Augusta, Lady Gregory 出生 Isabella Augusta Persse (1852-03-15 ) 1852年3月15日愛爾蘭戈尔韦郡 罗克斯伯勒 逝世 1932年5月22日(1932歲—05—22 ) (80歲)愛爾蘭戈爾韋郡戈特 墓地 戈尔韦 国籍 愛爾蘭 职业 劇作家、民俗學家、劇院經理 知名于 爱尔兰文學复兴 配偶 威廉·亨利·格雷戈里 (结婚— 结束)儿女 威廉·羅伯特·格雷戈里(William Robert Gregory) 亲属 休·莱恩 爵士(外甥)
格雷戈里夫人伊莎貝拉·奧古斯塔 (Isabella Augusta, Lady Gregory;1852年3月15日—1932年5月22日)[ 1] ,原姓珀斯 (Persse),是一名劇作家、民俗學家和劇院經理。她與葉芝 、爱德华·马丁 一起創辦了爱尔兰文学剧院 和阿比剧院 ,並為兩所劇院創作了大量的劇本。此外,她也以愛爾蘭神話 為本寫了不少小說。她是愛爾蘭文學復興 中的重要人物,該運動中的許多人物都曾到她家聚會。
生平
她出生於愛爾蘭戈尔韦郡 罗克斯伯勒(Roxborough)的鄉紳家庭,母親弗蘭西斯·巴里和是第一代吉勒莫爾子爵斯坦迪什·奧格拉迪(Standish O'Grady, 1st Viscount Guillamore)的親戚,母親家就在羅克斯伯勒有大量地產,但很大一部分在愛爾蘭內戰 期間焚毀。伊莎貝拉在家裡接受教育,受家其保姆瑪麗·謝立丹(Mary Sheridan)影響很大。
1880年3月4日,她和比她大35歲的鰥夫威廉·亨利·格雷戈里 爵士在都柏林的聖马提亚教堂(St Matthias' Church)結婚。格雷戈里當時剛剛卸任英屬錫蘭 總督,但也是一位很有文學修養的紳士。格雷戈里在倫敦有一所房子,夫婦二人大部分時間都在那裡度過,每週舉辦沙龍,遍邀文藝界名人。罗伯特·勃朗宁 、丁尼生 、約翰·艾佛雷特·米萊 和亨利·詹姆斯 都曾是她家的座上賓。1881年,格雷戈里夫人誕下一子羅伯特。羅伯特在第一次世界大戰 期間當上飛行員,最終戰死。葉芝 後來據此事寫成《預見自己死亡的愛爾蘭飛行員》(An Irish Airman Foresees His Death)。[ 5]
參考文獻
參考書目
Coxhead, Elizabeth, Lady Gregory: a literary portrait, Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961
DiBattista, Maria; McDiarmid, Lucy, High and Low Moderns: Literature and Culture, 1889–1939, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996
Dick, Susan; Ellmann, Richard; Kiberd, Declan, Essays for Richard Ellmann: Omnium Gatherum, The Yearbook of English Studies, 22 Medieval Narrative Special Number (McGill-Queen's Press), 1992,, 22 Medieval Narrative Special Number
Ellis, Samantha, The Playboy of the Western World, Dublin, 1907 , The Guardian, 2003-04-16 [2020-02-17 ] , (原始内容存档 于2008-02-09)
Emerson Rogers, Howard, Irish Myth and the Plot of Ulysses, ELH, December 1948, 15 (4): 306–327
Foster, R. F, W. B. Yeats: A Life, Vol. II: The Arch-Poet 1915–1939 , New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-19-818465-4
Frazier, Adrian, The double life of a lady, The Irish Times, 2002-03-23
Garrigan Mattar, Sinéad, Primitivism, Science, and the Irish Revival, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-19-926895-9
Genet, Jacqueline, The Big House in Ireland: Reality and Representation, Barnes & Noble, 1991
Goldsmith, Oliver, The Works of Oliver Goldsmith, London: John Murray, 1854, OCLC 2180329
Gonzalez, Alexander G, Modern Irish Writers: A Bio-Critical Sourcebook, Greenwood Press, 1997
Gordon, Donald James, W. B. Yeats: images of a poet: my permanent or impermanent images, Manchester University Press ND, 1970
Graham, Rigby. "Letter from Dublin", American Notes & Queries, Vol. 10, 1972
Gregory, Augusta, Seventy years: being the autobiography of Lady Gregory, Macmillan, 1976
Hennessy, Caroline, Lady Gregory: An Irish Life by Judith Hill , Raidió Teilifís Éireann, 2005-12-30 [2020-02-17 ] , (原始内容存档 于2009-04-06)
Holmes, John, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and the Late Victorian Sonnet Sequence, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005
Igoe, Vivien, A Literary Guide to Dublin, Methuen, 1994, ISBN 0-413-69120-9
Kavanagh, Peter, The Story of the Abbey Theatre: From Its Origins in 1899 to the Present, New York: Devin-Adair, 1950
Kermode, Frank, Romantic Image, New York: Vintage Books, 1957
Kirkpatrick, Kathryn, Border Crossings: Irish Women Writers and National Identities, Tuscaloosa: University Of Alabama Press, 2000
Komesu, Okifumi; Sekine, Masuru, Irish Writers and Politics, Rowman & Littlefield, 1990, ISBN 0-389-20926-0
Love, Damian, Sailing to Ithaca: Remaking Yeats in Ulysses, The Cambridge Quarterly, 2007, 36 (1): 1–10
McCormack, William, The Blackwell Companion to Modern Irish Culture, Oxford: Blackwell, 1999
Murray, Christopher, Introduction to the abbeyonehundred Special Lecture Series (PDF) , www.abbeytheatre.ie, (原始内容 (PDF) 存档于2008-03-07)
Owens, Cóilín; Radner, Joan Newlon, Irish Drama, 1900–1980, CUA Press, 1990
Pethica, James, Lady Gregory's Diaries 1892–1902, Colin Smythe, 1995, ISBN 0-86140-306-1
Pethica, James L., Gregory, (Isabella) Augusta, Lady Gregory (1852–1932) , Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press), 2004 [2020-02-17 ] , (原始内容存档 于2019-09-11)
Ryan, Philip B, The Lost Theatres of Dublin, The Badger Press, 1998, ISBN 0-9526076-1-1
Shrank, Bernice; Demastes, William, Irish playwrights, 1880–1995, Westport: Greenwood Press, 1997
Tuohy, Frank, Yeats, London: Herbert, 1991
Yeats, William Butler, Writings on Irish Folklore, Legend and Myth, Penguin Classics, 2002 [1993], ISBN 0-14-018001-X
Yeats, William Butler, Kelly, John; Schuchard, Richard , 编, The collected letters of W. B. Yeats, Oxford University Press, 2005
Brief History of Coole Park , Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, [2013-04-06 ] , (原始内容 存档于2013-04-15)
Representing the Great War: Texts and Contexts 8th, The Norton Anthology of English Literature, [2020-02-17 ] , (原始内容 存档于2019-05-15)
擴展閱讀
Kohfeldt, Mary Lou, Lady Gregory: The Woman Behind the Irish Renaissance , André Deutsch, 1984, ISBN 0-689-11486-9
McDiarmid, Lucy; Waters, Maureen, Lady Gregory: Selected Writings, Penguin Twentieth Century Classics, 1996, ISBN 0-14-018955-6
Napier, Taura, Seeking a Country: Literary Autobiographies of Irish Women". University Press of America , 2001;, ISBN 0-7618-1934-7
Boland, Eavan (编), Irish Writers on Writing featuring Augusta, Lady Gregory, Trinity University Press, 2007
Plays Produced by the Abbey Theatre Co. and its Predecessors, with dates of First Performances , [2004-11-04 ] , (原始内容存档 于2020-06-21)
外部連接