姿勢性心博過速症候群 ( 英語:Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome ,英語:POTS )是指姿態由仰卧 变成站立時,心率异常大幅增加 的情況[ 10] 。症状可能包括头晕 、無法思考、視力模糊 或虚弱[ 10] 。其他常见相关疾病包括埃勒斯-當洛二氏症候群 、肥大細胞活化症候群 、大腸激躁症 、失眠 、慢性头痛 、慢性疲勞症候群 和纤维肌痛症 [ 10] 。
可能起因多样[ 11] 。常在病毒感染、手术或怀孕后後發生[ 12] 。危险因子包括家族病史[ 10] 。若成人在站立后 10 分钟内心率增加超过每分钟 30 次,且合併症狀,就能符合诊断[ 10] 。此外,並不會出現直立性低血壓 ,也就是站立时血压不会下降[ 10] 。需排除以下其他可能引起类似症状的情况,如脱水 、心脏病、腎上腺功能不全 和帕金森氏病 [ 13] 。
治疗包括避免可能引发症状的危險因子、增加饮食中的盐和水、穿壓力襪 、运动、认知行为疗法 和药物治疗[ 10] [ 14] 。可能使用的药物包括β受体阻滞剂 、吡斯的明 、邁妥林 或氟氫可體松 [ 10] 。由病毒感染引起的患者在五年内会好转的機會超过 50%[ 12] 。约 90% 的患者在经过治疗后会改善[ 12] 。美国估计有 50 万人患病[ 13] 。平均发病年龄 20 岁,女性發生的機會约为男性的 5 倍[ 10] 。
参考文獻
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Benarroch EE. Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder . Mayo Clinic Proceedings. December 2012, 87 (12): 1214–1225. PMC 3547546 . PMID 23122672 . doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013 .
^ Shaw BH, Stiles LE, Bourne K, Green EA, Shibao CA, Okamoto LE, et al. The face of postural tachycardia syndrome - insights from a large cross-sectional online community-based survey . Journal of Internal Medicine. October 2019, 286 (4): 438–448. PMC 6790699 . PMID 30861229 . doi:10.1111/joim.12895 .
^ Miller AJ, Doherty TA. Hop to It: The First Animal Model of Autoimmune Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome . Journal of the American Heart Association. October 2019, 8 (19): e014084. PMC 6806054 . PMID 31547756 . doi:10.1161/JAHA.119.014084 .
^ Gunning WT, Kvale H, Kramer PM, Karabin BL, Grubb BP. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome Is Associated With Elevated G-Protein Coupled Receptor Autoantibodies . Journal of the American Heart Association. September 2019, 8 (18): e013602. PMC 6818019 . PMID 31495251 . doi:10.1161/JAHA.119.013602 .
^ Fedorowski A, Li H, Yu X, Koelsch KA, Harris VM, Liles C, et al. Antiadrenergic autoimmunity in postural tachycardia syndrome . Europace. July 2017, 19 (7): 1211–1219. PMC 5834103 . PMID 27702852 . doi:10.1093/europace/euw154 .
^ Bogle JM, Goodman BP, Barrs DM. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome for the otolaryngologist. The Laryngoscope. May 2017, 127 (5): 1195–1198. PMID 27578452 . S2CID 24233032 . doi:10.1002/lary.26269 .
^ Grubb BP. Postural tachycardia syndrome. Circulation. May 2008, 117 (21): 2814–2817. PMID 18506020 . doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.761643 .
^ Busmer L. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: Lorna Busmer explains how nurses in primary care can recognise the symptoms of this poorly understood condition and offer effective treatment. Primary Health Care. 2011, 21 (9): 16–20. doi:10.7748/phc2011.11.21.9.16.c8794 .
^ Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) . www.hopkinsmedicine.org. December 21, 2022 [November 13, 2023] . (原始内容存档 于November 13, 2023).
^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Benarroch EE. Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder . Mayo Clinic Proceedings. December 2012, 87 (12): 1214–25. PMC 3547546 . PMID 23122672 . doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013 .
^ Ferri, Fred F. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 . Elsevier Health Sciences. 2016: 1019.e2 [2020-06-08 ] . ISBN 9780323448383 . (原始内容 存档于2020-07-06) (英语) .
^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Grubb BP. Postural tachycardia syndrome. Circulation. May 2008, 117 (21): 2814–7. PMID 18506020 . doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.761643 .
^ 13.0 13.1 Bogle, JM; Goodman, BP; Barrs, DM. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome for the otolaryngologist.. The Laryngoscope. May 2017, 127 (5): 1195–1198. PMID 27578452 . doi:10.1002/lary.26269 .
^ Kizilbash, SJ; Ahrens, SP; Bruce, BK; Chelimsky, G; Driscoll, SW; Harbeck-Weber, C; Lloyd, RM; Mack, KJ; Nelson, DE; Ninis, N; Pianosi, PT. Adolescent fatigue, POTS, and recovery: a guide for clinicians. . Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care. 2014, 44 (5): 108–33. PMC 5819886 . PMID 24819031 . doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.014 .
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