斯图亚特·L·施莱伯(英語:Stuart L. Schreiber,1956年2月6日—),就职于美国哈佛大学和麻省理工及哈佛名下的博大研究所(英语:Broad Institute)。他引领化学生物学长达20余年。他的名字常在生物学和医学的小分子探针应用领域出现。小分子携带有大量动态信息流,会与大分子(DNA、RNA、蛋白质)携带的遗传信息流协同合作。1980至1990年间,施莱伯应用化学生物学方法在生物学界取得巨大进展,并将其形成为生命科学领域最高速发展的学科。
施莱伯的实验室总是化学生物学的焦点,首先是在生物学三个特别的方面对小分子的独特应用,接着是在生物医学的研究中更广泛的应用小分子。作为化学生物学的头号人物,他影响着政府和私人的研究团体。学院的筛选中心模仿着博大研究所的化学生物学项目,在美国,通过政府发起的NIH图网,全国都在开展该类研究。原来的化学学部改名以涵盖化学生物学,新的刊物也应运而生(Chemistry & Biology、ChemBioChem、Nature Chemical Biology、ACS Chemical Biology)。施莱伯已经加入了三家以化学生物学为主的生物制药公司,分别是Vertex Pharmaceuticals、 Inc. (VRTX),、Ariad Pharmaceuticals、 Inc. (ARIA)、and Infinity Pharmaceuticals、Inc (INFI)。这些公司已生产出对抗多种疾病的新药,包括艾滋病和癌症。
部分获奖
Award in Pure Chemistry, ACS (1989). "因其开拓了对天然产物的合成与作用机理的研究"
Ciba-Geigy Drew Award for Biomedical Research: Molecular Basis for Immune Regulation (1992). "因其发现免疫亲和素(immunophilins)以及对阐述钙-钙调磷酸酶-NFAT信号通路中的重要角色"
Leo Hendrik Baekeland Award, North Jersey Section of ACS (1993). "对其在化学上的突出贡献"
Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry, ACS (1993). "因其对化学生物学的基础研究"
American Chemical Society Award in Synthetic Organic Chemistry (1994). "因其在有机合成界面,分子生物学以及细胞生物学针对免疫亲和素相关研究成为经典例证的创造性成就"
George Ledlie Prize (Harvard University) (1994). "因其的研究深刻的影响了细胞生物学中对化学的理解,以及阐明了细胞生物学中分子识别与信号的基础性过程"
Harrison Howe Award (1995). "因其对复杂有机分子合成的成就,对FK506的免疫抑制作用的认识,以及对分子识别和胞内信号的革新"
Warren Triennial Award (shared with Leland Hartwell) (1995). "因在有机化学中创造了Phil Sharp称做'化学细胞生物学'的新领域。在这些研究中,小分子被系统化并用来认识和控制信号传导通路。施莱伯使得小分子研究蛋白质作用与突变来研究基因一般容易。这种手段使细胞生物学与医学中基础过程研究充满希望。"
Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity in Organic Chemistry (1997). "因其在化学合成方面的贡献对生物学和医学的间接影响"
ACS Award for Bioorganic Chemistry (2000). "因其在化学遗传学领域的贡献使小分子应用到类遗传学筛选解析细胞周期"
William H. Nichols Medal (2001). "因其对胞内信号化学方面认识的贡献"
Chiron Corporation Biotechnology Research Award, American Academy of Microbiology (2001). "因其生物学应用小分子的系统化方法的发展"
Society for Biomolecular Screening Achievement Award (2004). "因其在化学生物学上令小分子系统应用阐述基本生物通路的工具的发展与应用"
American Association of Cancer Institutes (2004). "因其在化学生物学领域的贡献,使之成为癌症治疗的新途径"
参考资料
^Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL. Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes. Cell. August 1991, 66 (4): 807–15. PMID 1715244. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90124-H.
^Schreiber SL, Crabtree GR. Immunophilins, ligands, and the control of signal transduction. Harvey Lectures. 1995, 91: 99–114. PMID 9127988.
^Yang J, Symes K, Mercola M, Schreiber SL. Small-molecule control of insulin and PDGF receptor signaling and the role of membrane attachment. Current Biology. January 1998, 8 (1): 11–8. PMID 9427627. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70015-6.
^Stockwell BR, Schreiber SL. Probing the role of homomeric and heteromeric receptor interactions in TGF-beta signaling using small molecule dimerizers. Current Biology. June 1998, 8 (13): 761–70. PMID 9651680. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70299-4.
^"Functional Analysis of Fas Signaling in vivo Using Synthetic Dimerizers" David Spencer, Pete Belshaw, Lei Chen, Steffan Ho, Filippo Randazzo, Gerald R. Crabtree, Stuart L. Schreiber Curr. Biol. 1996, 6, 839-848.
^Brown EJ, Albers MW, Shin TB; et al. A mammalian protein targeted by G1-arresting rapamycin-receptor complex. Nature. June 1994, 369 (6483): 756–8. PMID 8008069. doi:10.1038/369756a0. 引文格式1维护:显式使用等标签 (link)
^"Dissection of a glucose-sensitive pathway of the nutrient-response network using diversity-oriented synthesis and small molecule microarrays" Finny G. Kuruvilla, Alykhan F. Shamji, Scott M. Sternson, Paul J. Hergenrother, Stuart L. Schreiber, Nature, 2002, 416, 653-656.
^Shamji AF, Nghiem P, Schreiber SL. Integration of growth factor and nutrient signaling: implications for cancer biology. Molecular Cell. August 2003, 12 (2): 271–80. PMID 14536067. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2003.08.016.
^Taunton J, Hassig CA, Schreiber SL. A mammalian histone deacetylase related to the yeast transcriptional regulator Rpd3p. Science. April 1996, 272 (5260): 408–11. PMID 8602529. doi:10.1126/science.272.5260.408.
^(a) Schreiber SL. Target-oriented and diversity-oriented organic synthesis in drug discovery. Science. March 2000, 287 (5460): 1964–9. PMID 10720315. doi:10.1126/science.287.5460.1964. (b) Burke MD, Berger EM, Schreiber SL. Generating diverse skeletons of small molecules combinatorially. Science. October 2003, 302 (5645): 613–8. PMID 14576427. doi:10.1126/science.1089946. (c) Burke MD, Schreiber SL. A planning strategy for diversity-oriented synthesis. Angewandte Chemie. January 2004, 43 (1): 46–58. PMID 14694470. doi:10.1002/anie.200300626.
^"The small-molecule approach to biology: Chemical genetics and diversity-oriented organic synthesis make possible the systematic exploration of biology”, S L Schreiber, C&E News, 2003, 81, 51-61.
^Strausberg RL, Schreiber SL. From knowing to controlling: a path from genomics to drugs using small molecule probes. Science. April 2003, 300 (5617): 294–5. PMID 12690189. doi:10.1126/science.1083395.
^Stockwell BR, Haggarty SJ, Schreiber SL. High-throughput screening of small molecules in miniaturized mammalian cell-based assays involving post-translational modifications. Chemistry & Biology. February 1999, 6 (2): 71–83. PMID 10021420. doi:10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80004-0.
^"Printing Small Molecules as Microarrays and Detecting Protein-Ligand Interactions en Masse" Gavin MacBeath, Angela N. Koehler, Stuart L. Schreiber J. Am. Chem. Soc.1999, 121, 7967-7968.
^Mayer TU, Kapoor TM, Haggarty SJ, King RW, Schreiber SL, Mitchison TJ. Small molecule inhibitor of mitotic spindle bipolarity identified in a phenotype-based screen. Science. October 1999, 286 (5441): 971–4. PMID 10542155. doi:10.1126/science.286.5441.971.