Baker, Darrel D. (2008). The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC. London: Stacey International. ISBN978-1-905299-37-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Bard, Kathryn, ed. (1999). Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN978-0-203-98283-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Baud, Michel; Dobrev, Vassil (1995). "De nouvelles annales de l'Ancien Empire égyptien. Une "Pierre de Palerme" pour la VIe dynastie." (in French). Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale95: 23–92. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:0255-0962.
Kanawati, Naguib (2003). Conspiracies in the Egyptian Palace: Unis to Pepy I. London: Routledge. ISBN0-203-16673-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013). The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Vol. Volume 33 of Writings from the ancient world. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN978-1-58983-736-2. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Manetho; Waddell, William Gillan (1964). Aegyptiaca. The Loeb classical library, 350. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. கணினி நூலகம்1067847872. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Ryholt, Kim (1997). The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c. 1800–1550 B.C. CNI publications. Vol. 20. Copenhagen: The Carsten Niebuhr Institute of Near Eastern Studies: Museum Tusculam Press. ISBN87-7289-421-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Smith, William Stevenson (1962). "XIV: The Old Kingdom in Egypt and the Beginning of the First Intermediate Period". The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–72. கணினி நூலகம்879104162. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Verner, Miroslav (2001b). "Old Kingdom". In Redford, Donald B. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 585–591. ISBN978-0-19-510234-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)