ +1.25 鉻 Cr 2O2− 7＋14H⁺＋6e⁻ ⇌ 2Cr3+ ＋7H₂O +1.33 氯 Cl 2(g)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Cl− +1.36 [19] 鈷 CoO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Co3+ ＋2H₂O +1.42 2NH3OH+ ＋H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ N 2H+ 5＋2H₂O +1.42 [16] 碘 2HIO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ I 2(s)＋2H₂O +1.44 鈰 Ce4+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ce3+ +1.44 溴 BrO− 3＋5H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ HBrO(aq)＋2H₂O +1.45 铅 β-PbO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb2+ ＋2H₂O +1.460 [25] 铅 α-PbO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb2+ ＋2H₂O +1.468 [25] 溴 2BrO− 3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ ⇌ Br 2(l)＋6H₂O +1.48 氯 2ClO− 3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ ⇌ Cl 2(g)＋6H₂O +1.49 氧（超氧） HO 2＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ H 2O 2 +1.495 [13] 錳 MnO− 4＋8H⁺＋5e⁻ ⇌ Mn2+ ＋4H₂O +1.51 HO 2•＋H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ H 2O 2(aq) +1.51 金 Au3+ ＋3e⁻ ⇌ Au(s) +1.52 鎳 NiO 2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ni2+ ＋2OH⁻ +1.59 氯 HClO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Cl 2(g)＋2H₂O +1.63 銀 Ag 2O 3(s)＋6H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ 2Ag+ ＋3H₂O +1.67 氯 HClO 2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ HClO(aq)＋H₂O +1.67 鉛 Pb4+ ＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb2+ +1.69 [25] 錳 MnO− 4＋4H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ MnO 2(s)＋2H₂O +1.70 銀 AgO(s)＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag+ ＋H₂O +1.77 氧（過氧） H 2O 2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2H₂O +1.776 鈷 Co3+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Co2+ +1.82 金 Au+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Au(s) +1.83 [25] 溴 BrO− 4＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ BrO− 3＋H₂O +1.85 銀 Ag2+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag+ +1.98 [25] 氧（過氧） S 2O2− 8＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2SO2− 4 +2.07 氧 O 3(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ O 2(g)＋H₂O +2.075 [21] 錳 HMnO− 4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ MnO 2(s)＋2H₂O +2.09 氙 XeO 3(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ ⇌ Xe(g)＋3H₂O +2.12 [30] 氧（氟氧） OF₂＋2H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ 2F− ＋H₂O +2.153 [13] 氙 H 4XeO 6(aq)＋8H⁺＋8e⁻ ⇌ Xe(g)＋6H₂O +2.18 [30] 鐵 FeO2− 4＋8H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ Fe3+ ＋4H₂O +2.20 [32] 氙 XeF 2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Xe(g)＋2HF(aq) +2.32 [30] 氙 H 4XeO 6(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ XeO 3(aq)＋H₂O +2.42 [30] 氟 F 2(g)＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2F− +2.87 [25][19] 氟 F 2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2HF(aq) +3.05 [25] 鋱 Tb4+ ＋e⁻ ⇌ Tb3+ +3.05 [13] ^ 在Safari的v.4.0.3或更早版本（v4.0.5可正常工作）上单击这一列可能不会工作。在这种情况下仅仅需要刷新页面恢复原始顺序。 參見 标准电极电势 金属活动性 元素活性 参考资料 ^ Milazzo, G., Caroli, S., and Sharma, V. K. (1978). Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials (Wiley, Chichester). ^ Bard, A. J., Parsons, R., and Jordan, J. (1985). Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions (Marcel Dekker, New York). ^ Bratsch, S. G. (1989). Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data Vol. 18, pp. 1–21. ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2006). "Electrochemical Series," in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 87th Edition （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Chemical Rubber Company). ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2007). “Electrochemical Series” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Chemical Rubber Company). ^ Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.  ^ Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.(2001). Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons Inc). ^ Marcel Pourbaix (1966). Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions (NACE International, Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels). ^ Peter Atkins (1997). Physical Chemistry, 6th edition (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York). ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Milazzo, G., Caroli, S., and Sharma, V. K. (1978). Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials (Wiley, Chichester). ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Bratsch, S. G. (1989). Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data Vol. 18, pp. 1–21. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Ca Sr Ba一價[11]與兩價間的標準電極電勢正好有規律關係，因此可以估計近似值 ^ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30 13.31 13.32 13.33 13.34 13.35 13.36 Standard Redox Potential Table. [2012-01-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-06）.  ^ 14.0 14.1 Lide, David R. (编), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87th, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8493-0487-3  ^ Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1263 ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.  ^ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 17.19 17.20 17.21 17.22 17.23 17.24 17.25 17.26 17.27 17.28 17.29 17.30 Vanýsek, Petr (2007). “Electrochemical Series” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Chemical Rubber Company). ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2006). "Electrochemical Series," in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 87th Edition （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Chemical Rubber Company). ^ 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 Peter Atkins (1997). Physical Chemistry, 6th edition (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York). ^ Ti Zr Hf 的標準電極電勢變化較規律，因此可估計 Rf的標準電極電勢 ^ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.(2001). Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons Inc). ^ Gordon Aylward & Tristan Findlay (2008). "SI Chemical Data", 6th edition (John Wiley & Sons, Australia), ISBN 9780470816387. ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 Vanýsek, Petr (2007). “Electrochemical Series”, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition (Chemical Rubber Company). ^ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements | Iron | compounds information. [2012-01-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-18）.  ^ 25.00 25.01 25.02 25.03 25.04 25.05 25.06 25.07 25.08 25.09 25.10 25.11 25.12 25.13 25.14 25.15 25.16 25.17 25.18 Bard, A. J., Parsons, R., and Jordan, J. (1985). Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions (Marcel Dekker, New York). ^ 26.0 26.1 由−0.454和(2×−0.499＋−0.508)÷3＝−0.502推算出。 ^ “Glyoxal Bisulfite” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 3, p.438 (1955). ^ Marcel Pourbaix (1966). Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions (NACE International, Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels). ^ Connelly, Neil G.; Geiger, William E. Chemical Redox Agents for Organometallic Chemistry. Chemical Reviews. 1 January 1996, 96 (2): 877–910. PMID 11848774. doi:10.1021/cr940053x.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) ^ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements | Xenon | compounds information. [2012-01-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-22）.  ^ Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 6th, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1999, ISBN 0-471-19957-5  ^ Redox Reactions, Western Oregon University website. [2012-01-15]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-30）.  Standard Reduction Potentials （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Standard Electrode Potentials in Aqueous Solution at 25°C （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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Prefix: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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