每日电讯报

英国每日电讯
*The Daily Telegraph*
英国每日电讯; The Daily Telegraph
類型	日報
版式	大報
持有者	电讯媒体集团
編輯	Tony Gallagher
創刊日	1855年6月29日
政治立場	右翼
总部	英国伦敦白金汉宫路111号
發行量	842,912
ISSN	0307-1235
OCLC 编号	49632006
售價	£2.50 (一-五); £3.00 (六)
網站	www.telegraph.co.uk

《每日電訊報》舊標誌

《每日电讯报》（英語：The Daily Telegraph），英国大開型報章，成立于1855年6月29日，当时名为《每日电讯报和信使报》^[2]，是英国销量最高的报纸之一。《星期日电讯报》是其姊妹刊物。每日電訊報早期政治立場親英國自由黨^[3]，近代政治立場則親英國保守黨。^[4]

《每日电讯报》被通称为《电讯报》，由电讯报媒体集团在伦敦出版，在英国和国际上发行。该报的座右铭“过去是、现在是、将来也是”被纳入其徽章中，从1858年开始使用了一个多世纪。^[5]

2013年，《每日电讯报》与1961年创刊的《星期日电讯报》合并，不过后者保留了自己的编辑。^[6]

《每日电讯报》曾有过许多独家新闻，包括1939年菜鸟记者克莱尔·霍林沃思报道二戰導火線波蘭戰役的爆发^[7]、2009年英国国会开支丑闻（英语）、2016年对英格兰足球经理萨姆·阿勒代斯的秘密调查^[8]以及2023年的《封锁文件（英语）》^[9]，而《每日电讯报》曾在2009年被评为英国年度报纸^[10]。

歷史

1855年6月29日，《每日电讯报》创刊，与英格兰地区的《晨邮报》合并，称《每日电讯和晨邮报》，后改为现名。它的初创人是是出生加拿大的英國軍官、旅行作家亚瑟·巴勒斯·斯莱（英语：Arthur B. Sleigh）上校，由电讯报业公司出版，在伦敦和曼彻斯特印刷，发行量114万份。

出售疑雲

由於受到網路新聞及讀者習慣影響，《每日電訊報》利潤直線下滑，從2004年巴克利兄弟收購時的3200萬英鎊下滑到2018年的810萬英鎊。《每日电讯报》的持有者——巴克萊家族的兩兄弟大衛·巴克萊和霍華德·巴克萊（英语：David and Frederick Barclay）2019年時，因家族成員不再像過去團結而打算出售部分英國資產，以取得資金購回部分成員的投資項目。當時傳出《每日郵報》以及《倫敦標準晚報》和《獨立報》（The Independent）都是《每日电讯报》的潛在買家^[11]。此外，美國總統唐納·川普的顧問史蒂芬·班農2019年11月在接受《泰晤士報》週日版訪問時表示，表明有意收購《每日電訊報》，並稱該報是「絕佳的待開發產業」^[12]。

循环

1856年，该报发行量为27万份，1863年为24万份。^[3]1968 年，该报发行量为1,393,094份，1978年为1,358,875份^[13]。1980年，该报发行量为1,439,000份，1984年为1,235,000份^[14] 1988年，该报发行量为1,133,173份^[13]。 2018年12月，该报的发行量为363,183份^[15]，不包括批量销售。该报的发行量进一步下降，直到2020年退出报纸发行量审计^[16]。它的大部分读者已经转移到网上；电讯报媒体集团报告称，截至2023年12月，其订阅人数为1,035,710人，其中印刷版订阅人数为117,586人，数字版订阅人数为688,012人，其他订阅人数为 230,112人。^[17]

政治立场

《每日电讯报》在19世纪70年代末以前支持辉格党及温和自由主义思想。^[18]^[19] 自1945年以来，该报在历次英国大选中均支持保守党，整体立场偏向保守派。^[20]^[21]由于报社编辑与保守党高层之间的联系密切，再加上其一贯的右翼立场和对保守党支持者的影响，该报常被称为“Torygraph”，这一称呼尤其常见于讽刺杂志《Private Eye（英语）》中。^[20]

2004年6月，巴克利兄弟以约6.65亿英镑收购电讯媒体集团。大卫与弗雷德里克·巴克利（英语）在接受《卫报》采访时表示，《每日电讯报》未来可能不再是“保守党的机关报”，他说：“政府做得对的地方，我们就支持他们。” 该报编辑委员会在2005年大选中支持了保守党。在2014年苏格兰独立公投期间，该报支持“团结更好运动（英语）”（Better Together）的“反对”阵营。^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25] 2015年9月，苏格兰民族党前领袖亚历克斯·萨尔蒙德在《问题时间（英语）》节目中称《每日电讯报》立场“极端”。^[26]在2016年英国脱欧公投中，该报支持脱离欧盟。^[27]

2015年12月，《每日电讯报》因“向数十万名订阅者发送未经请求的电子邮件，敦促他们投票支持保守党”而被罚款3万英镑。^[28]在2019年保守党党魁选举期间，《每日电讯报》支持其前专栏作家鲍里斯·约翰逊。^[29] 2019年，已于2018年底离职的前专栏作家格雷厄姆·诺顿表示“我离开之前大约一年的时候，报纸的立场开始发生变化”，并批评该报的政治立场“有毒”，尤其是发表为时任美国最高法院大法官提名人布雷特·卡瓦诺辩护的文章，并称该报“成了鲍里斯·约翰逊的传声筒”，其专栏“几乎没有任何事实核查”。^[30]

参考文献

^ Newspaper Marketing Agency. [2009-11-29]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-30）.
^ Pellegrino, Silvia. Who owns The Telegraph?. Press Gazette. New Statesman Media Group Limited. 2023-06-20 [2024-06-27]. The Daily Telegraph and Courier was founded by British Army officer Colonel Arthur B Sleigh, reportedly to air a personal grievance against Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, in June 1855 after the abolition of stamp duty on newspapers made them more affordable for the general public.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Dictionary of Nineteenth Century Journalism. p 159.
^ The UK's 'other paper of record'. BBC News. 19 January 2004 [20 December 2007]. （原始内容存档于2 October 2008）.
^ The Daily Telegraph motto: Was, is, and will be. The Telegraph. [7 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于22 December 2016）.
^ Telegraph to merge Sunday and daily papers with net loss of 30 jobs. PressGazette. 12 March 2013 [13 January 2025].
^ Clare Hollingworth: British war correspondent dies aged 105. BBC News. 2017-01-10 [2021-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-19）.
^ Burt, Jason; Amofa, Richard. Sam Allardyce on the brink of being sacked as England manager after Telegraph investigation. The Telegraph. 2016-09-27 [2016-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2016-09-27）.
^ The Lockdown Files: How WhatsApp messages offer an unprecedented view of government failings. Telegraph View. The Telegraph. 2023-02-28 [2023-06-23]. ISSN 0307-1235. （原始内容存档于1 March 2023）（英国英语）.
^ MPs' expenses: Full list of MPs investigated by The Telegraph. 2009-05-08 [2016-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-04）.
^ 編譯孫宇青. 英國巴克萊家族傳計畫出售《電訊報》. 自由時報. 2019-10-26 [2019-10-26]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-03）.
^ 宣揚理念班農表態有意收購英國《每日電訊報》. 自由時報. 2019-11-03 [2019-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-25）.
^ ^13.0 ^13.1 Steve Peak and Paul Fisher (eds). The Media Guide 2001. (The Guardian Media Guide 2001). Ninth Annual Edition. Mathew Clayton. 2000. ISBN 1841154237. p 58.
^ United Newspapers PLC and Fleet Holdings PLC (PDF) (报告). Monopolies and Mergers Commission: 5–16. 1985 （英语）.
^ Mayhew, Freddy. National newspaper ABCs: Telegraph y-o-y circulation decline slows as bulk sales distortion ends. Press Gazette. 17 January 2019 [7 February 2019]. （原始内容存档于9 February 2019）.
^ Latest ABC UK newspaper circulations: Updated monthly. Press Gazette. 18 April 2024.
^ TMG Subscription Numbers – January 18, 2024. The Telegraph Media Group.
^ This may refer to Whiggism, the Whigs until 1859, and the Liberal Party from 1859.
^ Brake, Laurel; Demoor, Marysa. Dictionary of Nineteenth-century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland. Academia Press. 2009. ISBN 978-90-382-1340-8 （英语）.
^ ^20.0 ^20.1 Newspaper support in UK general elections. The Guardian. 2010-05-04 [2021-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-01）.
^ Newspaper support in UK general elections. The Guardian. 2010-05-04 [2021-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-11）.
^ Booker, Christopher. The insecure Scots have turned in on themselves and against us. The Daily Telegraph. 27 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2014）.
^ Anderson, Bruce. England must be resolute and save the Scots from self-destruction. The Daily Telegraph. 27 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于31 December 2014）.
^ Hodges, Dan. England won't put up with Scotlands behaviour for long. The Daily Telegraph. 16 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于27 December 2014）.
^ McTernan, John. Tell the Truth Scotland has been indulged for too long. The Daily Telegraph. 30 August 2011 [10 January 2015]. （原始内容存档于8 February 2015）.
^ Sparrow, Andrew. John McDonnell apologises profusely on Question Time for comments praising IRA – as it happened. The Guardian. 17 September 2015 [18 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于18 September 2015）.
^ Vote leave to benefit from a world of opportunity. The Daily Telegraph. 20 June 2016 [22 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于11 January 2022）.
^ Bienkov, Adam. Telegraph fined £30,000 for 'vote Tory' email. Politics UK. 2015-12-21 [2019-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-13）（英国英语）.
^ Boris Johnson is Mr Brexit. Elect him PM and give him a chance to deliver it. The Telegraph. 4 July 2019 [2019-09-29]. ISSN 0307-1235. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）（英国英语）.
^ Waterson, Jim. 'Toxic' Telegraph made me feel nauseous, says Graham Norton. The Guardian. 2019-10-07 [2019-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-26）.

延伸閱讀

Burnham, E. F. L. (1955). Peterborough Court: the story of the Daily Telegraph. Cassell.
Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980) pp 111–16
The House The Berrys Built by Duff Hart-Davis. Concerns the history of The Daily Telegraph' from its inception to 1986. Illustrated with references and illustrations of William Ewart Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose (later called Lord Camrose).
William Camrose: Giant of Fleet Street by his son Lord Hartwell. Illustrated biography with black-and-white photographic plates and includes an index. Concerns his links with The Daily Telegraph.

参见

英国报刊列表

外部連結

[ABCApr08-1] Newspaper Marketing Agency. [2009-11-29]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-30）.

[2] Pellegrino, Silvia. Who owns The Telegraph?. Press Gazette. New Statesman Media Group Limited. 2023-06-20 [2024-06-27]. The Daily Telegraph and Courier was founded by British Army officer Colonel Arthur B Sleigh, reportedly to air a personal grievance against Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, in June 1855 after the abolition of stamp duty on newspapers made them more affordable for the general public.

[DNCJ1592-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Dictionary of Nineteenth Century Journalism. p 159.

[bbc-4] The UK's 'other paper of record'. BBC News. 19 January 2004 [20 December 2007]. （原始内容存档于2 October 2008）.

[telegraph.co.uk-5] The Daily Telegraph motto: Was, is, and will be. The Telegraph. [7 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于22 December 2016）.

[6] Telegraph to merge Sunday and daily papers with net loss of 30 jobs. PressGazette. 12 March 2013 [13 January 2025].

[7] Clare Hollingworth: British war correspondent dies aged 105. BBC News. 2017-01-10 [2021-07-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-19）.

[Burt-2016-8] Burt, Jason; Amofa, Richard. Sam Allardyce on the brink of being sacked as England manager after Telegraph investigation. The Telegraph. 2016-09-27 [2016-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2016-09-27）.

[9] The Lockdown Files: How WhatsApp messages offer an unprecedented view of government failings. Telegraph View. The Telegraph. 2023-02-28 [2023-06-23]. ISSN 0307-1235. （原始内容存档于1 March 2023）（英国英语）.

[10] MPs' expenses: Full list of MPs investigated by The Telegraph. 2009-05-08 [2016-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-04）.

[11] 編譯孫宇青. 英國巴克萊家族傳計畫出售《電訊報》. 自由時報. 2019-10-26 [2019-10-26]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-03）.

[12] 宣揚理念班農表態有意收購英國《每日電訊報》. 自由時報. 2019-11-03 [2019-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-25）.

[MediaGuide2001p58-13] 13.0 ^13.1 Steve Peak and Paul Fisher (eds). The Media Guide 2001. (The Guardian Media Guide 2001). Ninth Annual Edition. Mathew Clayton. 2000. ISBN 1841154237. p 58.

[UK1980-14] United Newspapers PLC and Fleet Holdings PLC (PDF) (报告). Monopolies and Mergers Commission: 5–16. 1985 （英语）.

[circ-15] Mayhew, Freddy. National newspaper ABCs: Telegraph y-o-y circulation decline slows as bulk sales distortion ends. Press Gazette. 17 January 2019 [7 February 2019]. （原始内容存档于9 February 2019）.

[16] Latest ABC UK newspaper circulations: Updated monthly. Press Gazette. 18 April 2024.

[17] TMG Subscription Numbers – January 18, 2024. The Telegraph Media Group.

[18] This may refer to Whiggism, the Whigs until 1859, and the Liberal Party from 1859.

[DNCJ159-19] Brake, Laurel; Demoor, Marysa. Dictionary of Nineteenth-century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland. Academia Press. 2009. ISBN 978-90-382-1340-8 （英语）.

[:0-20] 20.0 ^20.1 Newspaper support in UK general elections. The Guardian. 2010-05-04 [2021-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-01）.

[21] Newspaper support in UK general elections. The Guardian. 2010-05-04 [2021-09-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-11）.

[insecure-22] Booker, Christopher. The insecure Scots have turned in on themselves and against us. The Daily Telegraph. 27 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2014）.

[destruction-23] Anderson, Bruce. England must be resolute and save the Scots from self-destruction. The Daily Telegraph. 27 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于31 December 2014）.

[behaviour-24] Hodges, Dan. England won't put up with Scotlands behaviour for long. The Daily Telegraph. 16 December 2014 [31 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于27 December 2014）.

[indulged-25] McTernan, John. Tell the Truth Scotland has been indulged for too long. The Daily Telegraph. 30 August 2011 [10 January 2015]. （原始内容存档于8 February 2015）.

[26] Sparrow, Andrew. John McDonnell apologises profusely on Question Time for comments praising IRA – as it happened. The Guardian. 17 September 2015 [18 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于18 September 2015）.

[27] Vote leave to benefit from a world of opportunity. The Daily Telegraph. 20 June 2016 [22 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于11 January 2022）.

[28] Bienkov, Adam. Telegraph fined £30,000 for 'vote Tory' email. Politics UK. 2015-12-21 [2019-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-13）（英国英语）.

[29] Boris Johnson is Mr Brexit. Elect him PM and give him a chance to deliver it. The Telegraph. 4 July 2019 [2019-09-29]. ISSN 0307-1235. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）（英国英语）.

[30] Waterson, Jim. 'Toxic' Telegraph made me feel nauseous, says Graham Norton. The Guardian. 2019-10-07 [2019-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-26）.

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