List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: G–K
This article contains a list of the most studied restriction enzymes whose names start with G to K inclusive. It contains approximately 90 enzymes.
The following information is given:
Enzyme : Accepted name of the molecule , according to the internationally adopted nomenclature [ 1] [ 2] , and bibliographical references . (Further reading: see the section "Nomenclature " in the article "Restriction enzyme ".)
PDB code : Code used to identify the structure of a protein in the PDB database of protein structures. The 3D atomic structure of a protein provides highly valuable information to understand the intimate details of its mechanism of action[ 3] [ 4] .
Source : Organism that naturally produces the enzyme.
Recognition sequence : Sequence of DNA recognized by the enzyme and to which it specifically binds.
Cut : Cutting site and DNA products of the cut. The recognition sequence and the cutting site usually match, but sometimes the cutting site can be dozens of nucleotides away from the recognition site[ 5] [ 6] .
Isoschizomers and neoschizomers : An isoschizomer is an enzyme that recognizes the same sequence as another. A neoschizomer is a special type of isoschizomer that recognizes the same sequence as another, but cuts in a different manner. A maximum number of 8-10 most common isoschizomers are indicated for every enzyme but there may be many more. Neoschizomers are shown in bold and green color font (e.g.: BamHI ). When "None on date " is indicated, that means that there were no registered isoschizomers in the databases on that date with a clearly defined cutting site. Isoschizomers indicated in white font and grey background correspond to enzymes not listed in the current lists:
as in this not listed enzyme:
EcoR70I
Whole list navigation
Restriction enzymes
G
H
Enzyme
PDB code
Source
Recognition sequence
Cut
Isoschizomers
HacI
Halococcus acetoinfaciens
5' GATC
3' CTAG
5' --- GATC--- 3'
3' ---CTAG --- 5'
Bme12I, Bsp67I, BstENII, CcyI, FnuEI, MgoI, NphI, Sau3AI
HaeI
Haemophilus aegyptius
5' WGGCCW
3' WCCGGW
5' ---WGG CCW--- 3'
3' ---WCC GGW--- 5'
HaeII
Haemophilus aegypticus
5' RGCGCY
3' YCGCGR
5' ---RGCGC Y--- 3'
3' ---Y CGCGR--- 5'
AccB2I,
BfoI,
Bme142I ,
Bsp143II, BstH2I, LpnI
HaeIII
Haemophilus aegypticus
5' GGCC
3' CCGG
5' ---GG CC--- 3'
3' ---CC GG--- 5'
BsuRI
HaeIV
Haemophilus aegyptius
5' GAYN5 RTC
3' CTRN5 YAG
5' ---GAYN5 RTCN8 NNNNNN --- 3'
3' ---CTRN5 YAGN8 N NNNNN--- 5'
HalI
Hafnia alvei B6
5' GAATTC
3' CTTAAG
5' ---G AATTC--- 3'
3' ---CTTAA G--- 5'
HalII
Hafnia alvei B6
5' CTGCAG
3' GACGTC
5' ---CTGCA G--- 3'
3' ---G ACGTC--- 5'
AjoI, AliAJI, Bsp63I, CfrA4I, CfuII, CstI, PstI, SflI, Srl5DI, Sst12I
HapII
Haemophilus aphrophilus
5' CCGG
3' GGCC
5' ---C CGG--- 3'
3' ---GGC C--- 5'
HgaI [ 7]
Haemophilus gallinarum
5' GACGC
3' CTGCG
5' ---GACGCN4 N NNNNN--- 3'
3' ---CTGCGN4 NNNNNN --- 5'
HgiI
Herpetosiphon giganteus 3303
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AsuIII, BbiII, BstACI, HgiGI, HgiHII, Hin1I, PamII
HgiAI
Herpetosiphon giganteus HP1023
5' GWGCWC
3' CWCGWG
5' ---GWGCW C--- 3'
3' ---C WCGWG--- 5'
Alw21I, AspHI, Bsh45I, BsiHKAI,
Bsm6I, HpyF46II,
MspV281I
HgiBI
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpg5
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme18I, BthAI, DsaIV, ErpI, FspMSI, HgiEI, Psp03I , VpaK11AI
HgiCI
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpg9
5' GGYRCC
3' CCRYGG
5' ---G GYRCC--- 3'
3' ---CCRYG G--- 5'
AccB1I, BanI, BspT107I, BshNI, Eco64I, HgiHI, MspB4I, PfaAI
HgiCII
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpg9
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme18I, BthAI, DsaIV, FspMSI, HgiHIII, Psp03I , VpaK11AI
HgiCIII
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpg9
5' GTCGAC
3' CAGCTG
5' ---G TCGAC--- 3'
3' ---CAGCT G--- 5'
HgiDI
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpa2
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AsuIII, BbiII, BstACI, HgiGI, HgiI, Hin1I, PamII
HgiDII
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpa2
5' GTCGAC
3' CAGCTG
5' ---G TCGAC--- 3'
3' ---CAGCT G--- 5'
HgiEI
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpg24
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme216I, BthAI, DsaIV, ErpI, FspMSI, HgiHIII, VpaK11AI
HgiGI
Herpetosiphon giganteus Hpa1
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AosII, BbiII, BstACI, HgiI, HgiGI, Msp17I, PamII
HgiHI
Herpetosiphon giganteus HP1049
5' GGYRCC
3' CCRYGG
5' ---G GYRCC--- 3'
3' ---CCRYG G--- 5'
AccB1I, BanI, BspT107I, BshNI, Eco64I, HgiCI, MspB4I, PfaAI
HgiHII
Herpetosiphon giganteus HP1049
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AosII, AsuIII, BsaHI, BstACI, HgiGI, HgiHII, Msp17I, PamII
HgiHIII
Herpetosiphon giganteus HP1049
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme216I, DsaIV, ErpI, HgiBI, Psp03I , VpaK11AI , VpaK11BI
HgiJI
Herpetosiphon giganteus HFS101
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme216I, CauI, DsaIV, FdiI, HgiBI, HgiHIII, Psp03I , VpaK11AI
HgiJII
Herpetosiphon giganteus HFS101
5' GRGCYC
3' CYCGRG
5' ---GRGCY C--- 3'
3' ---C YCGRG--- 5'
HgiS22I
Herpetosiphon giganteus
5' CCSGG
3' GGSCC
5' ---CC SGG--- 3'
3' ---GGS CC--- 5'
AhaI, AseII, AsuC2I, BcnI, CauII, Eco1831I , EcoHI , Kpn49kII
HhaI
Haemophilus haemolyticus
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---GCG C--- 3'
3' ---C GCG--- 5'
AspLEI, BspLAI, BstHHI, CfoI, FnuDIII, Hin6I , HinP1I , SciNI
HhaII
Haemophilus haemolyticus
5' GANTC
3' CTNAG
5' ---G ANTC--- 3'
3' ---CTNA G--- 5'
Hin1I
Haemophilus influenzae RFL1
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AhaII, AosII, AstWI, AsuIII, HgiI, HgiDI, HgiDI, Hsp92I
Hin1II
Haemophilus influenzae RFL1
5' CATG
3' GTAC
5' ---CATG --- 3'
3' --- GTAC--- 5'
Hin2I
Haemophilus influenzae RFL2
5' CCGG
3' GGCC
5' ---C CGG--- 3'
3' ---GGC C--- 5'
Hin4I
Haemophilus influenzae RFL4
5' GAYN5 VTC
3' CTRN5 BAG
5' ---GAYN5 VTCN7 NNNNNN --- 3'
3' ---CTRN5 BAGN7 N NNNNN--- 5'
Hin6I
Haemophilus influenzae RFL6
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---G CGC--- 3'
3' ---CGC G--- 5'
AspLEI , BspLAI , BstHHI , CfoI , FnuDIII , HhaI , HsoI, HspAI, SciNI
HinJCI
Haemophilus influenzae JC9
5' GTYRAC
3' CARYTG
5' ---GTY RAC--- 3'
3' ---CAR YTG--- 5'
HinP1I
2FL3 Search PDBe
Haemophilus influenzae P1
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---G CGC--- 3'
3' ---CGC G--- 5'
BspLAI , BstHHI , CfoI , FnuDIII , HhaI , Hin6I, HsoI, HspAI, SciNI
HincII
2AUD Search PDBe
Haemophilus influenzae Rc
5' GTYRAC
3' CARYTG
5' ---GTY RAC--- 3'
3' ---CAR YTG--- 5'
HindII
Haemophilus influenzae Rd
5' GTYRAC
3' CARYTG
5' ---GTY RAC--- 3'
3' ---CAR YTG--- 5'
HindIII
2E52 , Search PDBe
Haemophilus influenzae Rd
5' AAGCTT
3' TTCGAA
5' ---A AGCTT--- 3'
3' ---TTCGA A--- 5'
HinfI
Haemophilus influenzae Rf
5' GANTC
3' CTNAG
5' ---G ANTC--- 3'
3' ---CTNA G--- 5'
HjaI
Hyphomonas jannaschiana
5' GATATC
3' CTATAG
5' ---GAT ATC--- 3'
3' ---CTA TAG--- 5'
HpaI
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
5' GTTAAC
3' CAATTG
5' ---GTT AAC--- 3'
3' ---CAA TTG--- 5'
HpaII
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
5' CCGG
3' GGCC
5' ---C CGG--- 3'
3' ---GGC C--- 5'
HphI
Haemophilus parahaemolyticus
5' GGTGA
3' CCACT
5' ---GGTGAN6 NN --- 3'
3' ---CCACTN6 N N--- 5'
AsuHPI, SspD5I
Hpy8I
Helicobacter pylori A 8-5
5' GTNNAC
3' CANNTG
5' ---GTN NAC--- 3'
3' ---CAN NTG--- 5'
Hpy51I
Helicobacter pylori 51
5' GTSAC
3' CASTG
5' --- GTSAC--- 3'
3' ---CASTG --- 5'
Hpy99I
3GOX
Helicobacter pylori J99
5' CGWCG
3' GCWGC
5' ---CGWCG --- 3'
3' --- GCWGC--- 5'
Hpy178III
Helicobacter pylori J178
5' TCNNGA
3' AGNNCT
5' ---TC NNGA--- 3'
3' ---AGNN CT--- 5'
Hpy188I
Helicobacter pylori J188
5' TCNGA
3' AGNCT
5' ---TCN GA--- 3'
3' ---AG NCT--- 5'
Hpy188III
Helicobacter pylori J188
5' TCNNGA
3' AGNNCT
5' ---TC NNGA--- 3'
3' ---AGNN CT--- 5'
HpyAV
Helicobacter pylori 26695
5' CCTTC
3' GGAAG
5' ---CCTTCN4 NN --- 3'
3' ---GGAAGN4 N N--- 5'
HpyBI
Helicobacter pylori Roberts
5' GTAC
3' CATG
5' ---GT AC--- 3'
3' ---CA TG--- 5'
AfaI, Csp6I , CviQI , CviRII , PabI , PlaAII, RsaI, RsaNI
HpyBII
Helicobacter pylori Roberts
5' GTNNAC
3' CANNTG
5' ---GTN NAC--- 3'
3' ---CAN NTG--- 5'
HpyCI
Helicobacter pylori
5' GATATC
3' CTATAG
5' ---GAT ATC--- 3'
3' ---CTA TAG--- 5'
HpyC1I
Helicobacter pylori
5' CCATC
3' GGTAG
5' ---CCATCNNNN N--- 3'
3' ---GGTAGNNNNN --- 5'
HpyCH4I
Helicobacter pylori CH4
5' CATG
3' GTAC
5' ---CATG --- 3'
3' --- GTAC--- 5'
HpyCH4III
Helicobacter pylori CH4
5' ACNGT
3' TGNCA
5' ---ACN GT--- 3'
3' ---TG NCA--- 5'
HpyCH4IV
Helicobacter pylori CH4
5' ACGT
3' TGCA
5' ---A CGT--- 3'
3' ---TGC A--- 5'
HpyCH4V
Helicobacter pylori CH4
5' TGCA
3' ACGT
5' ---TG CA--- 3'
3' ---AC GT--- 5'
HpyF10VI
Helicobacter pylori RFL10
5' GCN7 GC
3' CGN7 CG
5' ---GCNNNNN NNGC--- 3'
3' ---CGNN NNNNNCG--- 5'
HpyF44III
Helicobacter pylori RFL44
5' TGCA
3' ACGT
5' ---TG CA--- 3'
3' ---AC GT--- 5'
HsoI
Haemophilus somnus 2336
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---G CGC--- 3'
3' ---CGC G--- 5'
AspLEI , BstHHI , CfoI , FnuDIII , Hin6I, HinP1I, HspAI, SciNI
Hsp92I
Haemophilus sp. 92
5' GRCGYC
3' CYGCRG
5' ---GR CGYC--- 3'
3' ---CYGC RG--- 5'
AcyI, AhaII, AosII, AstWI, HgiI, HgiDI, HgiHII, Hin1I, Hsp92I
Hsp92II
Haemophilus sp. 92
5' CATG
3' GTAC
5' ---CATG --- 3'
3' --- GTAC--- 5'
HspAI
Haemophilus sp. A
5' GCGC
3' CGCG
5' ---G CGC--- 3'
3' ---CGC G--- 5'
AspLEI , BspLAI , BstHHI , FnuDIII , HhaI , Hin6I, HinP1I, HsoI, SciNI
HsuI
Haemophilus suis
5' AAGCTT
3' TTCGAA
5' ---A AGCTT--- 3'
3' ---TTCGA A--- 5'
I
K
Enzyme
PDB code
Source
Recognition sequence
Cut
Isoschizomers
KasI
Kluyvera ascorbata
5' GGCGCC
3' CCGCGG
5' ---G GCGCC--- 3'
3' ---CCGCG G--- 5'
Kaz48kI
Klebsiella azeanae
5' RGGNCCY
3' YCCNGGR
5' ---RGGNC CY--- 3'
3' ---YC CNGGR--- 5'
KoxII
Klebsiella oxytoca
5' GRGCYC
3' CYCGRG
5' ---GRGCY C--- 3'
3' ---C YCGRG--- 5'
KpnI [ 8]
Klebsiella pneumoniae OK8
5' GGTACC
3' CCATGG
5' ---GGTAC C--- 3'
3' ---C CATGG--- 5'
Acc65I , AhaB8I , Asp718I , SthI
Kpn2I
Klebsiella pneumoniae RFL2
5' TCCGGA
3' AGGCCT
5' ---T CCGGA--- 3'
3' ---AGGCC T--- 5'
Aor13HI, BbvAIII, BseAI, BsiMI, BspEI, BspMII, CauB3I, MroI
Kpn378I
Klebsiella pneumoniae 378
5' CCGCGG
3' GGCGCC
5' ---CCGC GG--- 3'
3' ---GG CGCC--- 5'
Kpn2kI
Klebsiella pneumoniae 2k
5' CCNGG
3' GGNCC
5' --- CCNGG--- 3'
3' ---GGNCC --- 5'
Kpn49kI
Klebsiella pneumoniae 49k
5' GAATTC
3' CTTAAG
5' ---G AATTC--- 3'
3' ---CTTAA G--- 5'
Kpn49kII
Klebsiella pneumoniae 49k
5' CCSGG
3' GGSCC
5' --- CCSGG--- 3'
3' ---GGSCC --- 5'
AhaI , AsuC2I , BcnI , CauII , EcoHI, HgiS22I , Mgl14481I , NciI
KspI
Kluyvera sp.
5' CCGCGG
3' GGCGCC
5' ---CCGC GG--- 3'
3' ---GG CGCC--- 5'
Ksp22I
Kurthia sp. 22
5' TGATCA
3' ACTAGT
5' ---T GATCA--- 3'
3' ---ACTAG T--- 5'
AbaI, BclI, BsiQI,
BspXII, BstT7I, FbaI,
ParI
Ksp632I
Kluyvera sp. 632
5' CTCTTC
3' GAGAAG
5' ---CTCTTCN NNN--- 3'
3' ---GAGAAGNNNN --- 5'
KspAI
Kurthia sp. N88
5' GTTAAC
3' CAATTG
5' ---GTT AAC--- 3'
3' ---CAA TTG--- 5'
Kzo9I
Kurthia zopfii 9
5' GATC
3' CTAG
5' --- GATC--- 3'
3' ---CTAG --- 5'
Bce243I, Bsp105I, BspFI, BstMBI, CpfI, LlaAI, NdeII, Sth368I
Kzo49I
Kurthia zopfii 49
5' GGWCC
3' CCWGG
5' ---G GWCC--- 3'
3' ---CCWG G--- 5'
Bme216I, CauI, DsaIV, FdiI, HgiBI, HgiHIII, Psp03I , VpaK11AI
Notes
^ Smith HO, Nathans D (December 1973). "Letter: A suggested nomenclature for bacterial host modification and restriction systems and their enzymes". J. Mol. Biol . 81 (3): 419– 23. doi :10.1016/0022-2836(73)90152-6 . PMID 4588280 .
^ Roberts RJ, Belfort M, Bestor T, Bhagwat AS, Bickle TA, Bitinaite J, Blumenthal RM, Degtyarev SK, Dryden DT, Dybvig K, Firman K, Gromova ES, Gumport RI, Halford SE, Hattman S, Heitman J, Hornby DP, Janulaitis A, Jeltsch A, Josephsen J, Kiss A, Klaenhammer TR, Kobayashi I, Kong H, Krüger DH, Lacks S, Marinus MG, Miyahara M, Morgan RD, Murray NE, Nagaraja V, Piekarowicz A, Pingoud A, Raleigh E, Rao DN, Reich N, Repin VE, Selker EU, Shaw PC, Stein DC, Stoddard BL, Szybalski W, Trautner TA, Van Etten JL, Vitor JM, Wilson GG, Xu SY (April 2003). "A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, homing endonucleases and their genes" . Nucleic Acids Res . 31 (7): 1805– 12. doi :10.1093/nar/gkg274 . PMC 152790 . PMID 12654995 .
^ Jeremy MB, John LT, Lubert S (2002). "3. Protein Structure and Function" . Biochemistry . San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-4684-0 .
^ Anfinsen C.B. (1973). "Principles that Govern the Folding of Protein Chains". Science . 181 (4096): 223– 30. doi :10.1126/science.181.4096.223 . PMID 4124164 .
^ Kessler C, Manta V (August 1990). "Specificity of restriction endonucleases and DNA modification methyltransferases a review (Edition 3)". Gene . 92 (1– 2): 1– 248. doi :10.1016/0378-1119(90)90486-B . PMID 2172084 .
^ Pingoud A, Jeltsch A (September 2001). "Structure and function of type II restriction endonucleases" . Nucleic Acids Res . 29 (18): 3705– 27. doi :10.1093/nar/29.18.3705 . PMC 55916 . PMID 11557805 .
^ R.J Roberts, 1988, Nucleic Acids Res. 16(suppl):271 From p.213 Molecular Cell Biology 4th Edition by Lodish, Berk, Zipursky, Matsudaira, Baltimore and Darnell.
^ Monty Krieger; Matthew P Scott; Matsudaira, Paul T.; Lodish, Harvey F.; Darnell, James E.; Lawrence Zipursky; Kaiser, Chris; Arnold Berk (2004). Molecular Cell Biology (5th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-4366-3 .
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