2001年航天活動列表 除特别注明外，本条目所有时间均以中时区时间（UTC±0）为准。 本表是動態列表，或許永遠不會完結。歡迎您參考可靠來源來查漏補缺。 此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 2001年航天活动 和平号空间站于3月23日脱离轨道 轨道发射 首次 1月9日 末次 12月28日 总计 59 成功 58 失败 1 标识符 58 火箭 处女航 地球同步卫星运载火箭 H-IIA运载火箭202构型 质子M型运载火箭 联盟-FG型运载火箭 退役 阿丽亚娜4号运载火箭44P构型 阿丽亚娜4号运载火箭44LP构型 雅典娜1号运载火箭（英语：Athena I） 载人航天 轨道飞行次数 8 载人航天人数合计 44 查 论 编 2001年航天活動列表 航天年表 ← 2000 2002 → 和平号空间站离轨 2001年3月23日，俄罗斯和平号空间站脱离轨道，进入大气层并被摧毁，结束了它的使命。其主要部件的使用年限从5年到15年不等，包括核心舱、量子1號、量子2號、晶體號、光譜號（英语：Spektr）和自然號（英语：Priroda）和对接舱。尽管俄罗斯对和平号的未来持乐观态度，但他对国际空间站计划的承诺使其没有资金支持和平号。[1] 轨道发射 已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。 ← 一月 • 二月 • 三月 • 四月 • 五月 • 六月 • 七月 • 八月 • 九月 • 十月 • 十一月 • 十二月 → 发射时间 (UTC) 运载火箭 火箭编号 发射场 发射服务提供商（英语：List of launch service providers） 有效载荷 (⚀ = 立方星) 载荷用户 轨道 功能 再入时间 (UTC) 结果 附注 January 9 January 17:00 Long March 2F Jiuquan Shenzhou 2 CMSA Low Earth Test spacecraft 16 January 11:22 Successful Shenzhou spacecraft orbital module CMSA Low Earth Test spacecraft 24 August 09:05 Successful 10 January 22:09 Ariane 4 44P Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace Türksat 2A Eurasiasat SAM Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 24 January 04:28 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Progress M1-5 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Deorbit Mir 23 March 05:50 Successful Final spacecraft to dock with the Mir space station. Remained docked during re-entry. 30 January 07:55 Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS GPS IIR-7 (USA-156) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational February 7 February 23:05 Ariane 4 44L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace Sicral Geostationary Communications 在轨 Operational Skynet 4F MoD (UK) Geostationary Communications 在轨 Operational Skynet 4F is the final ECS-class satellite. 7 February 23:13 美国航天飞机 亚特兰蒂斯号 Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance STS-98 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 20 February 20:33 Successful Destiny NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component 在轨 Operational Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts 20 February 08:48 Start-1 Svobodniy Site 5 Odin SSC Low Earth Infrared astronomy 在轨 Operational 26 February 08:09 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Progress M-44 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics 16 April 13:23 Successful ISS flight 3P 27 February 21:20 Titan IVB (401)/Centaur Cape Canaveral SLC-40 Lockheed Martin Milstar 2 (USA-157) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational March 8 March 11:42 Space Shuttle 发现号 Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance STS-102 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 21 March 07:31 Successful Leonardo MPLM ASI/NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics Successful Crewed orbital flight with 7 astronauts, ISS crew exchange (launched Expedition 2) Maiden flight of Multi-Purpose Logistics Module 8 March 22:51 Ariane 5G Kourou ELA-3 Arianespace Eurobird Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational BSAT-2A BSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 18 March 22:33 Zenit-3SL Ocean Odyssey Sea Launch XM-2 "Rock" XM Satellite Radio Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Partial satellite failure Design fault with solar panels led to shorter operational life, deactivated November 2006 April 7 April 03:47 Proton-M/Briz-M Baikonur Site 81/24 Ekran-M 18 GPKS Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational Maiden flight of Proton-M 7 April 15:02 Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS 2001 Mars Odyssey NASA Areocentric Mars orbiter 在轨 Operational 18 April 10:13 GSLV Satish Dhawan FLP ISRO GSAT-1 ISRO Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Failure Payload placed in incorrect orbit due to underpowered upper stage of launch vehicle Maiden flight of GSLV 19 April 18:40 Space Shuttle 奋进号 Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance STS-100 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 1 May 16:10 Successful Raffaello MPLM ASI/NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics Successful Canadarm2 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS component 在轨 Operational Crewed orbital flight with 7 astronauts 28 April 07:37 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Soyuz TM-32 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS escape craft 31 October Successful Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first space tourist, whose flight was arranged by the American company Space Adventures May 8 May 22:10 Zenit-3SL Ocean Odyssey Sea Launch XM-1 "Roll" XM Satellite Radio Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Partial satellite failure Design fault with solar panels led to shorter operational life, deactivated November 2006 15 May 01:11 Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services Panamsat 10 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 18 May 17:45 Delta II 7925-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Boeing IDS GeoLITE (USA-158) NRO Geostationary Experimental communications 在轨 Operational NROL-17 Mission. 20 May 22:32 Soyuz-FG Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Progress M1-6 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics 22 August Successful Maiden flight of Soyuz-FG ISS flight 4P 29 May 17:55 Soyuz-U Plesetsk Site 43/4 VKS Kosmos 2377 MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 10 October Successful June 8 June 15:08 Kosmos-3M Plesetsk Site 132 VKS Kosmos 2378 MO RF Low Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational 9 June 06:45 Ariane 4 44L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace Intelsat 901 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 16 June 01:49 Proton-K/DM-2M Baikonur Site 81/23 International Launch Services Astra 2C SES Astra Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 19 June 04:41 Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral SLC-36B International Launch Services ICO F2 ICO Medium Earth Communications 在轨 Operational 30 June 17:45 Delta II 7425-10 Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Boeing IDS WMAP NASA Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange Point Astronomy 在轨 Successful Ceased operations on 20 August 2010, subsequently manoeuvred into heliocentric orbit on 8 September[2] July 12 July 09:03 Space Shuttle Atlantis Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance STS-104 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 25 July 03:38 Successful Quest NASA Low Earth ISS component 在轨 Operational Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts 12 July 21:58 Ariane 5G Kourou ELA-3 Arianespace Artemis ESA Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Partial launch failure Operational BSAT-2B BSAT Intended: Geosynchronous Achieved: Medium Earth Communications 28 January 2014 Launch failure Premature cutoff of 2nd stage. Artemis reached correct orbit under own power, BSAT abandoned in useless orbit 20 July 00:17 Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/4 VKS Molniya 3–51 MO RF Molniya Communications 19 December 2016[3] Successful 23 July 07:23 Atlas IIA Cape Canaveral SLC-36A GOES-12 (GOES-M) NOAA Geosynchronous Weather satellite 在轨 Operational 31 July 08:00 Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk Site 32/2 VKS Koronas F RAKA Sun-synchronous Solar observation 6 December 2005[4] Successful August 6 August 07:28 Titan IVB (402)/IUS Cape Canaveral SLC-40 Lockheed Martin DSP-21 (USA-159) US Air Force Geosynchronous Missile early warning 在轨 Operational 8 August 16:13 Delta II 7326-9.5 Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Boeing IDS Genesis NASA Earth-Sun L1 Lagrange Point Solar wind sample return 8 September 2004 Partial failure Parachute failed to deploy upon return to Earth, some samples recovered from wreckage 10 August 21:10 Space Shuttle Discovery Kennedy LC-39A United Space Alliance STS-105 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 22 August 03:38 Successful Leonardo MPLM ASI/NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics Successful Simplesat NASA Low Earth Astronomy 30 January 2002 Failure Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts ISS crew exchange (launched Expedition 3) Simplesat released 20 August 18:30 UTC, and failed to contact ground 21 August 09:23 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Progress M-45 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics 22 November Successful ISS flight 5P 24 August 20:35 Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur Site 81/24 VKS Kosmos 2379 VKS Geosynchronous Early warning 在轨 Operational 29 August 07:00 H-IIA 202 Tanegashima LA-Y1 LRE NASDA Geostationary transfer Orbit determination 在轨 Successful VEP-2 NASDA Geostationary transfer Boilerplate spacecraft 在轨 Successful Maiden flight of H-IIA 30 August 06:46 Ariane 4 44L Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace Intelsat 902 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational September 8 September 15:25 Atlas IIAS Vandenberg SLC-3E Lockheed Martin NOSS C1-1 (USA-160) NRO Low Earth SIGINT 在轨 Operational NOSS C1-1 (USA-160-2) NRO Low Earth SIGINT 在轨 Operational 14 September 23:34 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roscosmos Progress M-SO1 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Space tug / ISS assembly 26 September Successful Pirs Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS component 26 July 2021 14:51[5] Successful ISS flight 4R 21 September 18:49 Taurus 2110 Vandenberg LC-576E Orbital Sciences Orbview-4 OrbImage Intended: Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 21 September Launch failure QuikTOMS NASA Intended: Low Earth (SSO) Ozone observation SBD / Celestis-4 Orbital Sciences / Celestis Intended: Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration / Space burial Failed to reach orbit after control issues. SBD and Celestis-4 were hosted payloads on the third stage. 25 September 23:21 Ariane 4 44P Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace Atlantic Bird 2 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational Final flight of Ariane 4 44P. 30 September 02:40 Athena I Kodiak LP-1 Lockheed Martin Starshine 3 NASA Low Earth Laser ranging 21 January 2003 Successful Picosat 9 U.S. Air Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 在轨 Successful PCSat U.S. Air Force Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational SAPPHIRE Stanford University Low Earth Education 在轨 Successful Kodiak Star, Space Test Program mission. Final flight of Athena I, and at the time final flight of the Athena family, which was later reactivated. First orbital launch from Kodiak Island. October 5 October 21:21 Titan IVB (404) Vandenberg SLC-4E Lockheed Martin EIS-2 (USA-161) NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational 6 October 16:45 Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur Site 81 VKS Raduga-1 VKS Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 11 October 02:32 Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral SLC-36B Aquila (USA-162) NRO Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational 18 October 18:51 Delta II 7320-10 Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS QuickBird 2 DigitalGlobe Low Earth Earth observation 27 January 2015[6] Successful 21 October 08:59 Soyuz-U Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Soyuz TM-33 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS escape craft 5 May 2002 03:52 Successful Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts 22 October 04:53 PSLV Satish Dhawan FLP ISRO TES ISRO Low Earth Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational PROBA ESA Low Earth Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational BIRD DLR Low Earth Earth imaging 在轨 Operational 25 October 11:34 Molniya-M Plesetsk Site 43/3 VKS Molniya 3–52 VKS Molniya Communications 6 December 2011 Successful November 26 November 18:24 Soyuz-FG Baikonur Site 1/5 Roskosmos Progress M1-7 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics 20 March 2002 Successful Kolibri RAKA Low Earth Technology demonstration 4 May 2002 Successful ISS flight 6P Kolibri deployed from Progress on 19 March 2002 27 November 00:35 Ariane 4 44LP Kourou ELA-2 Arianespace DirecTV-4S DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational Final flight of Ariane 4 44LP December 1 December 18:04 Proton-K/DM-2 Baikonur VKS Kosmos 2382 (GLONASS) KNITs Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational Kosmos 2383 (GLONASS) KNITs Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational Kosmos 2384 (GLONASS) KNITs Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational 5 December 22:19 Space Shuttle Endeavour Kennedy LC-39B United Space Alliance STS-108 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 17 December 17:55 Successful Raffaello MPLM ASI/NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics Successful Starshine 2 NASA Low Earth Technology demonstration 26 April 2002 Successful Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts ISS crew exchange (launched Expedition 4) Starshine 2 released 16 December, 15:02 UTC 7 December 15:07 Delta II 7920-10 Vandenberg SLC-2W Boeing IDS Jason 1 CNES/NASA Low Earth Oceanography 在轨 Operational TIMED NASA Low Earth Solar research 在轨 Operational 10 December 17:18 Zenit-2 Baikonur Site 45/1 Meteor 3M-1 Rosaviakosmos Low Earth Weather satellite 在轨 Operational Kompas IZMIRAN Low Earth Earthquake prediction 在轨 Operational Badr-B SUPARCO Low Earth Earth imaging 在轨 Partially Successful Maroc-Tubsat Centre Royal de Teledetection Spatiale/TU Berlin Low Earth Earth imaging/Communications 在轨 Operational Reflector Rosaviakosmos/US Air Force Low Earth Space debris research 在轨 Operational 21 December 04:00 Tsyklon-2 Baikonur Site 90/20 Kosmos 2383 (US-PM) Russian Navy Low Earth Reconnaissance 20 March 2004 18:54[7] Successful 28 December 03:24 Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk Site 32/2 VKS Kosmos 2384 (Strela) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational Kosmos 2385 (Strela) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational Kosmos 2386 (Strela) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational Gonets D1-10 (Gonets) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational Gonets D1-11 (Gonets) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational Gonets D1-12 (Gonets) VKS Low Earth Communications 在轨 Operational ← 一月 • 二月 • 三月 • 四月 • 五月 • 六月 • 七月 • 八月 • 九月 • 十月 • 十一月 • 十二月 → 发射统计 按国家（区域） 就本章节的目的而言，各国每年的轨道发射统计均将每次飞行分配给火箭的原产国，而不是发射服务提供商或发射场所在国。   中国: 1   欧洲: 8   印度: 2   日本: 1   俄罗斯: 19   美国: 22   乌克兰: 6 国家（区域） 发射数 成功数 失败数 部分 失败数 备注  中国 1 1 0 0  歐洲 8 7 0 1  印度 2 1 1 0  日本 1 1 0 0  俄羅斯 19 19 0 0  乌克兰 6 6 0 0  美国 22 21 1 0 总计 59 56 2 1 按火箭 已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。 5 10 15 20 Ariane Atlas Delta R-7 R-36 Space Shuttle Titan UR Zenit Others   阿丽亚娜4号   阿丽亚娜5号   宇宙神2号   德尔塔2号   闪电-M   Soyuz-U   Soyuz-FG   Tsyklon-2   Tsyklon-3   Space Shuttle   Titan IV   Proton-K   Proton-M   Zenit-2   Zenit-3   Others   By family Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks Ariane  歐洲 8 7 0 1 Athena  美国 1 1 0 0 Final flight Atlas  美国 4 4 0 0 Delta  美国 7 7 0 0 GSLV  印度 1 0 1 0 Maiden flight H-II  日本 1 1 0 0 Long March  中国 1 1 0 0 Minotaur  美国 1 0 1 0 PSLV  印度 1 1 0 0 R-7  俄羅斯 11 11 0 0 R-14  俄羅斯 1 1 0 0 R-36  乌克兰 3 3 0 0 RT-2PM  俄羅斯 1 1 0 0 Space Shuttle  美国 6 6 0 0 Titan  美国 3 3 0 0 Universal Rocket  俄羅斯 6 6 0 0 Zenit  乌克兰 3 3 0 0 By type Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks 阿丽亚娜4号  歐洲 Ariane 6 6 0 0 Ariane 5  歐洲 Ariane 2 1 0 1 Athena I  美国 Athena 1 1 0 0 Final flight Atlas II  美国 Atlas 4 4 0 0 Delta II  美国 Delta 7 7 0 0 GLSV  印度 GSLV 1 0 1 0 Maiden flight H-IIA  日本 H-II 1 1 0 0 Maiden flight Kosmos  俄羅斯 R-14 1 1 0 0 Long March 2  中国 Long March 1 1 0 0 Molniya  俄羅斯 R-7 2 2 0 0 PSLV  印度 PSLV 1 1 0 0 Proton  俄羅斯 UR 6 6 0 0 Soyuz  俄羅斯 R-7 9 9 0 0 Space Shuttle  美国 Space Shuttle 6 6 0 0 Start  俄羅斯 RT-2PM 1 1 0 0 Taurus  美国 Minotaur 1 0 1 0 大力神4号  美国 Titan 3 3 0 0 Tsyklon  乌克兰 R-36 3 3 0 0 Zenit  乌克兰 Zenit 3 3 0 0 By configuration Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks 阿丽亚娜4号44P构型  歐洲 Ariane 4 2 2 0 0 Final flight 阿丽亚娜4号44LP构型  歐洲 Ariane 4 1 1 0 0 Final flight 阿丽亚娜4号44L构型  歐洲 Ariane 4 3 3 0 0 Ariane 5G  歐洲 Ariane 5 2 1 0 1 Athena I  美国 Athena 1 1 0 0 Final flight Atlas IIA  美国 Atlas II 1 1 0 0 Atlas IIAS  美国 Atlas II 3 3 0 0 Delta II 7320-10  美国 Delta II 1 1 0 0 Delta II 7326-9.5  美国 Delta II 1 1 0 0 Delta II 7425-10  美国 Delta II 1 1 0 0 Delta II 7920-10  美国 Delta II 1 1 0 0 Delta II 7925-9.5  美国 Delta II 3 3 0 0 GLSV Mk I  印度 GSLV 1 0 1 0 Maiden flight H-IIA 202  日本 H-IIA 1 1 0 0 Maiden flight Kosmos-3M  俄羅斯 Kosmos 1 1 0 0 Long March 2F  中国 Long March 2 1 1 0 0 Molniya-M  俄羅斯 Molniya 2 2 0 0 PSLV-G  印度 PSLV 1 1 0 0 质子K型 / Blok DM-2  俄羅斯 Proton 3 3 0 0 质子K型 / Blok DM-2M  俄羅斯 Proton 2 2 0 0 质子M型 / Briz-M  俄羅斯 Proton 1 1 0 0 Maiden flight Soyuz-U  俄羅斯 Soyuz 7 7 0 0 Soyuz-FG  俄羅斯 Soyuz 2 2 0 0 Maiden flight Space Shuttle  美国 Space Shuttle 6 6 0 0 Start-1  俄羅斯 Start 1 1 0 0 Taurus 2110  美国 Taurus 1 0 1 0 Titan IVB  美国 Titan IV 1 1 0 0 Titan IVB / Centaur-T  美国 Titan IV 1 1 0 0 Titan IVB / IUS  美国 Titan IV 1 1 0 0 旋风-2（英语：Tsyklon-2）  乌克兰 Tsyklon 1 1 0 0 旋风-3（英语：Tsyklon-3）  乌克兰 Tsyklon 2 2 0 0 Zenit-2  乌克兰 Zenit 1 1 0 0 Zenit-3SL  乌克兰 Zenit 2 2 0 0 按发射场 已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。 5 10 15 20 25 30 China France India International waters Japan Kazakhstan Russia United States   Jiuquan   Kourou   Satish Dhawan   Ocean Odyssey   Tanegashima   Baikonur   Plesetsk   Svobodny   Cape Canaveral   Kennedy   Kodiak   Vandenberg Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks Baikonur  哈萨克斯坦 16 16 0 0 Cape Canaveral  美国 10 10 0 0 Jiuquan  中国 1 1 0 0 Kennedy  美国 6 6 0 0 Kodiak  美国 1 1 0 0 First orbital launch Kourou  法國 8 7 0 1 Ocean Odyssey International waters 2 2 0 0 Plesetsk  俄羅斯 6 6 0 0 Satish Dhawan  印度 2 1 1 0 Svobodny  俄羅斯 1 1 0 0 Tanegashima  日本 1 1 0 0 Vandenberg  美国 5 4 1 0 Total 59 56 2 1 按轨道 已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。 5 10 15 20 25 30 Low Earth Medium Earth / Molniya Geosynchronous / transfer Heliocentric / Planetary transfer   Low Earth   Low Earth (Mir)   Low Earth (ISS)   Low Earth (SSO)   Medium Earth   Molniya   Geosynchronous   Heliocentric Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally achieved Remarks Low Earth / Sun-synchronous 29 28 1 0 Including flights to ISS and Mir Geosynchronous /GTO 22 21 1 0 GSLV launch failure left satellite in useless transfer orbit Medium Earth / Molniya 5 5 0 1 Ariane 5 partial failure left payloads in a useless medium earth orbit. One satellite was able to correct itself to the intended geostationary transfer orbit. Heliocentric orbit / Planetary transfer 3 3 0 0 Total 59 57 2 1 参考 中国国家航天局 中国探月网 Encyclopedia Astronautica Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構 Jonathan's Space Report（SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项） Mission Set Database (NASA GFC) NASA NASA SpaceFlight.com Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs Space Calander (NASA JPL) Southwest Space Archive SPACE.com Launch Forecast SpaceFlightNow Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive U.S. Space Objects Registry 脚注 ^ Mir Destroyed in Fiery Descent. CNN. 22 March 2001 [10 November 2009]. （原始内容存档于21 November 2009）.  ^ Clark, Stephen. WMAP finishes nine-year probe of infant universe. Spaceflight Now. 6 October 2010 [7 October 2010]. （原始内容存档于10 October 2010）.  ^ MOLNIYA 3-51. N2YO.com. [24 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于1 September 2020）.  ^ CORONAS F. N2YO.com. [24 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于1 September 2020）.  ^ Gebhardt, Chris. Farewell, Pirs; ISS module decommissioned, destructively reentered. NASASpaceFlight. 25 July 2021 [26 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于26 July 2021）.  ^ QUICKBIRD 2. N2YO.com. [24 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于11 August 2020）.  ^ Podvig, Pavel. Reentry of the Cosmos-2383 naval reconnaissance satellite. Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces. 20 March 2004 [24 August 2019]. （原始内容存档于24 August 2019）.

Index: pl ar de en es fr it arz nl ja pt ceb sv uk vi war zh ru af ast az bg zh-min-nan bn be ca cs cy da et el eo eu fa gl ko hi hr id he ka la lv lt hu mk ms min no nn ce uz kk ro simple sk sl sr sh fi ta tt th tg azb tr ur zh-yue hy my ace als am an hyw ban bjn map-bms ba be-tarask bcl bpy bar bs br cv nv eml hif fo fy ga gd gu hak ha hsb io ig ilo ia ie os is jv kn ht ku ckb ky mrj lb lij li lmo mai mg ml zh-classical mr xmf mzn cdo mn nap new ne frr oc mhr or as pa pnb ps pms nds crh qu sa sah sco sq scn si sd szl su sw tl shn te bug vec vo wa wuu yi yo diq bat-smg zu lad kbd ang smn ab roa-rup frp arc gn av ay bh bi bo bxr cbk-zam co za dag ary se pdc dv dsb myv ext fur gv gag inh ki glk gan guw xal haw rw kbp pam csb kw km kv koi kg gom ks gcr lo lbe ltg lez nia ln jbo lg mt mi tw mwl mdf mnw nqo fj nah na nds-nl nrm nov om pi pag pap pfl pcd krc kaa ksh rm rue sm sat sc trv stq nso sn cu so srn kab roa-tara tet tpi to chr tum tk tyv udm ug vep fiu-vro vls wo xh zea ty ak bm ch ny ee ff got iu ik kl mad cr pih ami pwn pnt dz rmy rn sg st tn ss ti din chy ts kcg ve

Prefix: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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