Hush, Little Baby

Hush, Little Baby是一首美國南部的傳統搖籃曲,歌詞為安撫情緒低落的孩子並允諾贈送禮物的角度而出發,父母因擔憂孩子而制定一系列的應變計劃,以防止承諾與目的落空,歌曲結構簡單且允許隨意添加更多詩句,此曲收錄於勞德民歌索引英语Roud Folk Song Index第480目[1][2]

歷史背景

像大多數民歌一樣,作者和創作日期皆不清楚,而英國民俗學家Cecil Sharp英语Cecil Sharp於1918年對此曲在弗吉尼亚州恩迪科特英语Endicott, Virginia版本進行收錄[3],並將Julie Boone在北卡羅來納州米卡維爾英语Micaville, North Carolina演唱的版本分別標註,而Julie Boone演唱的版本是具有完整歌詞的[4][5]詹姆斯·麥迪遜·卡彭特英语James Madison Carpenter曾於1929年至1935年間在北卡羅來納州德罕留聲機圓筒錄製此曲,並已在沃恩威廉斯紀念圖書館英语Vaughan Williams Memorial Library公開釋出[6]

阿倫·羅馬克斯在20世紀30年代和40年代於美國南部錄製了此曲的幾種不同的傳統版本[7][1],其中包括傳統歌手得克薩斯·格萊登英语Texas Gladden所演唱的版本,而這些版本在旋律和歌詞上都與現在流行的版本有所不同[8]。阿倫·羅馬克斯所創作的所有版本中,有一版是由阿巴拉契亞音樂家珍·里奇英语Jean Ritchie在1949年所演唱並在其家族保存及流傳[2][9]。珍·里奇的版本與後來成名的版本完全相同,由於傳統且抒情的旋律及歌詞的多樣性,間接影響與其合作過的藝術家,諸如紡織工樂隊琼·贝兹等人[10][11]

歌詞結構

有一個簡單的結構,由一系列押韻的對子所組成,可以觀察到此曲會以不同的禮物為空望,以達到安慰孩童情緒的哄孩子手段。最常見的歌詞版本如下:

Hush, little baby, don't say a word,
Mama's gonna buy you a mockingbird.

If that mockingbird don't sing,
Mama's gonna buy you a diamond ring.

If that diamond ring turns brass,
Mama's gonna buy you a looking glass.

If that looking glass gets broke,
Mama's gonna buy you a billy-goat.

If that billy-goat don't pull,
Mama's gonna buy you a cart and bull.

If that cart and bull turn over,
Mama's gonna buy you a dog named Rover.

If that dog named Rover don't bark,
Mama's gonna buy you a horse and cart.

If that horse and cart fall down,
You'll still be the sweetest little baby in town.

參考來源

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Hush Little Baby (Roud Folksong Index S300927). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Hush Little Baby (Roud Folksong Index S341770). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  3. ^ The Mocking Bird (Cecil Sharp Manuscript Collection (at Clare College, Cambridge) CJS2/10/4501). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  4. ^ The Mocking Bird (Cecil Sharp Manuscript Collection (at Clare College, Cambridge) CJS2/9/3315). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  5. ^ The Mocking Bird (Nursery Song) (Cecil Sharp Manuscript Collection (at Clare College, Cambridge) CJS2/10/4775). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  6. ^ Mama, Mama, Have You Heard? (VWML Song Index SN18174). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  7. ^ Hush My Baby Don't You Cry (Roud Folksong Index S238332). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  8. ^ Hush Baby Don't You Cry (Roud Folksong Index S238323). The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. [2020-11-22] (英国英语). 
  9. ^ Commentary by Jean Ritchie on Dance To Your Daddy / Hush Little Baby | Lomax Digital Archive. archive.culturalequity.org. [2021-10-12] (英语). 
  10. ^ Thompson, Richard. Jean Ritchie remembered. Bluegrass Today. 2015-07-03 [2020-11-22] (美国英语). 
  11. ^ Jean Ritchie. The Times. [2020-11-22]. ISSN 0140-0460 (英语). 
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