房宿一

**房宿一A/B**
	; 房宿一在天蝎座中的位置。
觀測資料; 曆元 J2000
星座	天蝎座
星官	房（房宿）
赤經	15h 58m 51s
赤緯	−26° 25′ 55″
視星等（V）	+2.89
特性
光谱分类	B1 V + B2 V
U−B 色指数	–0.918
B−V 色指数	–0.187
变星类型	食雙星
天体测定
徑向速度 (Rv)	−3 km/s
自行 (μ)	赤经：–11.42 mas/yr ; 赤纬：–26.83 mas/yr
视差 (π)	5.57 ± 0.64 mas
距离	approx. 590 ly ; (approx. 180 pc)
绝对星等 (MV)	-2.85
詳細資料
π Sco A
質量	12.5 ± 0.6 M☉
半徑	5 R☉
亮度	21,900 L☉
溫度	25,230 K
自轉速度 (v sin i)	100 km/s
π Sco B
半徑	4 R☉
自轉速度 (v sin i)	87 km/s
其他命名
	6 Scorpii, HR 5944, HD 143018, HIP 78265, ADS 9862, CCDM 15589-2607.

房宿一（π Sco）是黄道南端天蝎座的一顆三合星^[9]，位于天蝎座的头部。视星等2.9^[2]，能輕易以肉眼觀測。視差測定房宿一與地球距離大約為590光年（180秒差距）^[2]。

命名與觀測史

天蝎座π這名字是由德國天文學家約翰·拜耳於1603年命名。英國天文學家約翰·佛蘭斯蒂德於1712年出版的《不列顛星表》則將此星命名為天蝎座6。1899年，美國天文學家愛德華·皮克林才發現此星是個聯星系統，並在兩年後由另一美國天文學家梭倫·埃爾文·貝利發現其1.571日的軌道週期。不過這個光譜聯星的軌道要到1927年才由俄裔天文學家奧托·斯特魯維及美國天體物理學家克里斯蒂安·埃爾維（英语：Christian T. Elvey）測定^[7]。

性質

聯星系統主要由一對食雙星組成，屬於漸臺二型變星^[10]，兩顆成員都是藍白色的B型主序星，變光幅度為0.03等^[11]。兩顆星自旋都相當快速，分別為108及87 km/h^[7]。兩星相距約為15太陽半徑。雙星系統外還有一顆12.2等的伴星圍繞。

房宿一是天蠍-半人馬星協的上天蠍次集團成員，這集團由上千顆年齡為平均一千萬年的年輕恆星組成^[8]。新近的赫羅圖研究^[8]估計房宿一A的有效溫度高達25,230 K，總光度是太陽的21,900倍，現壽命約為一千二百萬至一千四百萬年，估計有12至13倍太陽質量。

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 van Leeuwen, F., Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction, Astronomy and Astrophysics, November 2007, 474 (2): 653–664, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, arXiv:0708.1752 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; Moreno, Hugo, A photometric investigation of the Scorpio-Centaurus association, Astrophysical Journal Supplement, June 1968, 15: 459, Bibcode:1968ApJS...15..459G, doi:10.1086/190168
^ Houk, Nancy; Smith-Moore, M., Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars 1, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 1979, Bibcode:1978mcts.book.....H
^ Evans, D. S., The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities, Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick (编), Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30, University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union, June 20–24, 1966, Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E
^ Schaaf, Fred, The brightest stars: discovering the universe through the sky's most brilliant stars, John Wiley and Sons: 262, 2008, ISBN 0-471-70410-5
^ Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M., A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, January 2011, 410 (1): 190–200, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T, arXiv:1007.4883 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Stickland, D. J.; et al, Spectroscopic binary orbits from ultraviolet radial velocities Paper 23: Pi Scorpii (HD 143018), The Observatory, December 1996, 116: 387–391, Bibcode:1996Obs...116..387S
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 Mark J. Pecaut, Eric E. Mamajek, & Eric J. Bubar. A Revised Age for Upper Scorpius and the Star Formation History among the F-type Members of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association. Astrophysical Journal. February 2012, 746 (2): 154 [2014-08-03]. Bibcode:2012ApJ...746..154P. arXiv:1112.1695 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/154. （原始内容存档于2019-05-02）.
^ Kaler, James B., PI SCO (Pi Scorpii), Stars (University of Illinois), [2012-01-14], （原始内容存档于2020-01-14）
^ pi. Sco -- Eclipsing binary of beta Lyr type, SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), [2012-01-14], （原始内容存档于2020-11-05）
^ Shobbrook, R. R., Photometry of 20 eclipsing and ellipsoidal binary systems, The Journal of Astronomical Data, December 2005, 11: 1–17, Bibcode:2005JAD....11....7S

[aaa474_2_653-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 van Leeuwen, F., Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction, Astronomy and Astrophysics, November 2007, 474 (2): 653–664, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, arXiv:0708.1752 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357

[apjs15_459-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; Moreno, Hugo, A photometric investigation of the Scorpio-Centaurus association, Astrophysical Journal Supplement, June 1968, 15: 459, Bibcode:1968ApJS...15..459G, doi:10.1086/190168

[houk1979-3] Houk, Nancy; Smith-Moore, M., Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars 1, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 1979, Bibcode:1978mcts.book.....H

[rgcrv-4] Evans, D. S., The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities, Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick (编), Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30, University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union, June 20–24, 1966, Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E

[schaaf-5] Schaaf, Fred, The brightest stars: discovering the universe through the sky's most brilliant stars, John Wiley and Sons: 262, 2008, ISBN 0-471-70410-5

[mnras410_1_190-6] Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M., A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, January 2011, 410 (1): 190–200, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T, arXiv:1007.4883 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x

[to116_387-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Stickland, D. J.; et al, Spectroscopic binary orbits from ultraviolet radial velocities Paper 23: Pi Scorpii (HD 143018), The Observatory, December 1996, 116: 387–391, Bibcode:1996Obs...116..387S

[Pecaut-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 Mark J. Pecaut, Eric E. Mamajek, & Eric J. Bubar. A Revised Age for Upper Scorpius and the Star Formation History among the F-type Members of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association. Astrophysical Journal. February 2012, 746 (2): 154 [2014-08-03]. Bibcode:2012ApJ...746..154P. arXiv:1112.1695 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/154. （原始内容存档于2019-05-02）.

[kaler-9] Kaler, James B., PI SCO (Pi Scorpii), Stars (University of Illinois), [2012-01-14], （原始内容存档于2020-01-14）

[SIMBAD-10] . Sco -- Eclipsing binary of beta Lyr type, SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), [2012-01-14], （原始内容存档于2020-11-05）

[jad11_1-11] Shobbrook, R. R., Photometry of 20 eclipsing and ellipsoidal binary systems, The Journal of Astronomical Data, December 2005, 11: 1–17, Bibcode:2005JAD....11....7S

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房宿一

命名與觀測史

性質

參考資料

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