卡岡杜亞鳥屬

戀酒卡岡杜亞鳥; 化石时期：晚白堊紀, 73.5–71.5 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ▼
	戀酒卡岡杜亞鳥（G. philoinos）正模標本，為發現於奧德河畔康帕涅的不完整骨盆化石
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目：	恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目：	蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目：	獸腳亞目 Theropoda
演化支：	鸟翼类 Avialae
科：	†卡岡杜亞鳥科 Gargantuaviidae; Buffetaut and Angst, 2019
属：	†卡岡杜亞鳥屬 Gargantuavis; Buffetaut & Le Loeuff, 1998
种：	†戀酒卡岡杜亞鳥 G. philoinos
二名法
	†Gargantuavis philoinos; Buffetaut & Le Loeuff, 1998

卡岡杜亞鳥屬（學名：Gargantuavis，意為「巨大的鳥類」）是已滅絕的大型原始鳥類，包含了單一物種戀酒卡岡杜亞鳥（Gargantuavis philoinos）^[1]，也是卡岡杜亞鳥科（Gargantuaviidae）下唯一的單型屬。化石發現於距今7,350萬至7,150萬年前的西班牙北部、法國南部及羅馬尼亞^[2]^[3]。卡岡杜亞鳥是中生代目前體型已知最大的鳥類，體型約介於現存的鶴鴕和鴕鳥之間，體重可達141公斤（311磅），與鴕鳥相近似，這代表非鳥類恐龍的滅絕並非是巨型陸棲鳥類出現的必要條件^[1]。牠們曾一度認為與現代鳥類密切相關，但2019年於哈采格島（現今的羅馬尼亞）發現的一個骨盆有發現到數個較為原始的特徵^[4]。

根據其股骨來看，卡岡杜亞鳥是屬於緩慢行走的物種，並不擅長奔跑^[5]。由於僅有發現零碎的化石殘缺，關於牠們的生物學和生態等許多方面仍然不明，包括其食性。與卡岡杜亞鳥共存的動物包括大型掠食者如阿貝力龍科物種、植食動物如甲龍亞目和泰坦巨龍類、翼龍、鱷魚、烏龜、魚類和其他早期鳥類^[1]^[6]^[2]。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. A new giant ground bird from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1998, 155 (155): 1–4. Bibcode:1998JGSoc.155....1B. S2CID 128496095. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.155.1.0001.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. The giant flightless bird Gargantuavis philoinos from the Late Cretaceous of southwestern Europe: a review. Khosla, A.; Lucas, S.G. (编). Cretaceous Period: Biotic Diversity and Biogeography. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 71. 2016: 45–50.
^ Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. Pelvic elements of the giant bird Gargantuavis from the Upper Cretaceous of Cruzy (southern France), with remarks on pneumatisation. Cretaceous Research. 2016, 66 (66): 171–176. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.06.010.
^ Mayr, G.; Codrea, V.; Solomon, A.; Bordeianu, M.; Smith, T. A well-preserved pelvis from the Maastrichtian of Romania suggests that the enigmatic Gargantuavis is neither an ornithurine bird nor an insular endemic. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 106: 104271. S2CID 210302354. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104271.
^ Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. Gargantuavis philoinos: giant bird or giant pterosaur?. Annales de Paléontologie. 2010, 96 (4): 135–141. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2011.05.002.
^ Buffetaut, E. Les oiseaux fossiles du Crétacé supérieur de l'Hérault. Bulletin de la Société d'Étude des Sciences Naturelles de Béziers. 2012, (66): 34–39.

[Buffetaut_&_Le_Loeuff1998-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. A new giant ground bird from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1998, 155 (155): 1–4. Bibcode:1998JGSoc.155....1B. S2CID 128496095. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.155.1.0001.

[Buffetaut_&_Angst2016a-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. The giant flightless bird Gargantuavis philoinos from the Late Cretaceous of southwestern Europe: a review. Khosla, A.; Lucas, S.G. (编). Cretaceous Period: Biotic Diversity and Biogeography. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 71. 2016: 45–50.

[Buffetaut_&_Angst2016b-3] Buffetaut, E.; Angst, D. Pelvic elements of the giant bird Gargantuavis from the Upper Cretaceous of Cruzy (southern France), with remarks on pneumatisation. Cretaceous Research. 2016, 66 (66): 171–176. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.06.010.

[Mayr2019-4] Mayr, G.; Codrea, V.; Solomon, A.; Bordeianu, M.; Smith, T. A well-preserved pelvis from the Maastrichtian of Romania suggests that the enigmatic Gargantuavis is neither an ornithurine bird nor an insular endemic. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 106: 104271. S2CID 210302354. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104271.

[Buffetaut_&_Le_Loeuff2010-5] Buffetaut, E.; Le Loeuff, J. Gargantuavis philoinos: giant bird or giant pterosaur?. Annales de Paléontologie. 2010, 96 (4): 135–141. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2011.05.002.

[Buffetaut2012-6] Buffetaut, E. Les oiseaux fossiles du Crétacé supérieur de l'Hérault. Bulletin de la Société d'Étude des Sciences Naturelles de Béziers. 2012, (66): 34–39.

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卡岡杜亞鳥屬

參考文獻

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