2004年航天活動列表

除特别注明外，本条目所有时间均以中时区时间（UTC±0）为准。

2004年航天活动

太空船一号在15P号飞行任务中着陆，这是首次私人资助的载人航天飞行
轨道发射
首次	1月11日
末次	12月26日
总计	54
成功	50
失败	1
部分失败	3
标识符	53
火箭
处女航	阿丽亚娜5号5G+构型 德尔塔-4重型 联盟2.1a（亚轨道）
退役	阿丽亚娜5号5G+构型 擎天神2AS 擎天神3A 擎天神5號521构型
载人航天
轨道飞行次数	2
亚轨道飞行次数	3
载人航天人数合计	8
查 论 编

本文概述了2004年航天领域发生的重大事件，包括主要发射和舱外活动。

2004年创下了全球航天轨道发射次数的极小值，仅有54次。上一个比2004年发射次数更低的年份则要追溯至1961年（50次），当时人类首次进入太空。2004年后截至目前的年份，发射次数也均高于当年。

太空船一号（X0）的15P号飞行是首次私人资助的载人航天飞行。它于2004年6月21日进行。这是Tier One计划的第四次动力试飞，前三次试飞的高度都低得多。这次飞行只搭载了飞行员迈克·梅尔维尔，他因此成为第一位非政府宇航员。

2004年12月21日，德尔塔-4重型运载火箭首次发射，携带了模拟载荷，发射任务以部分失败告终。液氧推进剂管线中的空化导致两个助推器提前八秒关闭，核心发动机提前九秒关闭；这导致一二级分离时速度过低，第二级无法补偿。最终载荷被留在比预期更低的轨道上。

已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。

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发射时间 (UTC)	运载火箭		火箭编号	发射场		发射服务提供商（英语：List of launch service providers）
		有效载荷 (⚀ = 立方星)	载荷用户	轨道	功能	再入时间 (UTC)	结果
	附注
January
11 January 04:13	Zenit-3SL			Ocean Odyssey		Sea Launch
		Estrela do Sul 1 (Telstar 14)		Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational Partial spacecraft failure
	One of the payload's solar panels did not deploy, and several transponders were disabled. Its replacement, Telstar 14R, launched in 2011, suffered a similar issue.
29 January 11:58	Soyuz-U			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskosmos
		Progress M1-11	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Logistics	3 June	Successful
	ISS flight 13P
February
5 February 23:46	Atlas IIAS			Cape Canaveral SLC-36A		International Launch Services
		AMC-10	SES Americom	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
14 February 18:50	Titan IVB (402)/IUS			Cape Canaveral SLC-40		Lockheed Martin
		DSP-22	US Air Force	Geosynchronous	Missile warning	在轨	Operational
18 February 07:05	Molniya-M			Plesetsk Site 16/2		VKS
		Kosmos 2405		Molniya	Missile warning	在轨	Operational
March
2 March 07:17	Ariane 5G+			Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		Rosetta	ESA	Heliocentric	Comet probe	30 September 2016	Successful
		Philae	ESA	Heliocentric	Comet lander	9 July 2015	Successful
	Maiden flight of Ariane 5G+ Studied the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and asteroids 2867 Šteins and 21 Lutetia
13 March 05:40	Atlas IIIA			Cape Canaveral SLC-36B		International Launch Services
		MBSat	MBSAT	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
	Final flight of Atlas IIIA
15 March 23:06	Proton-M/Briz-M			Baikonur Site 81/24		International Launch Services
		Eutelsat W3A	Eutelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
20 March 17:53	Delta II 7925			Cape Canaveral SLC-17B		Boeing IDS
		GPS IIR-11	US Air Force	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
27 March 03:30	Proton-K/DM-2			Baikonur Site 81/23		VKS
		Kosmos 2406 (Raduga-1)	Russian military	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
April
16 April 00:45	Atlas IIAS			Cape Canaveral SLC-36A		International Launch Services
		Superbird 6	SCC	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
18 April 15:59	Long March 2C			Jiuquan
		Tansuo 1 (Shiyan 1)	University of Harbin	Low Earth	Land resource mapping	在轨	Operational
		Naxing 1	Tsinghua University	Low Earth	Earth imaging	在轨	Operational
19 April 03:19	Soyuz-FG			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskosmos
		Soyuz TMA-4	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS Expedition 9	24 October	Successful
	Crewed orbital flight with 3 cosmonauts
20 April 16:57	Delta II 7920			Vandenberg SLC-2W		Boeing IDS
		Gravity Probe B	NASA	Low Earth	Test Einstein's Theory of relativity	在轨	Successful
26 April 20:37	Proton-K/DM-2M			Baikonur Site 200/39
		Ekspress AM11	RSCC	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Decommissioned[1]
May
4 May 12:42	Zenit-3SL			Ocean Odyssey		Sea Launch
		DirecTV-7S	DirecTV	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
17 May 11:12	GoFast			Black Rock Desert, Nevada, USA		CSXT
			CSXT	Suborbital	Test spacecraft	17 May	Successful
	First amateur space launch (apogee: 116 km)[2]
19 May 22:22	Atlas IIAS			Cape Canaveral SLC-36B		International Launch Services
		AMC-11	SES Americom	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
20 May 17:47	Taurus 3120			Vandenberg LC-576E		Orbital Sciences
		FORMOSAT-2 (ROCSAT-2)	NSPO	Low Earth	Earth imaging	在轨	Operational
25 May 12:34	Soyuz-U			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskosmos
		Progress M-49	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Logistics	30 July	Successful
	ISS flight 14P
28 May 06:00	Tsyklon-2			Baikonur Site 90/20		VKS
		Kosmos 2405	VMF	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	在轨	Operational
June
10 June 01:28	Zenit-2			Baikonur Site 45/1		VKS
		Kosmos 2406	VKS	Low Earth	Signals intelligence	在轨	Operational
16 June 22:27	Proton-M/Briz-M			Baikonur Site 200/39		International Launch Services
		Intelsat 10-02	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
21 June 14:47	SpaceShipOne			White Knight, Mojave Spaceport		Scaled Composites
		Flight 15P	Scaled Composites	Suborbital	Test spacecraft	21 June	Successful
	Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Mike Melvill) First privately funded crewed spaceflight Maiden flight of SpaceShipOne as a spacecraft
23 June 22:54	Delta II 7925			Cape Canaveral SLC-17B		Boeing IDS
		GPS IIR-12	US Air Force	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
29 June 03:59	Zenit-3SL			Ocean Odyssey		Sea Launch
		Telstar 18	Loral/Apstar	Intended: Geosynchronous Achieved: Medium Earth	Communications	在轨	Partial launch failure
	Premature cutout left payload in useless orbit
29 June 06:30	Dnepr			Baikonur Site 109/95		ISC Kosmotras
		LatinSat D (AprizeSat 2)	Aprize	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
		Demeter	CNES	Low Earth	Seismology	在轨	Operational
		SaudiComsat 1	RSRI	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
		SaudiComsat 2	RSRI	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
		SaudiSat 2	RSRI	Low Earth	Earth imaging	在轨	Operational
		LatinSat C (AprizeSat 1)	Aprize	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
		Unisat 3	Sapienza University of Rome	Low Earth	Technology development	在轨	Operational
		Amsat Echo	AMSAT	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
July
15 July 10:02	Delta II 7920-10L			Vandenberg SLC-2W		Boeing IDS
		Aura	NASA	Sun-synchronous (A-train)	Atmospheric research	在轨	Operational
18 July 00:44	Ariane 5G+			Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		Anik F2	Telesat	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
22 July 17:46	Kosmos-3M			Plesetsk Site 132/1		VKS
		Kosmos 2409 (Parus)		Low Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
25 July 07:05	Long March 2C			Taiyuan
		Tan Ce 2	CASC/ESA	High Earth (High-eccentricity)	Magnetosphere research	在轨	Operational
August
3 August 07:18	Delta II 7925H			Cape Canaveral SLC-17B		Boeing IDS
		MESSENGER	NASA	Mercurian	Mercury probe	30 April 2015	Successful
	Became the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury on 4 April 2011
4 August 22:32	Proton-M/Briz-M			Baikonur Site 200/39		International Launch Services
		Amazonas	Hispasat	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
11 August 05:03	Soyuz-U			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskosmos
		Progress M-50	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Logistics	22 December	Successful
	ISS flight 15P
29 August 07:50	Long March 2C			Jiuquan
		FSW-19 (FSW-2)		Geosynchronous	Earth imaging	7 November 23:55	Successful
31 August 23:17	Atlas IIAS			Cape Canaveral SLC-36A		International Launch Services
		SDS-3-4 (USA-179)	NRO	Geosynchronous	Classified	在轨	Operational
	Final flight of Atlas IIAS
September
6 September 10:35	Shavit-1			Palmachim
		Ofeq-6		Intended: Low Earth (retrograde)	Reconnaissance	T+270	Launch failure
	Loss of control during third stage burn
8 September 23:14	Long March 4B			Taiyuan
		Shijian 6-01A	CASC	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	在轨	Operational
		Shijian 6-01B	CASC	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	在轨	Operational
20 September 10:31	GSLV			Satish Dhawan FLP		ISRO
		EDUSAT (GSAT-3)	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
23 September 15:07	Kosmos-3M			Plesetsk Site 132/1		VKS
		Kosmos 2408	Russian military	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
		Kosmos 2409	Russian military	Low Earth	Communications	在轨	Operational
24 September 16:50	Soyuz-U			Plestsk Site 16/2		VKS
		Kosmos 2410	Russian military	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	9 January 2005	Failure
	Re-entry capsule could not be located
27 September 08:00	Long March 2D			Jiuquan
		FSW-20 (FSW-3)		Low Earth	Earth imaging	在轨	Operational
29 September 15:12	SpaceShipOne			White Knight, Mojave Spaceport		Scaled Composites
		Flight 16P	Scaled Composites	Suborbital	Ansari X Prize qualification	29 September	Successful
	Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Mike Melvill)
October
4 October 14:49	SpaceShipOne			White Knight, Mojave Spaceport		Scaled Composites
		Flight 17P	Scaled Composites	Suborbital	Ansari X Prize qualification	4 October	Successful
	Crewed sub-orbital flight with 1 astronaut (Brian Binnie) Final flight of SpaceShipOne
14 October 03:06	Soyuz-FG			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskosmos
		Soyuz TMA-5	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS Expedition 10	24 April 2005	Successful
	Crewed orbital flight with 3 cosmonauts
14 October 21:23	Proton-M/Briz-M			Baikonur Site 200/39		International Launch Services
		AMC-15	SES Americom	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
19 October 01:20	Long March 3A			Xichang
		Feng Yun 2C		Geosynchronous	Weather satellite	在轨	Operational
29 October 22:11	Proton-K/DM-2M			Baikonur Site 200/39
		Ekspress AM-1	RSCC	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
November
6 November 03:10	Long March 4B			Taiyuan
		Zi Yuan 2C		Geosynchronous	Earth imaging	在轨	Operational
6 November 05:39	Delta II 7925			Cape Canaveral SLC-17B		Boeing IDS
		GPS IIR-13	US Air Force	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
8 November 18:30	Soyuz-2.1a			Plesetsk Site 43/4
		Zenit-8 (Obilik)		Suborbital	Test carrier rocket	8 November	Successful
	Maiden flight of Soyuz-2.1a
18 November 10:45	Long March 2C			Xichang
		Shiyan 2		Low Earth	Earth observation	在轨	Operational
20 November 17:16	Delta II 7320			Cape Canaveral SLC-17A		Boeing IDS
		Swift	NASA	Low Earth	Gamma-ray research	在轨	Operational
December
14 December	Taiwan Sounding Rocket		Sounding Rocket IV	Jiu Peng Air Base		NSPO
		Airglow photometer, GPS receiver[3]	NSPO	Suborbital	Airglow research, technology test	14 December	Successful
	Apogee: ~280 km（174 mi）
17 December 12:07	Atlas V 521			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		International Launch Services
		AMC-16	SES Americom	Geosynchronous	Communications	在轨	Operational
18 December 16:26	Ariane 5G+			Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		Helios 2A	DGA	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	在轨	Operational
		Nanosat 01	INTA	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	在轨	Operational
		Essaim 1	DGA	Low Earth	ELINT	在轨	Operational
		Essaim 2	DGA	Low Earth	ELINT	在轨	Operational
		Essaim 3	DGA	Low Earth	ELINT	在轨	Operational
		Essaim 4	DGA	Low Earth	ELINT	在轨	Operational
		Parasol	CNES	Sun-synchronous (A-train)	Aeronomy	在轨	Operational
	Final flight of Ariane 5G+
21 December 21:50	Delta IV Heavy 9250H			Cape Canaveral SLC-37B		Boeing IDS
		DemoSat (USA-181)	US Air Force	Intended: Subsynchronous Actual: Medium Earth	Test launch vehicle	在轨	Partial launch failure
		Sparkie (3CSat1)	US Air Force	Low Earth	Cloud imaging	22 December	Satellite failure
		Ralphie (3CSat2)	US Air Force	Low Earth	Cloud imaging	22 December	Satellite failure
	Maiden flight of Delta IV Heavy Premature cut-off of second stage (burn one) left all payloads in wrong orbits. Both nanosats failed to contact ground after separation
22 December	R-36			Dombarovskiy		RVSN
		Dummy warhead	RVSN	Suborbital	Missile test	22 December	Successful
23 December 22:19	Soyuz-U			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roskomsos
		Progress M-51	Roskosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Logistics	9 March 2005	Successful
	ISS flight 16P
24 December 11:20	Tsyklon-3			Plesetsk Site 32/2		VKS
		Sich-1M	NKAU	Low Earth	Earth observation	在轨	Partial launch failure
		MK-1TS	NKAU	Low Earth	Earth observation
	Both satellites placed into incorrect orbits due to premature third stage cutoff
26 December 13:53	Proton-K/DM-2			Baikonur Site 200/39		VKS
		Kosmos 2411 (GLONASS)	KNITs	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
		Kosmos 2412 (GLONASS)	KNITs	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational
		Kosmos 2413 (GLONASS)	KNITs	Medium Earth	Navigation	在轨	Operational

此列表不完整，欢迎您扩充内容。 (2011年2月1日)

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。

开始时间	持续时间	结束时间	航天器	乘组	工作内容	备注
26 February 21:17	3 hours 55 minutes	27 February 01:12	Expedition 8 ISS Pirs	/Michael Foale Alexander Kaleri	Replaced microgravity experiment cassette containers, attached the Russian experiment Matryoshka to Zvezda, and removed a JAXA micro-meteor impact experiment.[4]	Reduced duration due a cooling system malfunction in Kaleri's spacesuit.
24 June 21:56	14 minutes	22:10	Expedition 9 ISS Pirs	Gennady Padalka Michael Fincke	Spacewalk cut short due to a pressure problem in Fincke's prime oxygen tank in his spacesuit.[5][6]	Rescheduled for 30 June.
30 June 21:19	5 hours 40 minutes	1 July 02:59	Expedition 9 ISS Pirs	Gennady Padalka Michael Fincke	Replaced a Remote Power Controller (RPC) that failed in late April, causing a loss of power in Control Moment Gyroscope No. 2 (CMG 2).[5][7]
3 August 06:58	4 hours 30 minutes	11:28	Expedition 9 ISS Pirs	Gennady Padalka Michael Fincke	Removed laser retro reflectors from the Zvezda assembly compartment, and installed three updated laser retro reflectors and one internal videometer target in preparation for the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV). Installed two antennas, and removed and replaced Kromka experiment packages.[5][8]
3 September 16:43	5 hours 20 minutes	22:04	Expedition 9 ISS Pirs	Gennady Padalka Michael Fincke	Replaced the Zarya Control Module flow control panel, installed four safety tether fairleads on Zarya's handrails, installed three communications antennas, and removed covers from the antennas.[5][9]

•   中国: 8
•   欧洲: 3
•   印度: 1
•   以色列: 1
•   俄罗斯: 18
•   乌克兰: 7
•   美国: 16

国家（区域）		发射数	成功数	失败数	部分 失败数	备注
	中国	8	8	0	0
	歐洲	3	3	0	0
	印度	1	1	0	0
	以色列	1	0	1	0
	俄羅斯	18	18	0	0
	乌克兰	7	5	0	2
	美国	16	15	0	1
总计		54	50	1	3

已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。

2.5

5

7.5

10

12.5

15

Ariane

Atlas

Delta

Long March

R-7

R-14

R-36

Universal Rocket

Zenit

Others

•   Ariane 5
•   Atlas II
•   Atlas III
•   Atlas V
•   Delta II
•   Delta IV Heavy
•   Long March 2
•   Long March 3
•   Long March 4
•   Molniya-M
•   Soyuz-U
•   Soyuz-FG
•   Kosmos-3M
•   Dnepr
•   Tsyklon-2
•   Tsyklon-3
•   Proton-K
•   Proton-M
•   Zenit-2
•   Zenit-3SL
•   Others
•  

By family

Family	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Ariane	歐洲	3	3	0	0
Atlas	美国	6	6	0	0
Delta	美国	8	7	0	1
GSLV	印度	1	1	0	0
Long March	中国	8	8	0	0
Minotaur	美国	1	1	0	0
R-7	俄羅斯	8	8	0	0
R-14	俄羅斯	2	2	0	0
R-36	乌克兰	3	2	0	1
Shavit	以色列	1	0	1	0
Titan	美国	1	1	0	0
Universal Rocket	俄羅斯	8	8	0	0
Zenit	乌克兰	4	3	0	1

By type

Rocket	Country	Family	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Ariane 5	歐洲	Ariane	3	3	0	0
Atlas II	美国	Atlas	4	4	0	0	Final flight
Atlas III	美国	Atlas	1	1	0	0
Atlas V	美国	Atlas	1	1	0	0
Delta II	美国	Delta	7	7	0	0
Delta IV	美国	Delta	1	0	0	1
Dnepr	乌克兰	R-36	1	1	0	0
GSLV	印度	GSLV	1	1	0	0
Kosmos	俄羅斯	R-14	2	2	0	0
Long March 2	中国	Long March	5	5	0	0
Long March 3	中国	Long March	1	1	0	0
Long March 4	中国	Long March	2	2	0	0
Molniya-M	俄羅斯	R-7	1	1	0	0
Proton-K	俄羅斯	Universal Rocket	4	4	0	0
Proton-M	俄羅斯	Universal Rocket	4	4	0	0
Shavit	以色列	Shavit	1	0	1	0
Soyuz-U	俄羅斯	R-7	5	5	0	0
Soyuz-FG	俄羅斯	R-7	2	2	0	0
Taurus	美国	Minotaur	1	1	0	0
Titan IV	美国	Titan	1	1	0	0
Tsyklon	乌克兰	R-36	2	1	0	1
Zenit	乌克兰	Zenit	4	3	0	1

By configuration

Rocket	Country	Type	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Ariane 5G+	歐洲	Ariane 5	3	3	0	0	Maiden and final flights
Atlas IIAS	美国	Atlas II	4	4	0	0	Final flight
Atlas IIIA	美国	Atlas III	1	1	0	0	Final flight
Atlas V 521	美国	Atlas V	1	1	0	0	Final flight
Delta II 7320	美国	Delta II	1	1	0	0
Delta II 7920	美国	Delta II	1	1	0	0
Delta II 7920-10L	美国	Delta II	1	1	0	0
Delta II 7925	美国	Delta II	3	3	0	0
Delta II 7925H	美国	Delta II	1	1	0	0
Delta IV Heavy	美国	Delta IV	1	0	0	1	Maiden flight
Dnepr	乌克兰	Dnepr	1	1	0	0
GSLV Mk I	印度	GSLV	1	1	0	0
Kosmos-3M	俄羅斯	Kosmos	2	2	0	0
Long March 2C	中国	Long March 2	4	4	0	0
Long March 2D	中国	Long March 2	1	1	0	0
Long March 3A	中国	Long March 3	1	1	0	0
Long March 4B	中国	Long March 4	2	2	0	0
Molniya-M	俄羅斯	Molniya-M	1	1	0	0
Proton-K / DM-2	俄羅斯	Proton-K	4	4	0	0
Proton-M / Briz-M	俄羅斯	Proton-M	4	4	0	0
Shavit-1	以色列	Shavit	1	0	1	0
Soyuz-U	俄羅斯	Soyuz-U	5	5	0	0
Soyuz-FG	俄羅斯	Soyuz-FG	2	2	0	0
Taurus 3120	美国	Taurus	1	1	0	0
Titan IV-B (402B) / IUS	美国	Titan IV	1	1	0	0
Tsyklon-2	乌克兰	Tsyklon	1	1	0	0
Tsyklon-3	乌克兰	Tsyklon	1	0	0	1
Zenit-2	乌克兰	Zenit	1	1	0	0
Zenit-3SL	乌克兰	Zenit	3	2	0	1

已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。

5

10

15

20

China

France

India

International waters

Israel

Kazakhstan

Russia

United States

•   Jiuquan
•   Taiyuna
•   Xichang
•   Kourou
•   Satish Dhawan
•   Ocean Odyssey
•   Palmachim
•   Baikonur
•   Plesetsk
•   Cape Canaveral
•   Kennedy
•   Vandenberg

Site	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Baikonur	哈萨克斯坦	17	17	0	0
Cape Canaveral	美国	13	12	0	1
Jiuquan	中国	3	3	0	0
Kourou	法國	3	3	0	0
Ocean Odyssey	International	3	2	0	1
Palmachim	以色列	1	0	1	0
Plesetsk	俄羅斯	5	4	0	1
Satish Dhawan	印度	1	1	0	0
Taiyuan	中国	3	3	0	0
Vandenberg	美国	3	3	0	0
Xichang	中国	2	2	0	0
Total		54	50	1	3

1. 中国国家航天局
2. 中国探月网
3. Encyclopedia Astronautica
4. Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
5. 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構
6. Jonathan's Space Report（SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项）
7. Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
8. NASA
9. NASA SpaceFlight.com
10. Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
11. Space Calander (NASA JPL)
12. Southwest Space Archive
13. SPACE.com Launch Forecast
14. SpaceFlightNow
15. Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
16. U.S. Space Objects Registry