^ abcdefghiCrowther, Paul A.; Caballero-Nieves, S. M.; Bostroem, K. A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Schneider, F. R. N.; Walborn, N. R.; Angus, C. R.; Brott, I. et al. (2016). “The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS. I. Far-ultraviolet spectroscopic census and the origin of He II λ1640 in young star clusters”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society458 (1): 624–659. arXiv:1603.04994. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.458..624C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw273.
^ abHainich, R.; Rühling, U.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Liermann, A.; Gräfener, G.; Foellmi, C.; Schnurr, O. et al. (2014). “The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud”. Astronomy & Astrophysics565: A27. arXiv:1401.5474. Bibcode: 2014A&A...565A..27H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322696.
^Bestenlehner, J. M.; Gräfener, G.; Vink, J. S.; Najarro, F.; de Koter, A.; Sana, H.; Evans, C. J.; Crowther, P. A. et al. (2014). “The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey. XVII. Physical and wind properties of massive stars at the top of the main sequence”. Astronomy & Astrophysics570: A38. arXiv:1407.1837. Bibcode: 2014A&A...570A..38B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423643.
^ abSana, H.; Van Boeckel, T.; Tramper, F.; Ellerbroek, L. E.; De Koter, A.; Kaper, L.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Schnurr, O. et al. (2013). “R144 revealed as a double-lined spectroscopic binary”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters432: 26. arXiv:1304.4591. Bibcode: 2013MNRAS.432L..26S. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slt029.
^ abHainich, R.; Rühling, U.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Liermann, A.; Gräfener, G.; Foellmi, C.; Schnurr, O.; Hamann, W. -R. (2014). "The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud: A comprehensive analysis of the WN class". arXiv:1401.5474v1 [astro-ph.SR]。
^ abTehrani, Katie A.; Crowther, Paul A.; Bestenlehner, Joachim M.; Littlefair, Stuart P.; Pollock, A M T.; Parker, Richard J.; Schnurr, Olivier (2019). “Weighing Melnick 34: The most massive binary system known”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society484 (2): 2692–2710. arXiv:1901.04769. Bibcode: 2019MNRAS.484.2692T. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz147.
^Roman-Lopes, A.; Franco, G. A. P.; Sanmartim, D. (2016). “SOAR Optical and Near-infrared Spectroscopic Survey of Newly Discovered Massive Stars in the Periphery of Galactic Massive Star Clusters I-NGC 3603”. The Astrophysical Journal823 (2): 96. arXiv:1604.01096. Bibcode: 2016ApJ...823...96R. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/96.
^ abCrowther, Paul A.; et al. (2010-10), “The R136 star cluster hosts several stars whose individual masses greatly exceed the accepted 1 50 M⊙ stellar mass limit”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society408 (2): 731-751, arXiv:1007.3284, Bibcode: 2010MNRAS.408..731C, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17167.x
^Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". arXiv:1904.04687 [astro-ph.SR]。
^Oskinova, L. M.; Huenemoerder, D. P.; Hamann, W. -R.; Shenar, T.; Sander, A. A. C.; Ignace, R.; Todt, H.; Hainich, R. (2017). “On the Binary Nature of Massive Blue Hypergiants: High-resolution X-Ray Spectroscopy Suggests That Cyg OB2 12 is a Colliding Wind Binary”. The Astrophysical Journal845 (1): 39. arXiv:1707.04473. Bibcode: 2017ApJ...845...39O. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7e79.
^ abcNelan, Edmund P.; Walborn, Nolan R.; Wallace, Debra J.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Makidon, Russell B.; Gies, Douglas R.; Panagia, Nino (2004). “Resolving OB Systems in the Carina Nebula with the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor”. The Astronomical Journal128: 323–329. Bibcode: 2004AJ....128..323N. doi:10.1086/420716.
^ abcdTramper, F.; Sana, H.; Fitzsimons, N. E.; De Koter, A.; Kaper, L.; Mahy, L.; Moffat, A. (2016). “The mass of the very massive binary WR21a”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society455 (2): 1275–1281. arXiv:1510.03609. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.455.1275T. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2373.
^Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". arXiv:1904.04687 [astro-ph.SR]。
^Bestenlehner, J. M.; Gräfener, G.; Vink, J. S.; Najarro, F.; De Koter, A.; Sana, H.; Evans, C. J.; Crowther, P. A. et al. (2014). “The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey. XVII. Physical and wind properties of massive stars at the top of the main sequence”. Astronomy & Astrophysics570: A38. arXiv:1407.1837. Bibcode: 2014A&A...570A..38B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423643.
^ ab以下出典中の"観測スケールから得られたパラメータ"のほうを用い、スペクトル分類から推定値を導いた(表にない値については、線形補間にて算出)。Martins, F.; Schaerer, D.; Hillier, D. J. (2005). “A new calibration of stellar parameters of Galactic O stars”. Astronomy and Astrophysics436 (3): 1049–1065. arXiv:astro-ph/0503346. Bibcode: 2005A&A...436.1049M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042386.
^Kastner, J. H.; Buchanan, C. L.; Sargent, B.; Forrest, W. J. (2006). “SpitzerSpectroscopy of Dusty Disks around B\e] Hypergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud”. The Astrophysical Journal638: L29. Bibcode: 2006ApJ...638L..29K. doi:10.1086/500804.
^Rauw, G.; Sana, H.; Gosset, E.; Vreux, J.-M.; Jehin, E.; Parmentier, G. (2000). “A new orbital solution for the massive binary system HD 93403”. Astronomy and Astrophysics360: 1003. Bibcode: 2000A&A...360.1003R.
^Rauw, G.; Vreux, J.-M.; Stevens, I. R.; Gosset, E.; Sana, H.; Jamar, C.; Mason, K. O. (2002). “Phase-resolved X-ray and optical spectroscopy of the massive binary HD 93403”. Astronomy and Astrophysics388 (2): 552. Bibcode: 2002A&A...388..552R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020523.
^ abcFang, M.; Van Boekel, R.; King, R. R.; Henning, T.; Bouwman, J.; Doi, Y.; Okamoto, Y. K.; Roccatagliata, V. et al. (2012). “Star formation and disk properties in Pismis 24”. Astronomy & Astrophysics539: A119. arXiv:1201.0833. Bibcode: 2012A&A...539A.119F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015914.
^ abcShenar, T.; Hainich, R.; Todt, H.; Sander, A.; Hamann, W.-R.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Eldridge, J. J.; Pablo, H. et al. (2016). “Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud: II. Analysis of the binaries”. Astronomy & Astrophysics1604: A22. arXiv:1604.01022. Bibcode: 2016A&A...591A..22S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527916.
^Burggraf, B.; Weis, K.; Bomans, D. J. (2006). “LBVs in M33: Their Environments and Ages”. Stellar Evolution at Low Metallicity: Mass Loss353: 245. Bibcode: 2006ASPC..353..245B.
^ abVamvatira-Nakou, C.; Hutsemekers, D.; Royer, P.; Cox, N. L. J.; Naze, Y.; Rauw, G.; Waelkens, C.; Groenewegen, M. A. T. (2015). “The Herschel view of the nebula around the luminous blue variable star AG Carinae”. Astronomy & Astrophysics1504: 3204. arXiv:1504.03204. Bibcode: 2015A&A...578A.108V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425090.
^Williams, S. J.; Gies, D. R.; Henry, T. J.; Orosz, J. A.; McSwain, M. V.; Hillwig, T. C.; Penny, L. R.; Sonneborn, G. et al. (2008). “Dynamical Masses for the Large Magellanic Cloud Massive Binary System [L72] LH 54-425”. The Astrophysical Journal682: 492–498. arXiv:0802.4232. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...682..492W. doi:10.1086/589687.
^Hendry, M. A.; Smartt, S. J.; Skillman, E. D.; Evans, C. J.; Trundle, C.; Lennon, D. J.; Crowther, P. A.; Hunter, I. (2008). “The blue supergiant Sher 25 and its intriguing hourglass nebula”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society388 (3): 1127. arXiv:0803.4262. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.388.1127H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13347.x.
^ abBibby, J. L.; Crowther, P. A.; Furness, J. P.; Clark, J. S. (2008). “A downward revision to the distance of the 1806-20 cluster and associated magnetar from Gemini Near-Infrared Spectroscopy”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters386 (1): L23. arXiv:0802.0815. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.386L..23B. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00453.x.