 此條目介紹的是星艦上級飛行測試列表。关于星艦任務列表,请见「 星艦發射任務列表」。
星艦亞軌道原型艦SN8發射
SpaceX 在2019至2021年期間共進行8次亞軌道飛行測試。這些測試只是用星艦(上級)而不是完整星艦發射系統。這些測試包括靜態點火測試或繫留點火測試[1]及10至12.5公里亞軌道飛行測試[2]
SpaceX於2019年開始使用星蟲進行多項測試,包括兩次低空繫留飛行測試[1]。隨後星蟲及原型艦SN5和SN6均進行了一次150m低空飛行測試[3][4][5]。另外五艘原型艦(SN8、SN9、SN10、SN11、SN15)分別進行了一次10至12.5公里高的亞軌道飛行測試。[6][7] 在下降過程中,星艦將進行迎風面翻轉機動(Belly Flop),並以水平姿態下降,通過四個機身襟翼進行氣動控制,以模擬在軌任務中大氣層再入後的下降過程。[8]當下降至約500米的高度時,猛禽發動機將重新點火並將飛船翻轉為垂直姿態,以便在混凝土降落區著陸。[9]
飛行記錄
發射結果
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降落結果
- 降落前摧毀
- 降落過程中摧毀
- 降落後摧毀
- 成功 (繫留)
- 成功 (非繫留)
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參見
注釋
- ^ 所有測試都是來自星港
- ^ 儘管成功著陸並開始卸載燃料,但數分鐘後箭體發生爆炸並摧毀。SpaceX稱此次為一次成功的著陸,但後來承認發動機提供的推力低於預期而導致硬著陸[41],並超過著陸腿的最大承載力而爆炸。[42][38]
- ^ 遙測數據中斷時間
資料來源
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Gebhardt, Chris. Starhopper conducts Raptor Static Fire tests. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-04-04 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-04) (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. From hops to hopes - Starship SN8 advances test program into the next phase. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-12-09 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-10) (美国英语).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Berger, Eric. SpaceX's Starship prototype has taken flight for the first time. Ars Technica. 2019-07-26 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-04) (美国英语).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. SpaceX's Starhopper completes 150 meter test hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-08-27 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-02) (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. SN6 begins test campaign as future Starships hatch plans for SpaceX's next leap. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-08-17 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-30) (美国英语).
- ^ Cotton, Ethan. Starship SN8 | 12.5-kilometer hop. Everyday Astronaut. 2020-11-10 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-28) (美国英语).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Cotton, Ethan. Starship SN9: 10 kilometer flight. Everyday Astronaut. 2021-01-24 [2021-02-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-21).
- ^ Mike Wall. SpaceX's Starship SN8 prototype soars on epic test launch, with explosive landing. Space.com. 2020-12-09 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-10) (英语).
- ^ DeSisto, Austin. Starship and its Belly Flop Maneuver. Everyday Astronaut. 2021-04-23 [2024-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-31) (美国英语).
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. Starhopper completed tethered hop. All systems green. t.co/0m5Bm5slD2 (推文). 2019-04-04 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-22) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Gebhardt, Chris. Starhopper conducts Raptor Static Fire test. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-04-03 [2019-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-04).
- ^ Grush, Loren. SpaceX just fired up the engine on its test Starship vehicle for the first time. The Verge. 2019-04-03 [2019-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-04).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. SpaceX readying Starhopper for hops in Texas as Pad 39A plans materialize in Florida. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-06-02 [2019-06-03]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-29).
- ^ Burghardt, Thomas. Starhopper successfully conducts debut Boca Chica Hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-07-25 [2019-07-26]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-26).
- ^ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Baylor, Michael. SpaceX's Starhopper completes 150 meter test hop. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2019-08-27 [2019-08-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-02).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX Starhopper Rocket Prototype Aces Highest (and Final) Test Flight. Space.com. 2019-08-27 [2019-08-29]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-02).
- ^ 150 Meter Starhopper Test. SpaceX. 2019-08-27 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-19) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Mosher, Dave. SpaceX may cannibalize its first Mars rocket-ship prototype in Elon Musk's race to launch Starship. Business Insider. 2019-08-07 [2019-08-27]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-07).
- ^ Ralph, Eric. SpaceX scrubs Starhopper's final Raptor-powered flight as Elon Musk talks finicky igniters. Teslarati. 2019-08-27 [2019-08-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-02).
- ^ 20.0 20.1 Ralph, Eric. SpaceX Starship leaps towards Mars with picture-perfect hop debut. Teslarati. 2020-08-04 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-05).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN5 conducts successful 150-meter flight test. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-08-03 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-01).
- ^ Starship | SN5 | 150m Flight Test. SpaceX. 2020-08-05 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-22) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Clark, Stephen. SpaceX clears big hurdle on next-gen Starship rocket program. Spaceflight Now. 2020-08-05 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-06).
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN5 conducts successful 150-meter flight test. NASASpaceflight. 2020-08-04 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-01).
- ^ 25.0 25.1 Wall, Mike. Starship SN6 maiden hop complete - Super Heavy is coming. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-09-03 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-04).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. SN6 begins test campaign as future Starships hatch plans for SpaceX's next leap. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-08-16 [2021-02-12]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-30).
- ^ Starship | SN6 | 150m Flight Test. SpaceX. 2020-09-04 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-13) –通过YouTube.
- ^ NOTAM. [2020-12-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-08).
- ^ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Bergin, Chris. From hops to hopes - Starship SN8 advances test program into the next phase. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-12-09 [2021-02-08]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-10).
- ^ Starship | SN8 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2020-12-09 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-19) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Bergin, Chris. Starship SN8 pressing to Static Fire and nosecone installation firsts. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-10-18 [2020-10-18]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-19).
- ^ Berger, Eric. What's really going on with Elon Musk, the FAA, and Starship?. Ars Technica. 2021-01-29 [2024-03-19]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-02) (美国英语).
- ^ 33.0 33.1 33.2 Starship | SN9 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2021-02-02 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-12) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Baylor, Michael. Starship SN9 History. Next Spaceflight. [2021-01-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-01).
- ^ Davenport, Christian. What's holding up the next test of SpaceX's Starship? Elon Musk blames the FAA.. The Washington Post. 2021-01-29 [2024-03-19]. ISSN 0190-8286. (原始内容存档于2021-02-03) (美国英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris. Starship SN9 fails to gain FAA green light for Friday attempt. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2021-01-28 [2021-01-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-04).
- ^ Cotton, Ethan. When will SN10 launch? Live Updates. Everyday Astronaut. 2021-02-22 [2021-02-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-21).
- ^ 38.0 38.1 Baylor, Michael. Starship SN10 History. Next Spaceflight. [2021-02-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-05).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX's SN10 Starship prototype lands after epic test launch — but then explodes. Space.com. 2021-03-04 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-04) (英语).
- ^ Starship | SN10 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2021-03-03 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-24) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @austinbarnard45 SN10 engine was low on thrust due (probably) to partial helium ingestion from fuel header tank. Impact of 10m/s crushed legs & part of skirt. Multiple fixes in work for SN11. (推文). 2021-03-09 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-27) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @PPathole @TimSweeneyEpic This was way past leg loads. They got squashed hard. (推文). 2021-03-06 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-30) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Etherington, Darrell. SpaceX's Starship prototype flies to 32,000 feet and sticks the landing in third flight test. TechCrunch. 2021-03-04 [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-03).
- ^ 44.0 44.1 Starship | SN11 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2021-03-30 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-17) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. @SpaceX Looks like engine 2 had issues on ascent & didn't reach operating chamber pressure during landing burn, but, in theory, it wasn't needed. Something significant happened shortly after landing burn start. Should know what it was once we can examine the bits later today. (推文). 2021-03-30 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-30) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Bergin, Chris [@NASASpaceflight]. Ended in a RUD. Remember, it's a test program and they've gained a lot of wins from the four flights. Stable controlled descent is one, but long-duration Raptor performance deserves a shoutout. This was the last view from SpaceX and sign off from John Insprucker: t.co/4KAnLEWIUG (推文). 2021-03-30 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-23) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Sheetz, Michael [@thesheetztweetz]. SpaceX's Starship SN11 captured hurtling back down, with debris seen flying - sound on: t.co/HKyFpJLu9u (推文). 2021-04-02 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-12) –通过Twitter (英语).
- ^ Ralph, Eric. Musk blames SpaceX's latest Starship explosion on Raptor engine leak. teslarati.com. 2021-04-05 [2021-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-05).
- ^ Wall, Mike. SpaceX launches Starship SN15 rocket and sticks the landing in high-altitude test flight. Space.com. 2021-05-05 [2021-05-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-06).
- ^ Starship SN15. nextspaceflight.com. [2021-04-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-23) (英语).
- ^ Starship | SN15 | High-Altitude Flight Test. SpaceX. 2021-05-06 [2022-12-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-17) –通过YouTube.
- ^ Kettley, Sebastian. SpaceX Starship launch: Will Starship SN15 launch this weekend?. Daily Express. 2021-04-09 [2021-04-10]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-10) (英语).
- ^ Timmer, John. SpaceX successfully lands a Starship test flight. Ars Technica. 2021-05-05 [2021-05-07]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-05).
- ^ Template:Cite Tweet
- ^ Beyer, Jack. RIP SN15. X (formerly Twitter). 2024-07-27 [2024-09-11]. (原始内容存档于2025-01-04).
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