处方缩写词列表

处方缩写词列表是医学处方中常用的基于拉丁文术语的词头缩写。其中的大写、句点'.'的使用是可选的版式风格。

列表中不包含处方中常见的药品的缩写。

列表中红色条目是在美国不建议使用，褐色条目是其他组织不建议使用。

处方缩写词列表^[1]
缩写	拉丁文	中文	英文	注释
aa	ana	每，各	of each
AAA		用于治疗部位	apply to affected area
a.c.	ante cibum	饭前	before meals
a.d.	auris dextra	右耳	right ear	"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.d."，即右眼
ad lib.	ad libitum	随意，任意量	use as much as one desires; freely
admov.	admove	用于	apply
agit	agita		stir/shake
alt. h.	alternis horis	每隔1小时；每2小时	every other hour	也写作a.h.
a.m.m.	ad manu medicae		at doctors hand
a.m.	ante meridiem	上午	morning, before noon
amp		安瓿	ampule
amt		数量	amount
aq	aqua	水	water
a.l., a.s.	auris laeva, auris sinistra	左耳	left ear	"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.s."或"o.l."，即左眼
A.T.C.		昼夜不停，24小时连续	around the clock
a.u.	auris utraque	双耳	both ears	"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.u."，即双眼
bis	bis	两次	twice
b.d./b.i.d.	bis in die	每天两次	twice daily
B.M.		排便	bowel movement
BNF		英国国家药典	British National Formulary （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
bol.	bolus	大剂量给药（通常是静脉注射）	as a large single dose (usually intravenously)
B.S.		血糖	blood sugar
B.S.A		体表面积	body surface areas
b.t.		就寝时间，临睡前	bedtime	可能与 "b.i.d"（一日两次）混淆
BUCC	bucca	颊内	inside cheek
cap., caps.	capsula	胶囊	capsule
c, c.	cum	与...（常写作c̄）	with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c")
cib.	cibus	食物	food
cc	cum cibo	与食物（也用作表示毫升）	with food, (but also cubic centimetre)	手写体形似"U"（小写），即单位。cc亦有立方厘米/毫升的意思；在这种情况下应使用"mL"或"milliliters"
cf		与食物	with food
comp.		复方	compound
cr., crm		乳膏；霜剂	cream
CST		继续同样治疗	Continue same treatment
D 或 d		天，或者剂	days or doses	存在歧义。建议处方中写明"days"（天）或者 "doses"（剂）
D5W		5%葡萄糖溶液	dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D₅W)
D5NS		含5%葡萄糖的生理盐水	dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%)
D.A.W.		按所写（医嘱）配药	dispense as written (i.e., no generic substitution)
dc, D/C, disc		中断或排出	discontinue or discharge	有歧义
dieb. alt.	diebus alternis	每隔一天；每2天	every other day
dil.		稀释的	dilute
disp.		配药	dispersible or dispense
div.		分次...（服用）	divide
dL		分升	deciliter
d.t.d.	dentur tales doses	给予同剂量	give of such doses
DTO		去味鴉片酊劑	deodorized tincture of opium	很容易与“稀释的鸦片酊剂”混淆，后者的强度是去味鸦片酊剂的1/25；可能导致药物过量
D.W.		蒸馏水	distilled water
elix.		酏剂	elixir
e.m.p.	ex modo prescripto	按照指示，按处方处理	as directed
emuls.	emulsum	乳剂	emulsion
et	et	并且	and
eod		每隔一天	every other day
ex aq	ex aqua	水中	in water
fl., fld.		液	fluid
ft.	fiat	任其发生，顺其自然	make; let it be made
g		克	gram
gr		格令	grain
gtt(s)	gutta(e)	滴	drop(s)
H		皮，皮下注射	hypodermic
h, hr	hora	小时	hour
h.s.	hora somni	就寝时	at bedtime
h.s		睡眠时或半强度	hour sleep or half-strength	存在歧义
ID		皮肤的	intradermal
IJ, inj	injectio	注射	injection	易讹作"IV"（静脉注射）
IM		肌肉注射	intramuscular (with respect to injections)
IN		鼻内	intranasal	易讹作"IM"（肌肉注射）或"IV"（静脉注射）
IP		腹膜内的	intraperitoneal
IU		国际单位制	en:international unit	易讹作"IV"（静脉注射），建议拼写出"international unit"
IV		静脉治疗	intravenous
IVP		静脉推注	intravenous push
IVPB			intravenous piggyback
kg		千克	kilogram
L.A.S.			label as such
LCD		煤焦油	coal tar solution
lin	linimentum	搽剂	liniment
liq	liquor	溶液，液体	solution
lot.		洗剂	lotion
MAE		活动四肢	Moves All Extremities
mane	mane	晨时	in the morning
M.	misce	混合	mix
m, min	minimum	最小值	a minimum
mcg		微克	en:microgram	建议替换为"μg"，因为该缩写可能与“mg”（毫克）混淆
m.d.u.	more dicto utendus	按照指示使用	to be used as directed
mEq		毫当量	milliequivalent
mg		毫克	milligram
mg/dL		毫克/分升	milligrams per deciliter
MgSO4	硫酸镁	en:magnesium sulfate	may be confused with "MSO4", spell out "magnesium sulfate"
mist.	mistura	混合	mix
mitte	mitte	发送	send
mL		毫升	millilitre
MS		硫酸吗啡或硫酸镁	en:morphine sulfate or en:magnesium sulfate	can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate, spell out either
MSO4		硫酸吗啡	en:morphine sulfate	may be confused with "硫酸镁", spell out "morphine sulfate"
nebul	nebula	喷雾	a spray
N.M.T.		不超过	not more than
noct.	nocte	夜里	at night
non rep.	non repetatur	不重复	no repeats
NPO	nil per os	禁食（英语：Nothing by mouth），禁饮水	nothing by mouth
NS		生理盐水	normal saline (0.9%)
1/2NS		半浓度生理盐水	half normal saline (0.45%)
N.T.E.		不超过	not to exceed
o_2		双眼	both eyes, sometimes written as o₂
od	omne in die	每天	every day/once daily (preferred to qd in the UK^[2])
od	oculus dexter	右眼	right eye	"o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.d."，即右耳，confusion with omne in die
om	omne mane	每天上午（晨时）	every morning
on	omne nocte	每夜	every night
o.p.d.		每天一次	once per day
o.s.	oculus sinister	左眼	left eye	"o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.s."，即左耳
o.u.	oculus uterque	雙眼	both eyes	"o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.u."，即雙耳
oz		盎司	en:ounce
per	per	经；通过	by or through
p.c.	post cibum	饭后	after meals
pig./pigm.	pigmentum	涂剂	paint
p.m.	post meridiem	下午与晚上	evening or afternoon
p.o.	per os	经口，口服	by mouth or orally
p.r.	per rectum	经直肠	by rectum
PRN, prn	pro re nata	按需	as needed
pulv.	pulvis	散剂	powder
PV	per vaginam	经阴道	via the vagina
q	quaque	每，各	every, per
q.a.d.	quaque alternis die	每隔一天	every other day
q.a.m.	quaque die ante meridiem	每天午前	every day before noon
q.d.s.	quater die sumendus	每天四次	four times a day	can be mistaken for "qd" (every day)
q.p.m.	quaque die post meridiem	每天下午或每晚	every day after noon or every evening
q.h.	quaque hora	每小时	every hour
q.h.s.	quaque hora somni	每夜就寝时	every night at bedtime
q.1 h, q.1°	quaque 1 hora	每小时（可用其它数字替换"1"）	every 1 hour; (can replace "1" with other numbers)
q.d., q1d	quaque die	每天	every day	mistaken for "QOD" or "qds," spell out "every day" or "daily"
q.i.d.	quater in die	每天四次	four times a day	can be mistaken for "qd" or "qod," write out "four times a day"
q4PM		下午4时	at 4pm	mistaken to mean every four hours
q.o.d.	quaque ommi die	每隔一天；每两天	every other day	mistaken for "QD," spell out "every other day"
qqh	quater quaque hora	每四小时	every four hours
q.s.	quantum sufficiat	足够量	a sufficient quantity
QWK		每周	every week
R		直肠	rectal
rep., rept.	repetatur	重复	repeats
RL, R/L		乳酸林格氏液	en:Ringer's lactate
s	sine	没有...	without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s")
s.a.	secundum artem	按常规	according to the art (accepted practice); use your judgement
SC, subc, subcut, subq, SQ		皮下	subcutaneous	"SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual; "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning five every dose
s.i.d/SID	semel in die	每天一次	once a day	used exclusively in veterinary medicine
sig	signa		write on label
SL		舌下	sublingually, under the tongue
sol	solutio	溶液	solution
s.o.s., si op. sit	si opus sit	需要时	if there is a need
ss	semis		one half or sliding scale	mistaken for "55" or "1/2"
SSI, SSRI			sliding scale insulin or sliding scale regular en:insulin	mistaken to mean "strong en:solution of en:iodine" or "en:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor"
SNRI (antidepressant)		5-羟色胺/去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（抗抑郁）	Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
SSRI (antidepressant)		抗抑郁的选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a specific class of antidepressant)
stat	statim	立即	immediately
SubQ		皮下	subcutaneously
supp	suppositorium	栓剂	en:suppository
susp		混悬剂	suspension
syr	syrupus	糖浆剂	syrup
tab	tabella	片剂	tablet
tal., t	talus		such
tbsp		汤匙	en:tablespoon
troche	trochiscus	锭剂	lozenge
t.d.s.	ter die sumendum	每天三次	three times a day
t.i.d.	ter in die	每天三次	three times a day
t.i.w.		每周三次	three times a week	mistaken for twice a week
top.		局部的	topical
T.P.N.		全肠外营养	en:total parenteral nutrition
tr, tinc., tinct.		酊剂	tincture
tsp		1茶匙（约5毫升）	en:teaspoon
U		度量单位	unit	mistaken for a "4", "0" or "cc", spell out "unit"
u.d., ut. dict.	ut dictum	作为指示	as directed
ung.	unguentum	软膏	ointment
U.S.P.		美国药典	en:United States Pharmacopoeia
vag		阴道的	vaginally
w		与	with
w/a		醒时	while awake
wf		与食物	with food (with meals)
w/o		没有...	without
X		次数	times
Y.O.		年龄	years old
μg		微克	en:microgram	mistaken for "mg", meaning en:milligram
处方中使用的符号列表
符号	拉丁文	中文	英文	注释
@		在	at	mistaken for "2"; spell out "at"
>		大于	greater than	mistaken for a "7"
<		小于	less than	mistaken for an "L"
℞	recipe	处方	take, take this, or take thus