根據聯合國教科文組織1972年制訂的《保護世界文化和自然遺產公約》,世界遺產是指對全人類有重要文化或自然價值的遺產項目[1]。常見文化遺產包括古蹟(如建築、雕塑、題字)、建築群、遺址(如考古遺址);自然遺產通常是具備特殊物質和生物價值的自然地貌、地質和自然地理結構(如瀕危動植物棲息地),或在科學、保育、自然美角度極具價值[2][3]。中华人民共和国在1985年11月22日接受《保護世界文化和自然遺產公約》,該國的自然和文化遺產自此有資格列入《世界遺產名錄》[4]。
中華人民共和國擁有60項世界遺產,在全球排名第二,僅次於擁有61項的意大利[5],當中絲綢之路:長安—天山廊道的路網是跨國遺產[6]。在這60項世界遺產中,有41項文化遺產,15項自然遺產,另有4項複合遺產。此外,中華人民共和國在預備名單中有60個項目[4]。中華人民共和國首批世界遺產於1987年入選,共有6處。最近一處入選的是西夏陵,於2025年入選[4]。
中華人民共和國曾四次擔任世界遺產委員會成員,任期分別為1991年—1997年、1999年—2005年、2007年—2011年和2017年—2021年[4]。2004年及2021年的世界遺產委員會會議分別在中華人民共和國的蘇州及福州舉行[7]。
分佈圖
世界遺產
聯合國教科文組織根據十項標準收錄世界遺產,入選項目必須符合至少一項標準,其中第一(i)至六(vi)項為文化遺產,第七(vii)至十(x)項為自然遺產,同時符合文化和自然遺產標準的则称为複合遺產,順序按入選年份排列[8]。文代表文化遺產,自代表自然遺產,自文代表複合遺產。本列表中的中文譯名取自教科文組織的官方網站,除部分有明顯誤譯的譯名予以修正。
*跨國遺產
預備名單
除了已入選項目外,接受《保護世界文化和自然遺產公約》的成員國還可以把遺產項目列入預備名單,任何遺產在提名《世界遺產名錄》前都必須入選預備名單[71]。截至2025年,中華人民共和國的預備名單共有60個項目[4]。文代表文化遺產,自代表自然遺產,自文代表複合遺產。
* 跨國遺產
參見
参考文献
- ^ The World Heritage Convention. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-20).
- ^ 保护世界文化和自然遗产公约 (PDF). 聯合國教育、科學及文化組織. [2025-07-22]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-11-23).
- ^ Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-20).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 China. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2025-06-29).
- ^ World Heritage List. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2024-12-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-02).
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-13).
- ^ Sessions since 1976. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-25].
- ^ The Criteria for Selection. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-20]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-20).
- ^ Mount Taishan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-01-19]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-21).
- ^ The Great Wall. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-05).
- ^ Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-02).
- ^ Mogao Caves. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-24).
- ^ Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-24).
- ^ Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-01-19]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Mount Huangshan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-17).
- ^ Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-11).
- ^ Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-11-19).
- ^ Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Lushan National Park. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-07).
- ^ Old Town of Lijiang. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-20).
- ^ Ancient City of Ping Yao. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-25).
- ^ Classical Gardens of Suzhou. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-03).
- ^ Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2005-11-12).
- ^ Mount Wuyi. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-20).
- ^ Dazu Rock Carvings. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-09).
- ^ Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Longmen Grottoes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-17).
- ^ Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-22).
- ^ Yungang Grottoes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-01-19]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-11).
- ^ Historic Centre of Macao. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Yin Xu. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-17).
- ^ Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-01-19]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-29).
- ^ Kaiping Diaolou and Villages. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-29).
- ^ South China Karst. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-29).
- ^ Fujian Tulou. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Mount Sanqingshan National Park. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Mount Wutai. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in "The Centre of Heaven and Earth". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2020-03-28).
- ^ China Danxia. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-19).
- ^ West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Chengjiang Fossil Site. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Site of Xanadu. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Xinjiang Tianshan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ The Grand Canal. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-01-19]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-28).
- ^ Tusi Sites. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-12).
- ^ Hubei Shennongjia. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-26).
- ^ Qinghai Hoh Xil. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2023-09-24).
- ^ Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-09).
- ^ Fanjingshan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-11).
- ^ Archaeological ruins of Liangzhu City. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-16).
- ^ Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-18).
- ^ Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-01).
- ^ Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu'er. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-01).
- ^ Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-08-14).
- ^ 巴丹吉林沙漠—沙山湖泊群申遺成功. 中國政府網. 2024-07-27 [2025-07-25].
- ^ Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-07).
- ^ “北京中轴线——中国理想都城秩序的杰作”成功列入《世界遗产名录》. 中國政府網. 2024-07-27 [2025-07-25].
- ^ Western Xia Imperial Tombs. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-03).
- ^ Xixia Imperial Tombs. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-07-24).
- ^ Tentative Lists. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-20).
- ^ Dongzhai Port Nature Reserve. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-19).
- ^ The Alligator Sinensis Nature Reserve. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-21).
- ^ Poyang Nature Reserve. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-05-14).
- ^ Lijiang River Scenic Zone at Guilin. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-21).
- ^ Yalong, Tibet. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-22).
- ^ Yangtze Gorges Scenic Spot. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-05-16).
- ^ Jinfushan Scenic Spot. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ Heaven Pit and Ground Seam Scenic Spot. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24].
- ^ Hua Shan Scenic Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24].
- ^ Yandang Mountain. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-16).
- ^ Nanxi River. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-16).
- ^ Maijishan Scenic Spots. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ Wudalianchi Scenic Spots. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ Haitan Scenic Spots. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-10).
- ^ Dali Chanshan Mountain and Erhai Lake Scenic Spot. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2022-07-27).
- ^ Sites for Liquor Making in China. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ Ancient Residences in Shanxi and Shaanxi Provinces. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ City Walls of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-04-01).
- ^ Slender West Lake and Historic Urban Area in Yangzhou. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-15).
- ^ The Ancient Waterfront Towns in the South of Yangtze River. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-31).
- ^ Chinese Section of the Silk Road: Land routes in Henan Province, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Sea Routes in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and Quanzhou City, Fujian Province - from Western-Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-11).
- ^ Fenghuang Ancient City. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-05).
- ^ Sites of the Southern Yue State. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-09).
- ^ Baiheliang Ancient Hydrological Inscription. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-13).
- ^ Miao Nationality Villages in Southeast Guizhou Province: The villages of Miao Nationality at the Foot of Leigong Mountain in Miao Ling Mountains. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-07).
- ^ Karez Wells. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-04).
- ^ Expansion Project of Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties: King Lujian's Tombs. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-03).
- ^ The Four Sacred Mountains as an Extension of Mt. Taishan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24].
- ^ Taklimakan Desert—Populus euphratica Forests. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-02-22].
- ^ China Altay. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-05).
- ^ Karakorum-Pamir. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-14).
- ^ Wooden Structures of Liao Dynasty—Wooden Pagoda of Yingxian County, Main Hall of Fengguo Monastery of Yixian County. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-09).
- ^ Sites of Hongshan Culture: The Niuheliang Archaeological Site, the Hongshanhou Archaeological Site, and Weijiawopu Archaeological Site. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-11).
- ^ Ancient Porcelain Kiln Site in China. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-12).
- ^ SanFangQiXiang. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-13).
- ^ Dong Villages. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-03).
- ^ Lingqu Canal. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-17).
- ^ Diaolou Buildings and Villages for Tibetan and Qiang Ethnic Groups. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24].
- ^ Archaeological Sites of the Ancient Shu State: Site at Jinsha and Joint Tombs of Boat-shaped Coffins in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province; Site of Sanxingdui in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province 29C.BC-5C.BC. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-17).
- ^ Xinjiang Yardang. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-14).
- ^ Dunhuang Yardangs. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-06).
- ^ Tianzhushan. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-10).
- ^ Jinggangshan--North Wuyishan (Extension of Mount Wuyi). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-12).
- ^ ShuDao. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-18).
- ^ Tulin-Guge Scenic and Historic Interest Areas. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-06).
- ^ The Chinese Section of the Silk Roads. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-06-12).
- ^ Guancen Mountain – Luya Mountain. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-12).
- ^ Hulun Buir Landscape & Birthplace of Ancient Minority. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-07).
- ^ Qinghai Lake. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-05).
- ^ Scenic and historic area of Sacred Mountains and Lakes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-11).
- ^ Taihang Mountain. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-18).
- ^ Vertical Vegetation Landscape and Volcanic Landscape in Changbai Mountain. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-02).
- ^ Imperial Kiln Sites of Jingdezhen. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-05-18).
- ^ Huangguoshu Scenic Area. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-21).
- ^ Guizhou Triassic Fossil Sites. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-11).
- ^ Hainan Tropical Rainforest and the Traditional Settlement of Li Ethnic Group. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-21).
- ^ Fujian Minjiang River Estuary: The ecotone between marine and terrestrial biogeographical regions. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-21).
- ^ Hezheng Mammalian Fossil Sites of Gansu. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-07-24]. (原始内容存档于2025-02-06).
- ^ Guizhou Shuanghe Cave. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-06-29]. (原始内容存档于2025-06-29).
- ^ Zhangye Colorful Hills. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2025-06-29]. (原始内容存档于2025-06-29).
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